项目练习之类的使用 (第一卷项目十的练习)
一 项目练习一
创建一个类，
用来表示“玩具” 文具， 有以下数据： 名称，价格，产地。
在使用中，需要获取它的名称， 价格， 产地。
注意：根据自己当前的优惠情况，有一个对外的价格。
//------------------- main.cpp -------------------
#include <iostream>
#include "Toy.h"
int main()
{
Toy toy("变形金刚", 1600, "China");
cout << toy.getName() << " 价格:" << toy.getPrice() << " 产地:" << toy.getOrigin() << endl;
cout << "全场五折促销：" << endl;
toy.setDiscount(0.5);
cout << toy.getName() << " 价格:" << toy.getPrice() << " 产地:" << toy.getOrigin() << endl;
return 0;
}
//--------------- Toy 类 ----------------
/* Toy.h */
#pragma once
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Toy
{
public:
Toy();
Toy(string name, int price, string origin, double discount = 1);
~Toy();
string getName() const;
int getPrice() const;
string getOrigin() const;
void setDiscount(double discount);
private:
string name; // 名称
int price; // 价格
string origin; // 产地
double discount; // 折扣
};
/* Toy.cpp */
#include "Toy.h"
Toy::Toy()
{
name = "";
price = 0;
origin = "";
discount = 1;
}
Toy::Toy(string name, int price, string origin, double discount)
{
this->name = name;
this->price = price;
this->origin = origin;
this->discount = discount;
}
Toy::~Toy()
{
}
string Toy::getName() const
{
return name;
}
int Toy::getPrice() const
{
return (int)(price * discount);
}
string Toy::getOrigin() const
{
return origin;
}
void Toy::setDiscount(double discount)
{
this->discount = discount;
}
二 项目练习二
定义一个类，来表示某模拟养成游戏中人物：
每个人物， 有昵称，年龄，性别， 配偶， 朋友,
支持的活动有：结婚，离婚, 交友，断交，询问昵称，询问性别，询问年龄, 简介等。
//------------------- main.cpp ------------------
#include "Human.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
Human lhc("令狐冲", 25, MAN);
Human ryy("任盈盈", 26, WOMAN);
Human tbg("田伯光", 30, MAN);
Human yls("岳灵珊", 20, WOMAN);
Human cx("冲虚道长", 55, MAN);
lhc.marry(&yls);
Human* who = lhc.getLover();
cout << lhc.getName() << "的配偶是：" << lhc.getLover()->getName() << endl;
cout << who->getName() << "的配偶是：" << who->getLover()->getName() << endl;
cout << endl << "-------离婚-------" << endl;
lhc.divorce();
if (lhc.getLover() == NULL)
{
cout << lhc.getName() << "离婚成功，单身" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << lhc.getName() << "离婚失败，配偶是：" << lhc.getLover()->getName() << endl;
}
lhc.addFriend(&tbg);
lhc.addFriend(&cx);
lhc.addFriend(&ryy);
vector<Human*> friends = lhc.getFriends();
cout << lhc.getName() << "的朋友们有：";
for (int i = 0; i < friends.size(); i++)
{
cout << friends[i]->getName() << " ";
}
cout << endl << endl << "----------删朋友-----------" << endl;
lhc.delFriend(&cx);
friends = lhc.getFriends();
cout << lhc.getName() << "的朋友们有：";
for (int i = 0; i < friends.size(); i++)
{
cout << friends[i]->getName() << " ";
}
cout << endl;
return 0;
}
//-------------------- Human 类 --------------------
/* Human.h */
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
typedef enum gender //性别
{
MAN, // 男人
WOMAN // 女人
}gender_t;
class Human
{
public:
Human();
Human(string name, int age, gender_t gender, Human* lover = NULL);
~Human();
string getName() const;
int getAge() const;
gender_t getGender() const;
Human* getLover() const;
vector<Human*> getFriends() const;
string description() const;
void marry(Human* lover);
void divorce();
void addFriend(Human* other);
void delFriend(Human* other);
private:
string name; // 姓名
int age; // 年龄
gender_t gender; // 性别
Human* lover; // 配偶，这里是聚合关系
vector<Human*> friends; // 朋友
};
/* Human.cpp */
#include "Human.h"
#include <sstream>
Human::Human()
{
name = "";
age = 0;
gender = MAN;
lover = NULL;
}
Human::Human(string name, int age, gender_t gender, Human* lover)
{
this->name = name;
this->age = age;
this->gender = gender;
this->lover = lover;
}
Human::~Human()
{
}
string Human::getName() const
{
return name;
}
int Human::getAge() const
{
return age;
}
gender_t Human::getGender() const
{
return gender;
}
Human* Human::getLover() const
{
return lover;
}
vector<Human*> Human::getFriends() const
{
return friends;
}
string Human::description() const
{
stringstream des;
des << name << " 年龄:" << age << " 性别:" << (gender == MAN ? "男" : "女");
return des.str();
}
void Human::marry(Human* lover)
{
if (gender == lover->gender)
{
return;
}
this->lover = lover;
lover->lover = this;
}
void Human::divorce()
{
if (lover == NULL)
{
return;
}
lover->lover = NULL;
this->lover = NULL;
}
void Human::addFriend(Human* other)
{
friends.push_back(other);
}
void Human::delFriend(Human* other)
{
for (auto it = friends.begin(); it != friends.end();)
{
if (*it == other)
{
it = friends.erase(it);
}
else
{
it++;
}
}
}
三 项目练习三
- 定义一个或多个类，来描述以下需求：
汽车，有多个轮胎，一个发动机，品牌，型号, 价格， 行驶里程。
轮胎，有品牌，气压。
发动机，有品牌，型号。
//--------------- main.cpp --------------
#include <iostream>
#include "Car.h"
int main()
{
Car car("宝马", 7, 300000,"米其林", 2.5, "宝马",3.5);
cout << car.description() << endl;
return 0;
}
//--------------- Engine 类 -------------------
/* Engine.h */
#pragma once
#include <string>
using namespace std;
// 发动机类
class Engine
{
public:
Engine();
Engine(const string& brand, float version);
~Engine();
string description() const;
private:
string brand; // 品牌
float version; // 型号
};
/* Engine.cpp */
#include "Engine.h"
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
Engine::Engine()
{
brand = "";
version = 0;
}
Engine::Engine(const string& brand, float version)
{
this->brand = brand;
this->version = version;
}
Engine::~Engine()
{
cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;
}
string Engine::description() const
{
stringstream ret;
ret << "发动机(品牌:" << brand << " 型号:" << version << ")";
return ret.str();
}
//--------------- Tire 类 -------------------
/* Tire.h */
#pragma once
#include <string>
using namespace std;
// 轮胎类
class Tire
{
public:
Tire(const string& brand = "米其林", float pressure = 2.5);
~Tire();
string getBrand() const;
float getPressure() const;
string description() const;
private:
string brand; // 品牌
float pressure; // 胎压
};
/* Tire.cpp */
#include "Tire.h"
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
Tire::Tire(const string& brand, float pressure)
{
this->brand = brand;
this->pressure = pressure;
}
Tire::~Tire()
{
cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;
}
string Tire::getBrand() const
{
return brand;
}
float Tire::getPressure() const
{
return pressure;
}
string Tire::description() const
{
stringstream ret;
ret << "轮胎(品牌:" << brand << " 胎压:" << pressure << ")";
return ret.str();
}
//--------------- Car 类 -------------------
/* Car.h */
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include "Engine.h"
#include "Tire.h"
using namespace std;
class Car
{
public:
Car();
Car(const string& carBrand, float carVersion, int price,
const string& tireBrand, float tirePressure,
const string& engineBrand, float engineVersion);
~Car();
Engine getEngine() const;
const Tire* getTires(int i) const; //参数i：第几个轮胎
string getBrand() const;
float getVersion() const;
int getPrice() const;
int getMileage() const;
string description() const;
private:
Tire tires[4]; // 轮胎，这里是组合关系
Engine engine; // 发动机，这里是组合关系
string brand; // 汽车品牌
float version; // 汽车型号
int price; // 价格
int mileage; // 行驶里程
};
/* Car.cpp */
#include "Car.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
Car::Car()
{
}
Car::Car(const string& carBrand, float carVersion, int price,
const string& tireBrand, float tirePressure,
const string& engineBrand, float engineVersion)
:tires{ {tireBrand,tirePressure}, {tireBrand,tirePressure}, {tireBrand,tirePressure}, {tireBrand,tirePressure}},
engine(engineBrand, engineVersion)
{
this->brand = carBrand;
this->version = carVersion;
this->price = price;
this->mileage = 0;
}
Car::~Car()
{
cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;
}
Engine Car::getEngine() const
{
return engine;
}
const Tire* Car::getTires(int i) const
{
return &tires[i]; //这里是常函数，所以返回值类型也应该是常指针
}
string Car::getBrand() const
{
return brand;
}
float Car::getVersion() const
{
return version;
}
int Car::getPrice() const
{
return price;
}
int Car::getMileage() const
{
return mileage;
}
string Car::description() const
{
stringstream ret;
ret << "汽车(品牌:" << brand << " 型号:" << version << " 价格:" << price << " 行驶里程:" << mileage << ")" << endl
<< tires[0].description() << endl << engine.description() << endl;
return ret.str();
}
