AFNetworking 2.0（2.3.1）使用详解

在项目中使用AFNetworking最好的做法是使用Cocopods将三方框架集成到项目中。

使用方式：Podfile文件中键入如下内容即可。

platform :ios, '7.0' pod "AFNetworking", "~> 2.0"

下面进入正题：

AFNetworking Architecture（架构）

NSURLConnection

• AFURLConnectionOperation
• AFHTTPRequestOperation
• AFHTTPRequestOperationManager

NSURLSession (iOS 7 / Mac OS X 10.9)

• AFURLSessionManager
• AFHTTPSessionManager

Serialization

• <AFURLRequestSerialization>
  • AFHTTPRequestSerializer
  • AFJSONRequestSerializer
  • AFPropertyListRequestSerializer
• <AFURLResponseSerialization>
  • AFHTTPResponseSerializer
  • AFJSONResponseSerializer
  • AFXMLParserResponseSerializer
  • AFXMLDocumentResponseSerializer (Mac OS X)
  • AFPropertyListResponseSerializer
  • AFImageResponseSerializer
  • AFCompoundResponseSerializer

Additional Functionality

• AFSecurityPolicy
• AFNetworkReachabilityManager

各个类的简单说明及用法：

1. AFHTTPRequestOperationManager

封装与Web应用程序通过HTTP交互，包括请求的创建，响应序列化，网络可达性监控和安全，以及请求操作管理的常见沟通模式。

GET请求：

AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager]; 
[manager GET:@"http://example.com/resources.json" 
　　　　　 parameters:nil 
　　　　  success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) { NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject); } 
　　　　  failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"Error: %@", error); }];

 附带表单编码的POST请求

AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager]; 
NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar"}; 
[manager POST:@"http://example.com/resources.json" 
 　　　　   parameters:parameters 
 　　　　   success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) { NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject); } 
 　　　　   failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"Error: %@", error); }];

 POST MULTI-PART REQUEST（复杂的POST请求，如上传）

AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager]; 
NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar"}; 
NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];//上传的图片 
[manager POST:@"http://example.com/resources.json" 
 　　　　　　parameters:parameters constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) { [formData appendPartWithFileURL:filePath name:@"image" error:nil]; } 
 　　　　　　success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) { NSLog(@"Success: %@", responseObject); } 
 　　　　　　failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"Error: %@", error); }];

 2. AFURLSessionManager

创建了并管理基于一个指定的NSURLSessionConfiguration对象的NSURLSession对象，它与以下协议配合使用（<NSURLSessionTaskDelegate>,<NSURLSessionDataDelegate>, <NSURLSessionDownloadDelegate>,<NSURLSessionDelegate>）

创建一个下载任务

NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]; 
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration]; 
NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/download.zip"]; NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];  NSURLSessionDownloadTask *downloadTask = 
　　　　[manager downloadTaskWithRequest:request 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 progress:nil 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　destination:^NSURL *(NSURL *targetPath, NSURLResponse *response) 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　{ NSURL *documentsDirectoryURL = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory inDomain:NSUserDomainMask appropriateForURL:nil create:NO error:nil]; 
　　　　return [documentsDirectoryURL URLByAppendingPathComponent:[response suggestedFilename]]; } 
　　　　completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSURL *filePath, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"File downloaded to: %@", filePath); }]; 
[downloadTask resume];

 创建一个上传任务

NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]; 
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration]; 
NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"]; 
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL]; 
NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"]; 
NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromFile:filePath progress:nil completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) { if (error) { NSLog(@"Error: %@", error); } else { NSLog(@"Success: %@ %@", response, responseObject); } }]; 
[uploadTask resume];

 为一个复杂请求（MULTI-PART REQUEST）创建上传任务，并附带进度条

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://ex　　ample.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) { [formData appendPartWithFileURL　　:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.jpg"] name:@"file" fileName:@"filename.jpg" mimeType:@"image/jpeg" error:nil]; } 　　error:nil];
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessio　　nConfiguration]]; 
NSProgress *progress = nil; 
NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithStreamedRequest:request progress:&progress completionHandler:^(NSURLR　　esponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) { if (error) { NSLog(@"Error: %@", error); } else {         NSLog(@"%@ %@"　　, response, responseObject); } }]; 
[uploadTask resume];

 创建一个数据任务（Data Task）

NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]; 
AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration]; 
NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"]; 
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL]; //上传数据的任务 
NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [manager dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) { if (error) { NSLog(@"Error: %@", error); } else { NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject); } }]; 
[dataTask resume];

 3. 请求序列化

请求序列化器会根据提供的URL strings和请求参数pramaters去创建相应的查询请求或HTTP body（请求体），如：

NSString *URLString = @"http://example.com";
NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar", @"baz": @[@1, @2, @3]};
//查询GET“请求编码” 
[[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"GET" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters error:nil]; 
// GET http://example.com?foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3 
//查询POST表单提交请求编码 
[[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters]; 
/* POST http://example.com/ Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3 */ 
//查询JSON格式请求编码 
[[AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters]; 
/* POST http://example.com/ Content-Type: application/json {"foo": "bar", "baz": [1,2,3]} */

 4. AFNetworkReachabilityManager（网络监测管理器）

监测域名以及IP地址的畅通性，对于WWAN以及WiFi的网络接口都管用。单例形式检测网络畅通性

[[AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager] setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) { NSLog(@"Reachability: %@", AFStringFromNetworkReachabilityStatus(status)); }];

 使用HTTP管理网络畅通性（如果提供了一个基本的URL地址，那个基本URL网址的畅通性就会被仔细的监测着）

NSURL *baseURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/"]; 
AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [[AFHTTPRequestOperationManager alloc] initWithBaseURL:baseURL]; 
NSOperationQueue *operationQueue = manager.operationQueue; 
[manager.reachabilityManager setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) { 
switch (status) { 
case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN: 
case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi: 
[operationQueue setSuspended:NO]; 
break; 
case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable: 
default: 
[operationQueue setSuspended:YES];
 break; } 
}];

 5. AFSecurityPolicy（安全策略）应用程序在处理敏感的客户数据或财务信息时，强烈建议路使用有效的SSL HTTPS连接。允许无效的SSL证书

AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager]; 
manager.securityPolicy.allowInvalidCertificates = YES; 
// not recommended for production

 6. AFHTTPRequestOperation继承自AFURLConnectionOperation，使用HTTP以及HTTPS协议来处理网络请求。它封装成了状态码+内容类型，可用来判断请求成功或失败。尽管AFHTTPRequestOperationManager 目前是最好的用来处理网络请求的方式，但AFHTTPRequestOperation 也有它自己的用武之地。GET请求

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/resources/123.json"]; 
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL]; 
AFHTTPRequestOperation *op = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request]; 
op.responseSerializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];//提交JSON格式数据 
[op setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) { NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject); } 
　　failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"Error: %@", error); }]; 
[[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperation:op];

 批量操作（请求）

NSMutableArray *mutableOperations = [NSMutableArray array]; 
for (NSURL *fileURL in filesToUpload) { 
NSURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.　　com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) { [formData appendPartWithFileURL:fileU　　RL name:@"images[]" error:nil]; }]; 
AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request]; 
[mutableOperations addObject:operation]; 
} 
NSArray *operations = [AFURLConnectionOperation batchOfRequestOperations:@[...] 
progressBlock:^(NSUInteger numberOfFinishedOperations, NSUInteger totalNumberOfOperations) { NSLog(@"%lu of %lu complete", numbe　　rOfFinishedOperations, totalNumberOfOperations); } completionBlock:^(NSArray *operations) { NSLog(@"All operations in batch comp　　lete"); 
}]; 
[[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperations:operations waitUntilFinished:NO];