生成动态验证码
1)编写工具类
package com.icucoder.util; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.Random; /** * @Author : icucoder * @Time : 2021/3/29 16:17 */ public class CaptchaCodeUtil { /** * 验证码图片的宽度 */ private int width = 160; /** * 验证码图片的宽度 */ private int height = 40; /** * 干扰线的数量 */ private int lineCount = 20; /** * 验证码 */ private String code = null; /** * 验证码图片上字符个数 */ private int codeCount = 4; /** * 验证码图片Buffer */ private BufferedImage buffImg = null; Random random = new Random(); public CaptchaCodeUtil() { createImageCode(); } /** * 指定宽高 * * @param width * @param height */ public CaptchaCodeUtil(int width, int height) { this.width = width; this.height = height; createImageCode(); } /** * 指定宽高和干扰线的数量 * * @param width * @param height * @param lineCount */ public CaptchaCodeUtil(int width, int height, int lineCount) { this.width = width; this.height = height; this.lineCount = lineCount; createImageCode(); } /** * 指定宽高、验证码字符个数、干扰线数量 * * @param width * @param height * @param codeCount * @param lineCount */ public CaptchaCodeUtil(int width, int height, int codeCount, int lineCount) { this.width = width; this.height = height; this.codeCount = codeCount; this.lineCount = lineCount; createImageCode(); } /** * 指定宽高、验证码字符个数、干扰线数量、 * * @param width * @param height * @param codeCount * @param lineCount * @param code */ public CaptchaCodeUtil(int width, int height, int codeCount, int lineCount, String code) { this.width = width; this.height = height; this.codeCount = codeCount; this.lineCount = lineCount; createImageCode(code); } /** * 生成验证码 */ private void createImageCode() { // 字体的宽度 int fontWidth = width / codeCount; // 字体的高度 int fontHeight = height - 5; // 偏移量 int codeY = height - 8; // 图像buffer buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics g = buffImg.getGraphics(); // 设置背景色 g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250)); g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); // 设置字体 Font font = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.BOLD, fontHeight); g.setFont(font); // 设置干扰线 setLine(g); // 添加噪点 // 噪声率 float yawpRate = 0.01f; int area = (int) (yawpRate * width * height); for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(width); int y = random.nextInt(height); buffImg.setRGB(x, y, random.nextInt(255)); } // 得到随机字符 String str1 = randomStr(codeCount); this.code = str1; for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) { String strRand = str1.substring(i, i + 1); g.setColor(getRandColor(1, 255)); // a为要画出来的东西,x和y表示要画的东西最左侧字符的基线位于此图形上下文坐标系的 (x, y) 位置处 g.drawString(strRand, i * fontWidth + 3, codeY); } } /** * 生成指定字符图片 */ private void createImageCode(String code) { // 字体的宽度 int fontWidth = width / codeCount; // 字体的高度 int fontHeight = height - 5; int codeY = height - 8; // 图像buffer buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics g = buffImg.getGraphics(); // 设置背景色 g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250)); g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); // 设置字体 Font font = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.BOLD, fontHeight); g.setFont(font); // 设置干扰线 setLine(g); // 添加噪点 // 噪声率 float yawpRate = 0.01f; int area = (int) (yawpRate * width * height); for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(width); int y = random.nextInt(height); buffImg.setRGB(x, y, random.nextInt(255)); } this.code = code; for (int i = 0; i < code.length(); i++) { String strRand = code.substring(i, i + 1); g.setColor(getRandColor(1, 255)); // a为要画出来的东西,x和y表示要画的东西最左侧字符的基线位于此图形上下文坐标系的 (x, y) 位置处 g.drawString(strRand, i * fontWidth + 3, codeY); } } /** * 设置干扰线 * * @param g */ private void setLine(Graphics g) { for (int i = 0; i < lineCount; i++) { int xs = random.nextInt(width); int ys = random.nextInt(height); int xe = xs + random.nextInt(width); int ye = ys + random.nextInt(height); g.setColor(getRandColor(1, 255)); g.drawLine(xs, ys, xe, ye); } } /** * 得到随机字符 * * @param n * @return */ public String randomStr(int n) { String str1 = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890"; String str2 = ""; int len = str1.length() - 1; double r; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { r = (Math.random()) * len; str2 = str2 + str1.charAt((int) r); } return str2; } /** * 得到随机颜色 * * @param fc * @param bc * @return */ private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) { // 给定范围获得随机颜色 if (fc > 255) { fc = 255; } if (bc > 255) { bc = 255; } int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); return new Color(r, g, b); } /** * 产生随机字体 */ private Font getFont(int size) { Random random = new Random(); Font font[] = new Font[5]; font[0] = new Font("Ravie", Font.PLAIN, size); font[1] = new Font("Antique Olive Compact", Font.PLAIN, size); font[2] = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.PLAIN, size); font[3] = new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, size); font[4] = new Font("Gill Sans Ultra Bold", Font.PLAIN, size); return font[random.nextInt(5)]; } /** * 扭曲方法 * * @param g * @param w1 * @param h1 * @param color */ private void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) { shearX(g, w1, h1, color); shearY(g, w1, h1, color); } private void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) { int period = random.nextInt(2); boolean borderGap = true; int frames = 1; int phase = random.nextInt(2); for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) { double d = (double) (period >> 1) * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames); g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0); if (borderGap) { g.setColor(color); g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i); g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i); } } } private void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) { int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; boolean borderGap = true; int frames = 20; int phase = 7; for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) { double d = (double) (period >> 1) * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames); g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d); if (borderGap) { g.setColor(color); g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0); g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1); } } } public void write(OutputStream sos) throws IOException { ImageIO.write(buffImg, "png", sos); sos.close(); } public BufferedImage getBuffImg() { return buffImg; } public String getCode() { return code.toLowerCase(); } }
2)编写接口
package com.icucoder.controller; import com.icucoder.util.CaptchaCodeUtil; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.UUID; /** * @Author : icucoder * @Time : 2021/3/28 14:22 * https://blog.csdn.net/lzxlfly/article/details/93381526 */ @Controller @RequestMapping("/code") public class CodeController { @RequestMapping("/") @ResponseBody public String captchaId() { String captchaId = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", ""); return captchaId; } @GetMapping("/{captchaId}") public void getCaptcha(@PathVariable("captchaId") String captchaId, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { String sCode = new CaptchaCodeUtil().randomStr(4); request.getSession().setAttribute(captchaId, sCode); CaptchaCodeUtil vCode = new CaptchaCodeUtil(116, 36, 4, 10, sCode); vCode.write(response.getOutputStream()); } @GetMapping("/{captchaId}/{uCode}") @ResponseBody public String verifyCaptcha(@PathVariable("captchaId") String captchaId, @PathVariable("uCode") String uCode, HttpServletRequest request) { String sCode = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute(captchaId); System.out.println("sCode:"+sCode); if (!uCode.equals(sCode)) { return "cpathca error"; } return "captcha success"; } }
3)使用
(1)访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/code/,生成验证码
(2)访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/code/66d09cef9b554ff09a7bf3b79e41f40b,生成验证码
(3)访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/code/66d09cef9b554ff09a7bf3b79e41f40b/5gK7,校验验证码
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