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…… are only available on JDK 1.5 and higher 错误

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\bin\java" -ea -Didea.test.cyclic.buffer.size=1048576 "-javaagent:D:\softwares\idea\IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1\lib\idea_rt.jar=65398:D:\softwares\idea\IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "D:\softwares\idea\IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1\lib\idea_rt.jar;D:\softwares\idea\IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1\plugins\junit\lib\junit-rt.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\classes;D:\softwares\idea\IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1\lib\junit-4.12.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\antlr-2.7.6.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\aspectjrt.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\aspectjweaver.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\common-annotations.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\commons-collections-3.1.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\commons-logging-1.0.4.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\commons-logging.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\dom4j-1.6.1.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\ehcache-1.2.3.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\ejb3-persistence.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\freemarker-2.3.15.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\hibernate-annotations.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\hibernate-cglib-repack-2.1_3.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\hibernate-commons-annotations.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\hibernate-entitymanager.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\hibernate3.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\javassist-3.4.GA.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\jstl.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\jta-1.1.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\log4j-1.2.15.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\mysql-connector-java-3.1.13-bin.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\ognl-2.7.3.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\slf4j-api-1.5.2.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\slf4j-log4j12.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\spring.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\standard.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\struts2-core-2.1.8.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\struts2-spring-plugin-2.1.8.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib\xwork-core-2.1.6.jar;F:\ssh\SSH2\junit-4.8.2.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_73\jre\lib\rt.jar;F:\IntelliJProject\SSH2\junit-4.8.2.jar" com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter -ideVersion5 junit.test.EmployeeTest,list
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Unexpected exception parsing XML document from class path resource [beans.xml]; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Context namespace element 'component-scan' and its parser class [org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser] are only available on JDK 1.5 and higher
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:420)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:342)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:310)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:143)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:178)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:149)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:212)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:113)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:80)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:123)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:422)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:352)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
at junit.test.EmployeeTest.setUpBeforeClass(EmployeeTest.java:20)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod $1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$ Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:51)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:237)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Context namespace element 'component-scan' and its parser class [org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser] are only available on JDK 1.5 and higher
at org.springframework.context.config.ContextNamespaceHandler$1.parse(ContextNamespaceHandler.java:65)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandlerSupport.parse(NamespaceHandlerSupport.java:69)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1297)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1287)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:135)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:92)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.registerBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:507)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:398)
... 28 more

java.lang.NullPointerException
at junit.test.EmployeeTest.list(EmployeeTest.java:46)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod $1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$ 3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner $1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$ 000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner $2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$ Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:51)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:237)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)

Process finished with exit code -1

1、在项目中创建一个package为org.springframework.core
2、在该package下面新建JdkVersion.java，内容如下：

package org.springframework.core;

public abstract class JdkVersion {
    public static final int JAVA_13 = 0;
    public static final int JAVA_14 = 1;
    public static final int JAVA_15 = 2;
    public static final int JAVA_16 = 3;
    public static final int JAVA_17 = 4;
    //for jre 1.8
    public static final int JAVA_18 = 5;
    private static final String javaVersion = System
            .getProperty("java.version");
    private static final int majorJavaVersion;
    public static String getJavaVersion() {
        return javaVersion;
    }
    public static int getMajorJavaVersion() {
        return majorJavaVersion;
    }
    public static boolean isAtLeastJava14() {
        return true;
    }
    public static boolean isAtLeastJava15() {
        return getMajorJavaVersion() >= 2;
    }
    public static boolean isAtLeastJava16() {
        return getMajorJavaVersion() >= 3;
    }
    static {
        //for jre 1.8
        if (javaVersion.indexOf("1.8.") != -1) {
            majorJavaVersion = 5;
        }else if (javaVersion.indexOf("1.7.") != -1) {
            majorJavaVersion = 4;
        } else if (javaVersion.indexOf("1.6.") != -1) {
            majorJavaVersion = 3;
        } else if (javaVersion.indexOf("1.5.") != -1) {
            majorJavaVersion = 2;
        } else {
            majorJavaVersion = 1;
        }
    }
}