Windows 网络管理命令
本文列出一些常用的 Windows 网络管理命令。
ping
ping: 测试网络连接情况
-n
:要发送的回显请求数-t
:ping 主机直到中断-i
:生存时间ttl-6
:IPv6
$ ping 192.168.20.8 -n 3
Pinging 192.168.20.8 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.20.8: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.20.8: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.20.8: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Ping statistics for 192.168.20.8:
Packets: Sent = 3, Received = 3, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
网络信息查询
netstat
netstat: 协议统计和当前 TCP/IP 网络连接
-t
列出所有tcp连接-a
:显示所有连接和侦听端口-n
:以数字形式显示地址和端口号-o
:显示进程 ID-p proto
:显示指定的协议的连接,TCP、UDP、TCPv6 或 UDPv6-s
:显示每个协议的统计。默认情况下,显示IP、IPv6、ICMP、ICMPv6、TCP、TCPv6、UDP 和 UDPv6的统计信息,可使用-p
选项指定协议。-e
:显示以太网统计。此选项可以与 -s 选项结合使用。-r
:显示路由信息
$ netstat -ano -p tcp
Active Connections
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State PID
TCP 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 4896
TCP 0.0.0.0:135 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 1032
TCP 0.0.0.0:445 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 4
TCP 0.0.0.0:902 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 10388
TCP 0.0.0.0:912 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 10388
TCP 0.0.0.0:1080 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 11476
TCP 0.0.0.0:2425 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 7728
TCP 0.0.0.0:5040 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 7940
TCP 0.0.0.0:5357 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 4
查询5037端口占用:
$ netstat -ano | findstr 5037
TCP 0.0.0.0:5037 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING 34212
找到对应进程(也可以在任务管理器中查看):
$ tasklist | findstr 34212
adb.exe 34212 Console 1 10,692 K
通过PID或者进程名杀死进程:
$ taskkill -pid 34212 -f -t # taskkill /pid 34212 /f /t
$ taskkill -f -im adb.exe # taskkill /f /im adb.exe
网卡信息
$ ipconfig
$ ipconfig /all
$ netsh interface ipv4 show config
$ netsh interface ipv6 show config
$ wmic nic list brief
查看IP地址:
$ netsh interface ip show address WAN
Configuration for interface "WAN"
DHCP enabled: Yes
IP Address: 192.168.3.98
Subnet Prefix: 192.168.3.0/24 (mask 255.255.255.0)
Default Gateway: 192.168.3.252
Gateway Metric: 0
InterfaceMetric: 25
$
$ netsh interface ipv4 show dnsservers WAN
Configuration for interface "WAN"
DNS servers configured through DHCP: 192.168.3.252
Register with which suffix: Primary only
更多命令:
$ netsh interface ipv4 show /?
The following commands are available:
Commands in this context:
show addresses - Shows IP address configurations.
show compartments - Shows compartment parameters.
show config - Displays IP address and additional information.
show destinationcache - Shows destination cache entries.
show dnsservers - Displays the DNS server addresses.
show dynamicportrange - Shows dynamic port range configuration parameters.
show excludedportrange - Shows all excluded port ranges.
show global - Shows global configuration parameters.
show icmpstats - Displays ICMP statistics.
show interfaces - Shows interface parameters.
show ipaddresses - Shows current IP addresses.
show ipnettomedia - Displays IP net-to-media mappings.
show ipstats - Displays IP statistics.
show joins - Displays multicast groups joined.
show neighbors - Shows neighbor cache entries.
show offload - Displays the offload information.
show route - Shows route table entries.
show subinterfaces - Shows subinterface parameters.
show tcpconnections - Displays TCP connections.
show tcpstats - Displays TCP statistics.
show udpconnections - Displays UDP connections.
show udpstats - Displays UDP statistics.
show winsservers - Displays the WINS server addresses.
无线网卡信息:netsh wlan show interface
$ netsh wlan show interface
There is 1 interface on the system:
Name : WLAN 3
Description : Realtek 8832AU Wireless LAN WiFi 6 USB NIC
GUID : 96c31aeb-d8c6-4d28-8327-444aa5dd04f6
Physical address : c8:3a:35:c1:11:14
State : connected
SSID : test_5G
BSSID : 50:2b:73:c3:72:06
Network type : Infrastructure
Radio type : 802.11ax
Authentication : WPA2-Personal
Cipher : CCMP
Connection mode : Profile
Channel : 64
Receive rate (Mbps) : 1201
Transmit rate (Mbps) : 1201
Signal : 100%
Profile : test_5G
Hosted network status : Not available
断开无线WiFi:
$ netsh wlan disconnect
更多netsh wlan
命令:
$ netsh wlan /?
The following commands are available:
Commands in this context:
? - Displays a list of commands.
add - Adds a configuration entry to a table.
connect - Connects to a wireless network.
delete - Deletes a configuration entry from a table.
disconnect - Disconnects from a wireless network.
dump - Displays a configuration script.
export - Saves WLAN profiles to XML files.
help - Displays a list of commands.
IHV - Commands for IHV logging.
refresh - Refresh hosted network settings.
reportissues - Generate WLAN smart trace report.
set - Sets configuration information.
show - Displays information.
start - Start hosted network.
stop - Stop hosted network.
路由配置
route add [Destination] mask [netmask] [gw] metric [测量值]
- -p:添加永久路由
- Destination: 指定该路由的网络目标。
- mask:当添加一个网络路由时,需要使用网络掩码。
- gw:路由数据包通过网关。注意,你指定的网关必须能够达到。
- metric:设置路由跳数。
# ipv4
$ route -p add 23.23.23.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.97.60
route delete 23.23.23.0
# ipv6
$ netsh interface ipv6 add/del route 2001::/64 "Local Area Connection 2" 2001::2
查看路由表
$ netstat -r
$ route print
$ route print -4
$ route print -6
$ netsh interface ipv4 show route
$ netsh interface ipv6 show route
禁用启用网卡
$ netsh interface set interface eth0 disabled # 禁用网卡
$ netsh interface set interface name="接口名称" admin=DISABLE
$ netsh interface set interface eth0 enabled #启用网卡
$ netsh interface set interface name="接口名称" admin=ENABLE
$ netsh interface ipv6 set interface name="接口名称" disable/enable
$ netsh interface show interface #显示接口
通过python脚本自动化控制:
import os
os.popen('netsh interface set interface name="接口名称" admin=DISABLE')
释放、更新地址
# ipv4
$ ipconfig /release
$ ipconfig /renew
# ipv6
$ ipconfig /release6
$ ipconfig /renew6
添加、删除IP地址
# ipv4
$ netsh interface ip add address "本地连接" 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0
$ netsh interface ip delete address "本地连接" 192.168.1.100
## 设置静态IP地址
$ netsh interface ip set address name="eth1" source=static address=192.168.5.125 mask=255.255.255.0
# ipv6
$ netsh interface ipv6 delete address 本地连接 2001::1
$ netsh interface ipv6 add/del address 本地连接 2001::1
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