MongoDB集群部署
MongoDB集群部署
一、部署环境
1、MongoDB机器信息
| 192.168.47.188 | 192.168.47.189 | 192.168.47.190 |
|---|---|---|
| mongos | mongos | mongos |
| config server | config server | config server |
| shard server1 主节点 | shard server1 副节点 | shard server1 仲裁 |
| shard server2 仲裁 | shard server2 主节点 | shard server2 副节点 |
| shard server3 副节点 | shard server3 仲裁 | shard server3 主节点 |
系统：centos7.6
DB版本：mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-4.2.1.tgz
下载地址：https://www.mongodb.com
二、安装MongoDB
2.1、安装MongoDB（三台主机均操作）
[root@t1 ~]# tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-4.2.1.tgz -C /app/
[root@t1 ~]# cd /app && mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-4.2.1/ mongodb && cd mongodb
#分别在每台机器建立conf、mongos、config、shard1、shard2、shard3六个目录，因为mongos不存储数据，只需要建立日志文件目录即可。
[root@t1 mongodb]# mkdir conf \
mkdir -p config/{data,log} \
mkdir -p shard1/{data,log} \
mkdir -p shard2/{data,log} \
mkdir -p shard3/{data,log} \
配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
# MongoDB 环境变量内容
export MONGODB_HOME=/app/mongodb
export PATH=$MONGODB_HOME/bin:$PATH
####
source /etc/profile
2.2、配置config server服务器
[root@t1 mongodb]# vim conf/config.conf
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/config/log/configsrv.pid
dbpath = /app/mongodb/config/data
logpath = /app/mongodb/config/log/congigsrv.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 21000
fork = true
#declare this is a config db of a cluster;
configsvr = true
#副本集名称
replSet = configs
#设置最大连接数
maxConns = 20000
#启动三台服务器的config server（三台）
[root@t2 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/config.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 3154
child process started successfully, parent exiting
#登录任意一台配置服务器，初始化配置副本集
#连接 MongoDB
[root@t2 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 21000
#config 变量
config = {
_id : "configs",
members : [
{_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:21000" },
{_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:21000" },
{_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:21000" }
]
}
#初始化副本集
rs.initiate(config)
其中，"_id" : "configs"应与配置文件中配置的 replicaction.replSetName 一致，"members" 中的 "host" 为三个节点的 ip 和 port
响应内容如下
> config = {
... _id : "configs",
... members : [
... {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:21000" },
... {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:21000" },
... {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:21000" }
... ]
... }
{
"_id" : "configs",
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"host" : "192.168.47.188:21000"
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"host" : "192.168.47.189:21000"
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"host" : "192.168.47.190:21000"
}
]
}
> rs.initiate(config)
{
"ok" : 1,####注意看状态
"$gleStats" : {
"lastOpTime" : Timestamp(1596357707, 1),
"electionId" : ObjectId("000000000000000000000000")
},
"lastCommittedOpTime" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596357707, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1596357707, 1)
}
configs:SECONDARY>
此时会发现终端上的输出已经有了变化。
//从单个一个
>
//变成了
configs:SECONDARY>
查询状态
configs:PRIMARY> rs.status()
3. 配置分片副本集
3.1 设置第一个分片副本集
设置第一个分片副本集(三台机器均操作)
配置文件
[root@t1 ~]# vim /app/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
#配置文件内容
#——————————————–
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/shard1/log/shard1.pid
dbpath = /app/mongodb/shard1/data
logpath = /app/mongodb/shard1/log/shard1.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 27001
fork = true
#副本集名称
replSet = shard1
#declare this is a shard db of a cluster;
shardsvr = true
#设置最大连接数
maxConns = 20000
启动三台服务器的shard1 server
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 13708
child process started successfully, parent exiting
登陆任意一台服务器，初始化副本集(除了192.168.47.190）
连接 MongoDB
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
#连接数据库
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27001
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#定义副本集配置
config = {
_id : "shard1",
members : [
{_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27001" },
{_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27001" },
{_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27001" , arbiterOnly: true }
]
}
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config)
响应内容如下
> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {
... _id : "shard1",
... members : [
... {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27001" },
... {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27001" },
... {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27001" , arbiterOnly: true }
... ]
... }
{
"_id" : "shard1",
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"host" : "192.168.47.188:27001"
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"host" : "192.168.47.189:27001"
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"host" : "192.168.47.190:27001",
"arbiterOnly" : true
}
]
}
> rs.initiate(config)
此时会发现终端上的输出已经有了变化。
//从单个一个
>
//变成了
shard1:SECONDARY>
//查询状态
shard1:SECONDARY> rs.status()
3.2 设置第二个分片副本集
设置第二个分片副本集（三台）
配置文件
[root@t1 ~]# vim /app/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf
#配置文件内容
#——————————————–
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/shard2/log/shard2.pid
dbpath = /app/mongodb/shard2/data
logpath = /app/mongodb/shard2/log/shard2.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 27002
fork = true
#副本集名称
replSet=shard2
#declare this is a shard db of a cluster;
shardsvr = true
#设置最大连接数
maxConns=20000
#启动三台服务器的shard2 server
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 14533
child process started successfully, parent exiting
登陆任意一台服务器，初始化副本集(除了192.168.47.188）
连接 MongoDB
#连接 MongoDB
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27002
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#定义副本集配置
config = {
_id : "shard2",
members : [
{_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27002" , arbiterOnly: true },
{_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27002" },
{_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27002" }
]
}
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config)
3.3设置第三个分片副本集
设置第三个分片副本集（三台）
配置文件
[root@t1 ~]# vim /app/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf
#配置文件内容
#——————————————–
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/shard3/log/shard3.pid
dbpath = /app/mongodb/shard3/data
logpath = /app/mongodb/shard3/log/shard3.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 27003
fork = true
replSet=shard3
shardsvr = true
maxConns=20000
#启动三台服务器的shard3 server
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 15799
child process started successfully, parent exiting
登陆任意一台服务器，初始化副本集(除了192.168.47.189）
连接 MongoDB
#连接 MongoDB
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27003
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#定义副本集配置
config = {
_id : "shard3",
members : [
{_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27003" },
{_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27003" , arbiterOnly: true},
{_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27003" }
]
}
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config)
响应内容如下
> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {
... _id : "shard3",
... members : [
... {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27003" },
... {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27003" , arbiterOnly: true},
... {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27003" }
... ]
... }
{
"_id" : "shard3",
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"host" : "192.168.47.188:27003"
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"host" : "192.168.47.189:27003",
"arbiterOnly" : true
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"host" : "192.168.47.190:27003"
}
]
}
> rs.initiate(config)
{
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596360929, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1596360929, 1)
}
shard3:OTHER>
3.4 配置路由服务器 mongos
先启动配置服务器和分片服务器,后启动路由实例启动路由实例:（三台机器）
vim /app/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf
#内容
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/mongos/log/mongos.pid
logpath = /app/mongodb/mongos/log/mongos.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 20000
fork = true
#监听的配置服务器,只能有1个或者3个 configs为配置服务器的副本集名字
configdb = configs/192.168.47.188:21000,192.168.47.189:21000,192.168.47.190:21000
#设置最大连接数
maxConns = 20000
启动三台服务器的mongos server
[root@t3 ~]# mkdir -p /app/mongodb/mongos/log
[root@t3 logs]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongos -f /app/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 9226
child process started successfully, parent exiting
4. 串联路由服务器
目前搭建了mongodb配置服务器、路由服务器，各个分片服务器，不过应用程序连接到mongos路由服务器并不能使用分片机制，还需要在程序里设置分片配置，让分片生效。
登陆任意一台mongos
[root@t1 conf]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 20000
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#串联路由服务器与分配副本集
sh.addShard("shard1/192.168.47.188:27001,192.168.47.189:27001,192.168.47.190:27001");
sh.addShard("shard2/192.168.47.188:27002,192.168.47.189:27002,192.168.47.190:27002");
sh.addShard("shard3/192.168.47.188:27003,192.168.47.189:27003,192.168.47.190:27003");
#查看集群状态
sh.status()
响应内容如下
mongos> use admin
switched to db admin
mongos> sh.addShard("shard1/192.168.47.188:27001,192.168.47.189:27001,192.168.47.190:27001");
{
"shardAdded" : "shard1",
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1596361773, 6),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596361773, 6),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
mongos> sh.addShard("shard2/192.168.47.188:27002,192.168.47.189:27002,192.168.47.190:27002");
{
"shardAdded" : "shard2",
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1596361780, 4),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596361780, 4),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
mongos> sh.addShard("shard3/192.168.47.188:27003,192.168.47.189:27003,192.168.47.190:27003");
{
"shardAdded" : "shard3",
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1596361785, 2),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596361785, 2),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("5f267c56fa6ddb9a93f6d800")
}
shards:
{ "_id" : "shard1", "host" : "shard1/192.168.47.188:27001,192.168.47.189:27001", "state" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "shard2", "host" : "shard2/192.168.47.189:27002,192.168.47.190:27002", "state" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "shard3", "host" : "shard3/192.168.47.188:27003,192.168.47.190:27003", "state" : 1 }
active mongoses:
"4.2.1" : 3
autosplit:
Currently enabled: yes
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "config", "primary" : "config", "partitioned" : true }
config.system.sessions
shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
unique: false
balancing: true
chunks:
shard1 1
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard1 Timestamp(1, 0)
5. 启用集合分片生效
目前配置服务、路由服务、分片服务、副本集服务都已经串联起来了，但我们的目的是希望插入数据，数据能够自动分片。连接在mongos上，准备让指定的数据库、指定的集合分片生效。
登陆任意一台mongos
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 20000
#使用admin数据库
use admin
指定testdb分片生效
mongos> db.runCommand( { enablesharding :"testdb"});
或
mongos> sh.enablesharding("testdb")
mongos> db.runCommand( { enablesharding :"testdb"});
{
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1596362245, 4),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596362245, 4),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
指定数据库里需要分片的集合和片键，哈希name分片
db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "testdb.table1",key : {"name": "hashed"} } );
或
mongos> sh.shardcollection("testdb.table1", {"name": "hashed"})
mongos> db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "testdb.table1",key : {"name": "hashed"} } );
{
"collectionsharded" : "testdb.table1",
"collectionUUID" : UUID("15567b49-f3c4-4ebb-a08f-62afe78da4e6"),
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1596362380, 39),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596362380, 39),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
六、测试
# 任意一节点操作
mongo --port 20000
use admin
db.runCommand( { enablesharding : "testdb1"});
db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "testdb1.tab1",key : {id: 1} } )
exit
# 创建一个testdb1库，指定该库分片
# 分配testdb1库的需要分片的集合和键
# 任意一节点操作
mongo 127.0.0.1:20000
use testdb1;
for(var i=1;i<=100;i++) db.tab1.save({id:i,"test1":"testval1"});
exit
# 任意一节点操作
mongo 127.0.0.1:20000
use testdb1;
db.tab1.stats();
exit
# 使用testdb1库
# 循环插入数据到testdb1库的tab1集合中的键id中
# 该库对应的该集合对应的该键被设置成了分片
七、启动
启动
mongodb的启动顺序是，先启动配置服务器，在启动分片，最后启动mongos.
mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/config.conf
mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf
mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf
mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf
关闭时，直接killall杀掉所有进程
killall mongod
killall mongos
