delphi安卓动态权限申请

delphi安卓动态权限申请

安卓8及以上版本，除了原来的静态权限申请以外，还需要动态权限申请。

delphi10.3开始支持安卓动态权限申请。

delphi11开始官方改变了安卓动态权限申请的参数类型，导致原来编写的代码，编码报错。

下面的代码，可以很好地解决权限问题。兼顾了delphi10.3和delphi11以后版本。

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{sensor 2022-07-12 周二  老吴QQ：910731685  Android 动态申请权限控件    参考：https://developer.android.google.cn/reference/android/Manifest.permission } unit uAndroid_Permissions_Component;   interface   uses   System.Types,         //TClassicStringDynArray   System.Permissions,   //TClassicPermissionStatusDynArray   FMX.DialogService,   System.UITypes,       //TModalResult   System.TypInfo,     {$IFDEF DEBUG}     FMX.Dialogs,   {$ENDIF}     System.SysUtils,   System.Classes;   const   Permission_Prefix = 'android.permission.';   //Android 权限字符串的前缀部分     type   //如果授权申请成功， GrantedResult=true，NoGranteds无效，否则 GrantedResult=false，NoGranteds表示没有授权的项目列表   TApplyResult = procedure(const Sender : TObject; GrantedResult : Boolean; NoGranteds : TArray<string>)  of object;     TPermission = (     ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,     //可单独申请 获取大致位置信息Allows an app to access approximate location.     ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,       //可单独申请 获取精确位置信息Allows an app to access precise location.     ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION, //Androidapi.JNI.Os 没有包含这个权限,实际是支持的。这个权限必须要求ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION 和 ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION 权限     ACCESS_MEDIA_LOCATION,      //可单独申请 Allows an application to access any geographic locations persisted in the user's shared collection       //ACCESS_MOCK_LOCATION,  //(obsolete) Android目前已经不支持     ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION,  // 获取设备中的健身运动信息 Allows an application to recognize physical activity.     ADD_VOICEMAIL,          // Allows an application to add voicemails into the system.     ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS,    // 接听或挂断电话、监听通话状态     //AUTHENTICATE_ACCOUNTS,  // (obsolete)  Android目前已经不支持       BODY_SENSORS,           //获取您的生命体征相关数据     BODY_SENSORS_BACKGROUND,   // API 33 新增加 后台获取您的生命体征相关数据     CALL_PHONE,     CAMERA,     //CONYINUE_A_CALL_STARTED_IN_ANOTHER_APP,  // Android目前已经不支持   Continue a call started in another app     GET_ACCOUNTS,               //获取手机账户     MANAGE_ACCOUNTS,             // Android目前已经不支持 Manage accounts (obsolete)     //PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS,       //     READ_CALENDAR,                //读取日历中的日程信息     READ_CALL_LOG,                 //读取通话记录       READ_CONTACTS,               //读取联系人信息     READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,       //读取设备上的照片及文件     //READ_HISTORY_BOOKMARKS,     //Android目前已经不支持  Read history bookmarks (obsolete)       READ_PHONE_NUMBERS,     READ_PHONE_STATE,     READ_SMS,       RECEIVE_MMS,     RECEIVE_SMS,     RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH,     RECORD_AUDIO,       SEND_SMS,     USE_SIP,     WRITE_CALENDAR,     WRITE_CALL_LOG,     WRITE_CONTACTS,     WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE                   );     TPermissions = set of TPermission;       TAndroid_Permission = class(TComponent)   private     FOnApplyResult : TApplyResult;     FPermissions   : TPermissions;     FPermissionsStr: TArray<string>;     procedure SetFPermissions(value: TPermissions);     // **** 关于 Android 权限相关 ****     procedure DisplayRationale(Sender: TObject; const APermissions: TClassicStringDynArray; const APostRationaleProc: TProc);   {$IF CompilerVersion >= 35.0}     // after Delphi 11 Alexandria     procedure AndroidPermissionRequestResult(Sender: TObject;       const APermissions: TClassicStringDynArray;       const AGrantResults: TClassicPermissionStatusDynArray); {$ELSE}     // before Delphi 11 Alexandria     procedure AndroidPermissionRequestResult(const APermissions: TArray<string>;       const AGrantResults: TArray<TPermissionStatus>); {$ENDIF}       protected     { Protected declarations }   public     constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent); override;     destructor Destroy; override;       //申请权限     procedure Apply;     //检测权限是否已经授予     function IsPermissionGranted(APermission : string): Boolean;   published     property Permissions: TPermissions read FPermissions write SetFPermissions;     property OnApplyResult : TApplyResult read FOnApplyResult write FOnApplyResult;   end;   //procedure Register;   implementation   //{$R 'Android_Permission.dcr'}   //procedure Register; //begin //  RegisterComponents('LW', [TAndroid_Permission]); //end;   { TAndroid_Permission }   {$IF CompilerVersion >= 35.0} procedure TAndroid_Permission.AndroidPermissionRequestResult(Sender: TObject;   const APermissions: TClassicStringDynArray;   const AGrantResults: TClassicPermissionStatusDynArray); var   i,count : integer;   NoGranteds : TArray<string>; begin   // 判断是否申请的授权都已经批准   SetLength(NoGranteds,0);   count := Length(FPermissionsStr);     for i := 0 to count - 1 do    //逐条判断是否已经成功授权     begin     {$IFDEF DEBUG}       showmessage(GetEnumName(typeInfo(TPermissionStatus), Ord(AGrantResults[i])) + ' : '#13#10 + FPermissionsStr[i]);     {$ENDIF}     if AGrantResults[i] <> TPermissionStatus.Granted then        begin          SetLength(NoGranteds,Length(NoGranteds) + 1);          NoGranteds[Length(NoGranteds) - 1] := FPermissionsStr[i];        end;     end;     if Length(NoGranteds) = 0 then     begin       if Assigned(FOnApplyResult) then     //此时授权已经全部成功，可以触发授权成功事件          try            FOnApplyResult(Self,True,[]);   //防止用户事件出错，导致控件错误          except on E: Exception do            raise Exception.Create('OnApplyResult: ' + E.message);          end;     end   else     if Assigned(FOnApplyResult) then     //此时授权已经全部成功，可以触发授权成功事件        try          FOnApplyResult(Self,False,NoGranteds);     //防止用户事件出错，导致控件错误        except on E: Exception do          raise Exception.Create('OnApplyResult: ' + E.message);        end;   end; {$ELSE} procedure AndroidPermissionRequestResult(const APermissions: TArray<string>;       const AGrantResults: TArray<TPermissionStatus>); var   i,count : integer;   NoGranteds : TArray<string>; begin   // 判断是否申请的授权都已经批准   SetLength(NoGranteds,0);   count := Length(FPermissionsStr);     for i := 0 to count - 1 do    //逐条判断是否已经成功授权     begin     if AGrantResults[i] <> TPermissionStatus.Granted then        begin          SetLength(NoGranteds,Length(NoGranteds) + 1);          NoGranteds[Length(NoGranteds) - 1] := FPermissionsStr[i];        end;     end;     if Length(NoGranteds) = 0 then     begin       if Assigned(FOnApplyResult) then     //此时授权已经全部成功，可以触发授权成功事件         try           FOnApplyResult(Self,True,[]);   //防止用户事件出错，导致控件错误         except on E: Exception do           raise Exception.Create('OnApplyResult: ' + E.message);         end;     end   else     if Assigned(FOnApplyResult) then     //此时授权已经全部成功，可以触发授权成功事件       try         FOnApplyResult(Self,False,NoGranteds);     //防止用户事件出错，导致控件错误       except on E: Exception do         raise Exception.Create('OnApplyResult: ' + E.message);       end;     end;   {$ENDIF}       procedure TAndroid_Permission.Apply; var   Permission : TPermission;   i : Integer;   {$IFDEF DEBUG}     count : integer;     S : string;   {$ENDIF}   PermissionStr : string; begin   {$IFNDEF ANDROID}      Exit;       //只有android 环境下动态申请权限才有效   {$ENDIF}   //确认只有 10.3 及以上的版本编译才有效   {$IF CompilerVersion < 33.0}   //10.3 Rio     Exit;  //10.3 以下不支持   {$ELSE}      if (TOSVersion.Major <= 6) then Exit;   //只有Android 7 以上才支持动态权限，实际上7没有反应，8才真正支持动态权限申请   {$ENDIF}     SetLength(FPermissionsStr,0);   //初始化当前权限数组   //构造权限字符串数组,最大权限256个，目前是没有超过的   for i := 0 to 255 do     begin       Permission := TPermission(i);       if not (Permission in FPermissions) then continue;       PermissionStr := GetEnumName(typeInfo(TPermission), i);       if (PermissionStr = '') or (PermissionStr = 'uAndroid_Permissions_Component') then         Break;       //增加权限数组字符串       SetLength(FPermissionsStr,Length(FPermissionsStr) + 1);       FPermissionsStr[Length(FPermissionsStr) - 1] := Permission_Prefix + PermissionStr;     end;     //如果没有选择授权，则直接退出   if Length(FPermissionsStr) = 0 then Exit;   {$IFDEF DEBUG}     count := Length(FPermissionsStr);     S := '';     for i := 0 to count - 1 do        S := S + FPermissionsStr[i] + #13#10;     ShowMessage(S) ;   {$ENDIF}     //申请权限   PermissionsService.RequestPermissions     (FPermissionsStr, AndroidPermissionRequestResult,     DisplayRationale); end;   constructor TAndroid_Permission.Create(AOwner: TComponent); begin   inherited; end;   destructor TAndroid_Permission.Destroy; begin   inherited; end;   procedure TAndroid_Permission.DisplayRationale(Sender: TObject;   const APermissions: TClassicStringDynArray; const APostRationaleProc: TProc); var   I: Integer;   RationaleMsg: string; begin   for I := 0 to High(APermissions) do   begin     if APermissions[I] = FPermissionsStr[i] then       RationaleMsg := RationaleMsg +         'App needs [' + FPermissionsStr[i] + '] Right' + SLineBreak +         SLineBreak;   end;   // Show an explanation to the user *asynchronously* - don't block this thread waiting for the user's response!   // After the user sees the explanation, invoke the post-rationale routine to request the permissions   TDialogService.ShowMessage(RationaleMsg,     procedure(const AResult: TModalResult)     begin       APostRationaleProc;     end) end;   function TAndroid_Permission.IsPermissionGranted(APermission: string): Boolean; begin   if Trim(APermission) = '' then Exit(False);   try     Result := PermissionsService.IsPermissionGranted(APermission);   except on E: Exception do     Result := False;   end; end;     procedure TAndroid_Permission.SetFPermissions(value: TPermissions); begin  FPermissions := value; end;   end.

　使用：

var Android_Permission : TAndroid_Permission;

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procedure TGPS.DoShow; begin   inherited;   Android_Permission := TAndroid_Permission.Create(self);   Android_Permission.Permissions := Android_Permission.Permissions + [ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION, ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION];   Android_Permission.Apply; end;