栅栏加解密python实现(支持密钥加密)
栅栏加解密是对较短字符串的一种处理方式。给定行数Row,依据字符串长度计算出列数Column,构成一个方阵。
加密过程:就是按列依次从上到下对明文进行排列,然后依照密钥对各行进行打乱。最后以行顺序从左至右进行合并形成密文。
解密过程:将上述过程进行逆推,对每一行依据密钥的顺序回复到原始的方阵的顺序,并从密文回复原始的方阵,最后按列的顺序从上到下从左至右解密。
详细实现例如以下:全部实现封装到一个类RailFence中,初始化时能够指定列数和密钥,默认列数为2,无密钥。初始化函数例如以下:
def __init__(self, row = 2, mask = None): if row < 2: raise ValueError(u'Not acceptable row number or mask value') self.Row = row if mask != None and not isinstance(mask, (types.StringType, types.UnicodeType)): raise ValueError(u'Not acceptable mask value') self.Mask = mask self.Length = 0 self.Column = 0加密过程,能够选择是否去除空白字符。首先是类型检查,列数计算等工作,核心是通过计算的參数得到gird这个二维列表表示的方阵,也是栅栏加密的核心。详细实现例如以下:
def encrypt(self, src, nowhitespace = False): if not isinstance(src, (types.StringType, types.UnicodeType)): raise TypeError(u'Encryption src text is not string') if nowhitespace: self.NoWhiteSpace = '' for i in src: if i in string.whitespace: continue self.NoWhiteSpace += i else: self.NoWhiteSpace = src self.Length = len(self.NoWhiteSpace) self.Column = int(math.ceil(self.Length / self.Row)) try: self.__check() except Exception, msg: print msg #get mask order self.__getOrder() grid = [[] for i in range(self.Row)] for c in range(self.Column): endIndex = (c + 1) * self.Row if endIndex > self.Length: endIndex = self.Length r = self.NoWhiteSpace[c * self.Row : endIndex] for i,j in enumerate(r): if self.Mask != None and len(self.Order) > 0: grid[self.Order[i]].append(j) else: grid[i].append(j) return ''.join([''.join(l) for l in grid])当中基本的方法是依照列数遍历,每次从明文中取列数个数的字符串保存在遍历 r 中,当中须要处理最后一列的结束下标是否超过字符串长度。
然后将这一列字符串依次依照顺序增加到方阵grid的各列相应位置。
解密过程复杂一些,由于有密钥对顺序的打乱。须要先恢复打乱的各行的顺序。得到之前的方阵之后,再依照列的顺序依次连接字符串得到解密后的字符串。详细实现例如以下:
def decrypt(self, dst): if not isinstance(dst, (types.StringType, types.UnicodeType)): raise TypeError(u'Decryption dst text is not string') self.Length = len(dst) self.Column = int(math.ceil(self.Length / self.Row)) try: self.__check() except Exception, msg: print msg #get mask order self.__getOrder() grid = [[] for i in range(self.Row)] space = self.Row * self.Column - self.Length ns = self.Row - space prevE = 0 for i in range(self.Row): if self.Mask != None: s = prevE O = 0 for x,y in enumerate(self.Order): if i == y: O = x break if O < ns: e = s + self.Column else: e = s + (self.Column - 1) r = dst[s : e] prevE = e grid[O] = list(r) else: startIndex = 0 endIndex = 0 if i < self.Row - space: startIndex = i * self.Column endIndex = startIndex + self.Column else: startIndex = ns * self.Column + (i - ns) * (self.Column - 1) endIndex = startIndex + (self.Column - 1) r = dst[startIndex:endIndex] grid[i] = list(r) res = '' for c in range(self.Column): for i in range(self.Row): line = grid[i] if len(line) == c: res += ' ' else: res += line[c] return res实际执行
測试代码例如以下。以4行加密,密钥为bcaf:
rf = RailFence(4, 'bcaf') e = rf.encrypt('the anwser is wctf{C01umnar},if u is a big new,u can help us think more question,tks.') print "Encrypt: ",e print "Decrypt: ", rf.decrypt(e)结果例如以下图:
说明:这里给出的解密过程是已知加密的列数。假设未知,仅仅须要遍历列数,反复调用解密函数就可以。
完整代码详见这里:https://github.com/OshynSong/web/blob/master/RailFence.py