Spring属性注入、构造方法注入、工厂注入以及注入参数（转）

Spring 是一个开源框架.

Spring 为简化企业级应用开发而生（对比EJB2.0来说）. 使用 Spring 可以使简单的 JavaBean 实现以前只有 EJB 才能实现的功能。
Spring 是一个 IOC(DI) 和 AOP 容器框架。

 

具体描述 Spring:
轻量级：Spring 是非侵入性的 - 基于 Spring 开发的应用中的对象可以不依赖于 Spring 的 API
控制反转（依赖注入） (IOC----inverse of control 、DI --- dependency injection)
面向切面编程(AOP --- aspect oriented programming)
容器: Spring 是一个容器, 因为它包含并且管理应用对象的生命周期
框架: Spring 实现了使用简单的组件配置组合成一个复杂的应用. 在 Spring 中可以使用 XML 和 Java 注解组合这些对象
一站式：在 IOC 和 AOP 的基础上可以整合各种企业应用的开源框架和优秀的第三方类库 （实际上 Spring 自身也提供了展现层的 SpringMVC 和 持久层的 Spring JDBC）

所需jar包

 

 

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 
    <bean name="dog" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Dog"></bean>
     
</beans>

　　装配一个Bean

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package com.zhiqi.entity;
 
public class Dog {
 
    private String name;
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
}

　　

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package com.zhiqi.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.zhiqi.entity.Dog;
 
public class T {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        Dog dog=(Dog)ac.getBean("dog");
        System.out.println(dog.getName());
    }
}

　　

此时装配了Dog这个类，但是为null

 

需要进行依赖注入（属性注入、构造方法注入，工厂注入）

 

1、属性注入：

装配一个员工类

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package com.zhiqi.entity;
 
public class Employee {
 
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

　　

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package com.zhiqi.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.zhiqi.entity.Dog;
import com.zhiqi.entity.Employee;
 
public class T {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        Employee employee=(Employee)ac.getBean("employee");
        System.out.println(employee.getName());
    }
}

　　

属性注入如下：<property name="" value=""></property>

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<bean name="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <property name="id" value="10050"></property>
        <property name="name" value="小鲜肉"></property>
        <property name="sex" value="男"></property>
    </bean>

构造方法注入一（通过类型）：<constructor-arg type="" value=""></constructor-arg>

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<bean name="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <constructor-arg type="int" value="10010"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg type="String" value="小萝莉"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg type="String" value="女"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>

　　此时需要写构造函数否则会报错：

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public class Employee {
 
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
     
    public Employee() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public Employee(int id, String name, String sex) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

　　

构造方法注入二（通过索引）：<constructor-arg index="" value=""></constructor-arg>   索引从0开始

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<bean name="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="10010"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="1" value="小萝莉"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="2" value="女"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>

　可以混合使用　类型+索引

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<bean name="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <constructor-arg type="int" index="0" value="10010"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg type="String" index="1" value="小萝莉"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg type="String" index="2" value="女"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>

通过工厂注入：<bean name="employee" factory-bean="" factory-method=""></bean>

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package com.zhiqi.factory;
 
import com.zhiqi.entity.Employee;
 
public class EmployeeFactory {
 
    public Employee createEmployee(){
        Employee employee=new Employee();
        employee.setId(10080);
        employee.setName("小霸王");
        employee.setSex("男");
        return employee;
    }
}

　　

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 
    <bean name="dog" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Dog"></bean>
     
    <bean name="employeeFactory" class="com.zhiqi.factory.EmployeeFactory"></bean>
    <bean name="employee" factory-bean="employeeFactory" factory-method="createEmployee"></bean>
     
</beans>

　　

通过静态工厂注入：

 

 

注入参数：

1、基本类型值

2、注入bean

3、内部bean

4、null值

5、级联属性

6、集合注入（List、Set、Map）

 

员工有一辆车

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<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <property name="id" value="10060"></property>
        <property name="name" value="脑残粉"></property>
        <property name="sex" value="女"></property>
        <property name="car" ref="car"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Car">
        <property name="name" value="别克"></property>
    </bean>

　　

一辆车只属于某员工，内部bean

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<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <property name="id" value="10060"></property>
        <property name="name" value="脑残粉"></property>
        <property name="sex" value="女"></property>
        <property name="car">
            <bean class="com.zhiqi.entity.Car">
                <property name="name" value="雪佛兰"></property>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>

　　

 

有一个员工没有车

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<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <property name="id" value="10060"></property>
        <property name="name" value="脑残粉"></property>
        <property name="sex" value="女"></property>
        <property name="car">
            <null></null>
        </property>
    </bean>

　　

 级联

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<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <property name="id" value="10060"></property>
        <property name="name" value="脑残粉"></property>
        <property name="sex" value="女"></property>
        <property name="car.name" value="好车"></property>
    </bean>

　　此时在Car中new一个

 

一个员工有多个girlFriend

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private int id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private Car car;
    private List<String> girlFriend=new ArrayList<String>();

　　

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
     
    <bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <property name="id" value="10060"></property>
        <property name="name" value="脑残粉"></property>
        <property name="sex" value="女"></property>
        <property name="car" value="宾利"></property>
        <property name="girlFriend">
            <list>
                <value>琪琪</value>
                <value>丽丽</value>
                <value>小莫</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
 
</beans>

　　

一个员工有多套房子

private Set<String> house=new HashSet<String>();

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
     
    <bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <property name="id" value="10060"></property>
        <property name="name" value="脑残粉"></property>
        <property name="sex" value="女"></property>
        <property name="car" value="宾利"></property>
        <property name="girlFriend">
            <list>
                <value>琪琪</value>
                <value>丽丽</value>
                <value>小莫</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="house">
            <set>
                <value>房子1</value>
                <value>别墅2</value>
            </set>
        </property>
    </bean>
 
</beans>

　　一个员工的工作

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
     
    <bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.entity.Employee">
        <property name="id" value="10060"></property>
        <property name="name" value="脑残粉"></property>
        <property name="sex" value="女"></property>
        <property name="car" value="宾利"></property>
        <property name="girlFriend">
            <list>
                <value>琪琪</value>
                <value>丽丽</value>
                <value>小莫</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="house">
            <set>
                <value>房子1</value>
                <value>别墅2</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <property name="works">
            <map>
                <entry>
                    <key><value>上午</value></key>
                    <value>撸代码</value>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                    <key><value>下午</value></key>
                    <value>找BUG</value>
                </entry>
            </map>
        </property>
    </bean>
 
</beans>

　　

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package com.zhiqi.test;
 
import java.util.Iterator;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.zhiqi.entity.Employee;
 
public class T {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        Employee employee=(Employee)ac.getBean("employee");
        for(String str:employee.getHouse()){
            System.out.println(str);
        }
        //entrySet()将map转为set，然后迭代器遍历
        Iterator it=employee.getWorks().entrySet().iterator();
        while(it.hasNext()){
            System.out.println(it.next());
        }
    }
}
  • 　　
posted @ 2017-03-27 09:32  滥好人  阅读(765)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报