Head First Python-python面向对象

与大多数其他的编程语言一样，Python容许创建并定义面向对象的类，类可以将代码与代码处理的数据相关联。

对于更加复杂的数据，一般的列表已经不能满足需求了。

 我们可以使用字典dict将数据值与键相关联。

1，使用dict来完成处理

相关处理代码如下：

#DICT

def sanitize(time_string):
    if '-' in time_string:
        spliter='-'
    elif ':' in time_string:
        spliter=':'
    else:
        return time_string
    (mins,secs)=time_string.split(spliter)
    return mins+'.'+secs

def get_coach_data(filename):
    james_data = {}
    try:
        with open(filename) as f:
            data=f.readline()
            temp_data=data.strip().split(',')
            #f_data=[sanitize(i) for i in temp_data]
            james_data = {'Name':temp_data.pop(0),'Bir':temp_data.pop(0),'Times':str(sorted([sanitize(i) for i in temp_data])[0:3])}

        return james_data
    except IOError as Ierror:
        print('read file error: '+str(Ierror))
        return None

james=get_coach_data('./data/james2.txt')
print(james['Name']+"'s fastest times are: "+james['Times'])

2，使用python类：

在面向对象的世界里，代码通常称为类的方法，数据通常称为类的属性。实例化数据对象通常称为实例。

#class

class Athlete(object):
    def __init__(self,name,bir=None,times=[]):
        self.name=name
        self.bir=bir
        self.times=times

    def top3(self):
        return  sorted(set([sanitize(i) for i in self.times]))[0:3]

    def add_time(self,a_time):
        self.times.append(a_time)

    def add_times(self,b_time):
        self.times.extend(b_time)

def sanitize(time_string):
    if '-' in time_string:
        spliter='-'
    elif ':' in time_string:
        spliter=':'
    else:
        return time_string
    (mins,secs)=time_string.split(spliter)
    return mins+'.'+secs

def get_coach_data(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename) as f:
            data=f.readline()
            temp_data=data.strip().split(',')
        return Athlete(temp_data.pop(0),temp_data.pop(0),temp_data)
    except IOError as ioerror:
        print('file open fail:' + str(ioerror))
        return  None

james=get_coach_data('./data/james2.txt')
james.add_times(['1-1','1:2'])
print(james.name+"'s fastest times are: "+str(james.top3()))