Linux - 关于yum源 file & ftp & http 的三种配置方式
一、环境准备
1、两台Centos服务器：node1、node2
2、配置ip：node1（192.168.2.111）、node2（192.168.2.112）
3、关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld4、禁用SELinux：setenforce 0 && sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@node1 home]# cat /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
二、配置yum源（file版）
1、将操作系统的iso映像文件上传到服务器的/mnt/iso目录下（目录不存在的话，手动创建）
[root@ctos79 ~]# mkdir -p /mnt/iso2、挂载iso到/dev/cdrum目录（centos7.9该目录下的cdrom是个软连接）
[root@ctos79 ~]# mkdir -p /dev/cdrum
[root@ctos79 ~]# mount -o loop /mnt/iso/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso /dev/cdrum/3、创建本地的yum仓库目录 /vat/ftp/pub/os79，将iso文件的内容（/dev/cdrom目录下的内容）拷贝到yum仓库目录
[root@ctos79 ~]# mkdir -p /var/ftp/pub/os79
[root@ctos79 ~]# cp -a /dev/cdrum/* /var/ftp/pub/os79/3、配置yum的.repo配置文件（在/etc/yum.repos.d目录下进行配置）
[root@ctos79 ~]# cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/os79.repo << EOF
> [os79]
> name=Local yum package
> baseurl=file:///var/ftp/pub/os79
> gpgcheck=0
> proxy=_none_
> EOF4、清理（索引和下载包）缓存，将软件包信息提前在本地索引缓存，用来提高搜索安装软件的速度
[root@ctos79 ~]# yum clean all && yum makecache fast
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在清理软件源： os79
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
os79 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/2): os79/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): os79/primary_db | 3.3 MB 00:00:00
元数据缓存已建立5、显示已配置的软件仓库列表及各个软件仓库的软件包数量
[root@ctos79 ~]# yum repolist
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
源标识 源名称 状态
os79 Local yum package 4,070
repolist: 4,0706、以下是实际操作截图
三、配置yum源（ftp版）
1、下载安装vsftpd服务
[root@node1 home]# yum -y install vsftpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-11.el6_4.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=====================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=====================================================================================================================
Installing:
vsftpd x86_64 2.2.2-11.el6_4.1 os65 151 k
Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 151 k
Installed size: 331 k
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : vsftpd-2.2.2-11.el6_4.1.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : vsftpd-2.2.2-11.el6_4.1.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-11.el6_4.1
Complete!2、修改vsftpd配置文件，添加 anon_root=/var/ftp（注意：实测不需要配置anon_root目录）
[root@node1 home]# cd /etc/vsftpd
[root@node1 vsftpd]# ll
总用量 20
-rw------- 1 root root 125 3月 1 2013 ftpusers
-rw------- 1 root root 361 3月 1 2013 user_list
-rw------- 1 root root 4599 3月 1 2013 vsftpd.conf
-rwxr--r-- 1 root root 338 3月 1 2013 vsftpd_conf_migrate.sh
[root@node1 vsftpd]# vim vsftpd.conf
[root@node1 vsftpd]# tail vsftpd.conf
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
anon_root=/var/ftp
[root@node1 vsftpd]#3、修改配置文件之后重启vsftpd服务
# centos6.x
[root@node1 vsftpd]# service vsftpd restart && chkconfig vsftpd on
[root@node1 vsftpd]# chkconfig --list vsftpd
vsftpd 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭
[root@node1 vsftpd]#
# centos7.x
[root@node1 vsftpd]# systemctl restart vsftpd && systemctl enable vsftpd 4、配置node2的yum配置文件（在/etc/yum.repos.d目录下）
[root@node2 yum.repos.d]# cat os65.repo
[os65]
name=Local yum package
baseurl=ftp://192.168.56.111/pub/os65
gpgcheck=0
proxy=_none_
enabled=15、清理（索引和下载包）缓存，将软件包信息提前在本地索引缓存，用来提高搜索安装软件的速度
yum clean all && yum makecache fast6、显示已配置的软件仓库列表及各个软件仓库的软件包数量
[root@node2 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id repo name status
os65 Local yum package 6,367
repolist: 6,367
[root@node2 yum.repos.d]#
四、配置yum源（http版）
1、通过wget获取到大厂的镜像源repo文件，先安装wget
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===================================================================================
Installing:
wget x86_64 1.14-18.el7_6.1 base 547 k
Transaction Summary
===================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 547 k
Installed size: 2.0 M
Downloading packages:
wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm | 547 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]#2、获取阿里的repo文件：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/ （可能有加密处理，不能直接wget到Centos-7.repo，访问该网址之后，右键复制了我想要的那个repo的链接）
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget -O CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyum.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
--2023-06-07 16:35:00-- https://mirrors.aliyum.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyum.com (mirrors.aliyum.com)... 47.75.39.85
Connecting to mirrors.aliyum.com (mirrors.aliyum.com)|47.75.39.85|:443... failed: Connection refused.
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget -O CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo?spm=a2c6h.25603864.0.0.1d2f5969P1c04G
--2023-06-07 16:36:10-- https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo?spm=a2c6h.25603864.0.0.1d2f5969P1c04G
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 119.167.164.119, 112.122.156.209, 112.122.156.207, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|119.167.164.119|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2523 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘CentOS-Base.repo’
100%[============================>] 2,523 --.-K/s in 0.008s
2023-06-07 16:36:10 (311 KB/s) - ‘CentOS-Base.repo’ saved [2523/2523]
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
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