图形描述语言GraphML(4):复杂图形(嵌套,超边,端口)
复杂的图形可能包括嵌套,超边或注册点,这些GraphML也提供了内建的支持。
嵌套图( Nested Graph )
嵌套图表现为图形的子元素本身也可能为图。比如:
用GraphML表示如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<graphml xmlns="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns/1.0/graphml.xsd">
<graph id="G" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n0"/>
<node id="n1"/>
<node id="n2"/>
<node id="n3"/>
<node id="n4"/>
<node id="n5">
<graph id="n5:" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n5::n0"/>
<node id="n5::n1"/>
<node id="n5::n2"/>
<edge id="e0" source="n5::n0" target="n5::n2"/>
<edge id="e1" source="n5::n1" target="n5::n2"/>
</graph>
</node>
<node id="n6">
<graph id="n6:" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n6::n0">
<graph id="n6::n0:" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n6::n0::n0"/>
</graph>
</node>
<node id="n6::n1"/>
<node id="n6::n2"/>
<edge id="e10" source="n6::n1" target="n6::n0::n0"/>
<edge id="e11" source="n6::n1" target="n6::n2"/>
</graph>
</node>
<edge id="e2" source="n5::n2" target="n0"/>
<edge id="e3" source="n0" target="n2"/>
<edge id="e4" source="n0" target="n1"/>
<edge id="e5" source="n1" target="n3"/>
<edge id="e6" source="n3" target="n2"/>
<edge id="e7" source="n2" target="n4"/>
<edge id="e8" source="n3" target="n6::n1"/>
<edge id="e9" source="n6::n1" target="n4"/>
</graph>
</graphml>
<graphml xmlns="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns/1.0/graphml.xsd">
<graph id="G" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n0"/>
<node id="n1"/>
<node id="n2"/>
<node id="n3"/>
<node id="n4"/>
<node id="n5">
<graph id="n5:" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n5::n0"/>
<node id="n5::n1"/>
<node id="n5::n2"/>
<edge id="e0" source="n5::n0" target="n5::n2"/>
<edge id="e1" source="n5::n1" target="n5::n2"/>
</graph>
</node>
<node id="n6">
<graph id="n6:" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n6::n0">
<graph id="n6::n0:" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n6::n0::n0"/>
</graph>
</node>
<node id="n6::n1"/>
<node id="n6::n2"/>
<edge id="e10" source="n6::n1" target="n6::n0::n0"/>
<edge id="e11" source="n6::n1" target="n6::n2"/>
</graph>
</node>
<edge id="e2" source="n5::n2" target="n0"/>
<edge id="e3" source="n0" target="n2"/>
<edge id="e4" source="n0" target="n1"/>
<edge id="e5" source="n1" target="n3"/>
<edge id="e6" source="n3" target="n2"/>
<edge id="e7" source="n2" target="n4"/>
<edge id="e8" source="n3" target="n6::n1"/>
<edge id="e9" source="n6::n1" target="n4"/>
</graph>
</graphml>
其中,如果边连接的是node中子图内的node,则适用::表示node的层级。如source="n6::n1"
超边( Hyperedges )
超边是指连接到多个node的边,如图:
在GraphML中用元素
hyperedge表示超边,其子元素为多个endpoint,每个endpoint指向一个node:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<graphml xmlns="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns/1.0/graphml.xsd">
<graph id="G" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n0"/>
<node id="n1"/>
<node id="n2"/>
<node id="n3"/>
<node id="n4"/>
<node id="n5"/>
<node id="n6"/>
<hyperedge>
<endpoint node="n0"/>
<endpoint node="n1"/>
<endpoint node="n2"/>
</hyperedge>
<hyperedge>
<endpoint node="n3"/>
<endpoint node="n4"/>
<endpoint node="n5"/>
<endpoint node="n6"/>
</hyperedge>
<hyperedge>
<endpoint node="n1"/>
<endpoint node="n3"/>
</hyperedge>
<edge source="n0" target="n4"/>
</graph>
</graphml>
<graphml xmlns="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns/1.0/graphml.xsd">
<graph id="G" edgedefault="undirected">
<node id="n0"/>
<node id="n1"/>
<node id="n2"/>
<node id="n3"/>
<node id="n4"/>
<node id="n5"/>
<node id="n6"/>
<hyperedge>
<endpoint node="n0"/>
<endpoint node="n1"/>
<endpoint node="n2"/>
</hyperedge>
<hyperedge>
<endpoint node="n3"/>
<endpoint node="n4"/>
<endpoint node="n5"/>
<endpoint node="n6"/>
</hyperedge>
<hyperedge>
<endpoint node="n1"/>
<endpoint node="n3"/>
</hyperedge>
<edge source="n0" target="n4"/>
</graph>
</graphml>
注册点(port)
注册点指边或超边连接到node上的逻辑位置。一个node可以有多个注册点,用port子元素定义:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<graphml xmlns="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns/1.0/graphml.xsd">
<graph id="G" edgedefault="directed">
<node id="n0">
<port name="North"/>
<port name="South"/>
<port name="East"/>
<port name="West"/>
</node>
<node id="n1">
<port name="North"/>
<port name="South"/>
<port name="East"/>
<port name="West"/>
</node>
<node id="n2">
<port name="NorthWest"/>
<port name="SouthEast"/>
</node>
<node id="n3">
<port name="NorthEast"/>
<port name="SouthWest"/>
</node>
<edge source="n0" target="n3" sourceport="North" targetport="NorthEast"/>
<hyperedge>
<endpoint node="n0" port="North"/>
<endpoint node="n1" port="East"/>
<endpoint node="n2" port="SouthEast"/>
</hyperedge>
</graph>
</graphml>
<graphml xmlns="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns http://graphml.graphdrawing.org/xmlns/1.0/graphml.xsd">
<graph id="G" edgedefault="directed">
<node id="n0">
<port name="North"/>
<port name="South"/>
<port name="East"/>
<port name="West"/>
</node>
<node id="n1">
<port name="North"/>
<port name="South"/>
<port name="East"/>
<port name="West"/>
</node>
<node id="n2">
<port name="NorthWest"/>
<port name="SouthEast"/>
</node>
<node id="n3">
<port name="NorthEast"/>
<port name="SouthWest"/>
</node>
<edge source="n0" target="n3" sourceport="North" targetport="NorthEast"/>
<hyperedge>
<endpoint node="n0" port="North"/>
<endpoint node="n1" port="East"/>
<endpoint node="n2" port="SouthEast"/>
</hyperedge>
</graph>
</graphml>
至此,GraphML的定义如下图: