代码改变世界

day10作业

2018-07-25 20:43  好好学习哟  阅读(354)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

 

多态作业

 

一、              选择题

 

1.

关于Java中的多态,以下说法不正确的为(B  )。(选择一项)

 

 

 

 

A

多态不仅可以减少代码量,还可以提高代码的可扩展性和可维护性

 

B.

把子类转换为父类,称为向下转型,自动进行类型转换

 

C.

多态是指同一个实现接口,使用不同的实例而执行不同的操作

 

D.

继承是多态的基础,没有继承就没有多态

 

2.

编译运行如下Java代码,输出结果是(D )。(选择一项)

 

class Base {

                public void method(){

                                System.out.print ("Base method");

                }

}

class Child extends Base{        

                public void methodB(){

                                System.out.print ("Child methodB");

                }

}

class Sample {

                public static void main(String[] args) {

                                Base base= new Child();

                                base.methodB();

                }

}

 

 

 

 

A

Base method

 

B.

Child methodB

 

C.

Base method

Child methodB

 

D.

编译错误

 

3.

Java中,关于引用数据类型的类型转换说法正确的是(AB )。(选择二项)

 

 

 

 

A

引用数据类型的类型转换有向上转型和向下转型

 

B.

向下转型,必须转换成其真实子类型,而不能随意转换

 

C.

向下转型是自动进行的,也称隐式转换

 

D.

向上转型可以使用instanceof操作符来判断转型的合法性

 

 

4.

给定如下Java程序,Test类中的四个输出语句输出结果依次是()。(选择一项)

 

class Person {

                String name="person";

                public void shout(){

                                System.out.println(name);

                }

}

class Student extends Person{

                String name="student";

                String school="school";

}

public class Test {

                public static void main(String[ ] args) {

                                Person p=new Student();

                                System.out.println(p instanceof Student);

                                System.out.println(p instanceof Person);

                                System.out.println(p instanceof Object);;

                                System.out.println(p instanceof System);

                }

}

 

 

 

 

A

true,false,true,false

 

B.

false,true,false,false

 

C.

true,true,true,编译错误

 

D.

true,true,false,编译错误

 

二、              判断题

  1. 将子类对象赋给父类引用变量,称为向下转型,将无法访问子类特有的方法。( ×  )
  2. 继承是多态的基础,没有继承就没有多态。(√ )

 

三、              简答题

  1. 多态的含义和作用

事物的多种形态

提高代码的维护性(继承保证) ,提高代码的扩展性(由多态保证)

  1. 向上转型和向下转型

父类引用指向子类对象  将父类引用强制转换为子类引用

四、              编码题

  1. 编写程序实现比萨制作。需求说明编写程序,接收用户输入的信息,选择需要制作的比萨。可供选择的比萨有:培根比萨和海鲜比萨。

实现思路及关键代码

1)         分析培根比萨和海鲜比萨

2)         定义比萨类

3)         属性:名称、价格、大小

4)         方法:展示

5)         定义培根比萨和海鲜比萨继承自比萨类

6)         定义比萨工厂类,根据输入信息产生具体的比萨对象

程序运行结果如图所示

 

 

 

import java.util.Scanner;

class Test {

                public static void main(String[] args) {

                                System.out.println("请输入想要制作的披萨(1.培根披萨 2.海鲜披萨)");

                Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

                int kind = sc.nextInt();

                                if (kind == 1) {

                                                Bacon a = new Bacon();

                                                System.out.println("输入披萨的价格");

                                                a.price = sc.nextInt();

                                                System.out.println("请输入披萨的尺寸");

                                                a.size = sc.nextInt();

                                                System.out.println("请输入培根的克数");

                                                a.weight = sc.nextInt();

                                                a.print();

                                }else if (kind == 2) {

                                                Seafood a = new Seafood();

                                                System.out.println("输入披萨的价格");

                                                a.price = sc.nextInt();

                                                System.out.println("请输入披萨的尺寸");

                                                a.size = sc.nextInt();

                                                System.out.println("请输入披萨的配料");

                                                a.peiLiao = sc.next();     

                                                a.print();

                                }else {

                                                System.out.println("输入有误");

                                }

                               

                }

}

 

class Pizza {

                String name;

                int size;

                int price;

                public Pizza() {

}

                public Pizza(String name,int size,int price){

                                this.name = name;

                                this.size = size;

                                this.price = price;

                }

 

 

                public void show() {

                                System.out.println("名称:" + name);

                                System.out.println("价格:" + price);

                                System.out.println("尺寸:" + size);

                               

                }

}

 

class Bacon extends Pizza {

                int weight;

                public Bacon() {

                super.name = "培根披萨";

                }

 

                public void print() {

                                super.show();

                                System.out.println("培根克数:" + weight);

                }

               

}

 

class Seafood extends Pizza{

                String peiLiao;

                public Seafood() {

                super.name = "海鲜披萨";

                }

 

                public void print() {

                                super.show();

                                System.out.println("配料:" + peiLiao);

                }

}

 

 

 

五、              可选题

 

  1. 编写程序实现软料购买:编写程序,接收用户输入的信息,选择购买的饮料。可供选择的饮料有:咖啡、矿泉水和可乐。其中,购买咖啡时可以选择:加糖、加奶还是什么都不加。购买可乐时可以选择:买可口可乐还是百事可乐。

程序运行效果如图所示。

 

import java.util.Scanner;

class Test1 {

             public static void main(String[] args) {

                             System.out.println("请输入想要购买的饮料(1.咖啡 2.矿泉水 3.可乐)");

             Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

             int kind = sc.nextInt();

                             if (kind == 1) {

                                             Coffee a = new Coffee();

                                             a.name = "咖啡";

                                             System.out.println("请输入容量");

                                             a.volume = sc.nextInt();

                                             System.out.println("请问是否要配料(1.加糖 2.加奶 3.啥也不加)");

                                             int x = sc.nextInt();

                                                             if (x == 1) {

                                                                             a.ingredient = "加糖";

                                                             }else if (x == 2) {

                                                                             a.ingredient = "加奶";

                                                             }else {

                                                                             a.ingredient = "啥也不加";

                                                             }

                                             a.print();

                             }else if (kind == 2) {

                                             Water a = new Water();

                                             a.name = "矿泉水";

                                             System.out.println("请输入容量");

                                             a.volume = sc.nextInt();

                                             a.print();

                             }else {

                                             Cola a = new Cola();

                                             a.name = "可乐";

                                             System.out.println("请输入类型(1.可口可乐 2.百事可乐)");

                                             int t = sc.nextInt();

                                                             if (t == 1) {

                                                                             a.type = "可口可乐";

                                                             }else {

                                                                             a.type = "百事可乐";

                                                             }

                                             System.out.println("请输入容量");

                                             a.volume = sc.nextInt();

                                             a.print();

                             }

                            

             }

}

 

class Water {

             String name;

             int volume;

            

             public Water(){}

             public Water(String name,int volume){

                             this.name = name;

                             this.volume = volume;

             }

 

 

             public void print() {

                             System.out.println("名称:" + name);

                             System.out.println("容量:" + volume);

                            

             }

}

 

class Coffee extends Water {

             String ingredient;

             public Coffee() {

            

             }

 

             public void print() {

                             super.print();

                             System.out.println("配料:" + ingredient);

             }

            

}

 

class Cola extends Water{

             String type;

             public Cola() {

            

             }

 

             public void print() {

                             super.print();

                             System.out.println("类型:" + type);

             }

}