xlwt设置Excel单元格style样式

python xlwt 设置单元格样式

1、使用xlwt中的Alignment来设置单元格的对齐方式

　　其中horz代表水平对齐方式，vert代表垂直对齐方式。

VERT_TOP = 0x00 上端对齐
VERT_CENTER = 0x01 居中对齐（垂直方向上）
VERT_BOTTOM = 0x02 低端对齐
HORZ_LEFT = 0x01 左端对齐
HORZ_CENTER = 0x02 居中对齐（水平方向上）
HORZ_RIGHT = 0x03 右端对齐

import xlwt
 
def run():
    wk = xlwt.Workbook()    # 新建一个表格
    sheet = wk.add_sheet('sheet1')    # 给表格新建一个名为 sheer1 的工作簿
    style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # 创建一个样式对象，初始化样式
    al = xlwt.Alignment()
    al.horz = 0x02      # 设置水平居中
    al.vert = 0x01      # 设置垂直居中
    style.alignment = al
    sheet.write(0, 0, '文本居中', style)
    wk.save('Test.xls')
 
run()

import xlwt
 
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii')
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet')
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 初始化样式
font = xlwt.Font() # 为样式创建字体
font.name = 'Times New Roman'
font.bold = True # 黑体
font.underline = True # 下划线
font.italic = True # 斜体字
style.font = font # 设定样式
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Unformatted value') # 不带样式的写入
 
worksheet.write(1, 0, 'Formatted value', style) # 带样式的写入
 
workbook.save('formatting.xls') # 保存文件

2、设置宽度

import xlwt
 
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0,'My Cell Contents')
 
# 设置单元格宽度
worksheet.col(0).width = 3333
workbook.save('cell_width.xls')

3、添加超链接

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("http://www.google.com";"Google")')) # Outputs the text "Google" linking to http://www.google.com
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

4、对其方式

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment
alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED
alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.alignment = alignment # Add Alignment to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

5、添加边框

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders
borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
    DASHED虚线
    NO_LINE没有
    THIN实线
 
# May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D.
borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.left_colour = 0x40
borders.right_colour = 0x40
borders.top_colour = 0x40
borders.bottom_colour = 0x40
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

6、设置背景颜色

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern
pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12
pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern
style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

7、实际应用带详细注释

Xlwt设置style样式

• 使用xlwt保存内容到excel的时候，可能有些格式需求，比如想要文字居中，想要单元格字体加粗，想要改变列宽等等
• 以下记录的是使用xlwt的style样式实现几个常用的单元格样式设置

import xlwt


# 为样式创建字体
def get_font():
    font = xlwt.Font()

    # 字体类型
    font.name = 'name Times New Roman'
    # 字体颜色
    font.colour_index = 4
    # 字体大小，11为字号，20为衡量单位
    font.height = 20 * 11
    # 字体加粗
    font.bold = False
    # 下划线
    font.underline = True
    # 斜体字
    font.italic = True

    return font


# 设置单元格对齐方式
def get_alignment():
    alignment = xlwt.Alignment()

    # 0x01(左端对齐)、0x02(水平方向上居中对齐)、0x03(右端对齐)
    alignment.horz = 0x02
    # 0x00(上端对齐)、 0x01(垂直方向上居中对齐)、0x02(底端对齐)
    alignment.vert = 0x01
    # 设置自动换行
    alignment.wrap = 1

    return alignment


# 设置边框
def get_borders():
    borders = xlwt.Borders()

    # 细实线:1，小粗实线:2，细虚线:3，中细虚线:4，大粗实线:5，双线:6，细点虚线:7
    # 大粗虚线:8，细点划线:9，粗点划线:10，细双点划线:11，粗双点划线:12，斜点划线:13
    borders.left = 1
    borders.right = 2
    borders.top = 3
    borders.bottom = 4
    borders.left_colour = 1
    borders.right_colour = 1
    borders.top_colour = 1
    borders.bottom_colour = 1

    return borders


# 主程序
def main():
    # 创建一个xlwt对象
    excel = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
    # 在excel文件中新建工作表
    sheet = excel.add_sheet('格式测试')

    # 设置列宽，一个中文等于两个英文等于两个字符，11为字符数，256为衡量单位
    sheet.write(0, 0, "Python")
    sheet.col(0).width = 25 * 256

    # 初始化样式
    style_font = xlwt.XFStyle()
    style_alignment = xlwt.XFStyle()
    style_borders = xlwt.XFStyle()

    # 获取设置字体格式
    style_font.font = get_font()
    # 获取设置对齐格式
    style_alignment.alignment = get_alignment()
    # 获取设置边框格式
    style_borders.borders = get_borders()

    # 将三种样式定义的格式作用与三个单元格
    sheet.write(1, 0, '字体样式', style_font)
    sheet.write(1, 2, '对齐方式', style_alignment)
    sheet.write(1, 4, '边框样式', style_borders)

    excel.save('../Data/excel/style.xls')


# 主程序入口
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()