高维空间中,点的超平面的距离

首先来看看三维的:

如下图所示,在三维空间中,假设平面\(U=\{x \in R^3|0=W^T·x+b, b \in R, W \in R^2\}\),\(W\)\(U\)的法向量;平面外一点\(X\)\(U\)内一点\(X'\),那么\(X\)\(U\)的距离为:


$$ \begin{aligned} L &= |X-X'|·|cos \langle W,X-X' \rangle|\\ &= \frac{|W·(X-X')|}{|W|}\\ &= \frac{|W·X-W·X'|}{|W|}\\ \because 0 &= W^T·x+b, x \in U,X' \in U \\ \therefore L &= \frac{|W·X-W·X'|}{|W|}\\ &= \frac{|W·X+b|}{|W|} \end{aligned} $$

然后我们来看看高维的:

\(n\)维空间中,假设平面\(U=\{x \in R^n|0=W^T·x+b, b \in R, W \in R^n \}\),\(W\)\(U\)的法向量;平面外一点\(X \in R^n\)\(U\)内一点\(X'\),那么\(X\)\(U\)的距离为:

\[\begin{aligned} L &= \frac{|W·(X-X')|}{|W|} \\ \because 0 &= W^T·x+b, x \in U,X' \in U \\ \therefore L &= \frac{|W·X-W·X'|}{|W|}\\ &= \frac{|W·X+b|}{|W|} \end{aligned} \]

posted @ 2022-09-24 11:23  Hisi  阅读(168)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报