Linux 初始化

 

第一次写博客，主要是记录自己学习过程中的一些知识点，分析给大家，欢迎大家一起交流！

 

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1. 使用的环境主要是workstation，运行Linux虚拟机；

2. Linux版本：rocky Linux 8.6

3. 第一篇博客主要介绍的类容是对Linux虚拟机安装完成后，使用脚本自动化的初始化的工作：

 

vim init-setup.sh
#!/bin/bash
#

set -ue

ENS=`nmcli device show | grep "GENERAL.CONNECTION"`

hostnamectl --static set-hostname nodeX
echo "IPADDR=192.168.2.121" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ENS

sed -i "/BOOTPROTO=dhcp/c BOOTPROTO=none" /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ENS
sed -i "/ONBOOT=no/c ONBOOT=yes" /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ENS
echo "NETMASK=255.255.255.0" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ENS
echo "GATEWAY=192.168.2.1" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ENS
echo "DNS1=114.114.114.114" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ENS
echo "DNS2=223.5.5.5" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ENS

systemctl set-default multi-user.target

sed -i '/SELINUX=enforcing/c SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai

 

## 对旧的repo文件保留，不作删除

mkdir  /etc/yum.repos.d/bak

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*   /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/
############################################################################################

echo "[infra]
name=Centos_8 aliyun.com-infra-common
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/\$releasever/infra/\$basearch/infra-common/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0">> /etc/yum.repos.d/infra-common.repo

echo "[epel]
name=Centos_8 aliyun.com-epel
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/8/Everything/x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/epel8.repo

echo "[extras]
name=Centos_8 mirrors.aliyun.com-extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/\$releasever/extras/x86_64/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/extras.repo

## stream源；
echo "[core]
name=Centos_8 aliyun.com-core
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/core/\$basearch/centos-plus/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0">> /etc/yum.repos.d/core.repo

echo "[base]
name=Centos_8 aliyun.com-base
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0">> /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-AppStream.repo << EOF
[AppStream]
name=Centos_8 aliyun.com-AppStream
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/AppStream/\$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-centosplus.repo << EOF
[centosplus]
name=Centos_8 aliyun.com-Plush
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/centosplus/\$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Devel.repo << EOF
[Devel]
name=Centos_8 aliyun.com-Devel
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/Devel/\$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-HighAvailability.repo << EOF
[HighAvailability]
name=Centos_8 aliyun.com-HighAvailability
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/8-stream/HighAvailability/x86_64/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF

 

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-PowerTools.repo << EOF
[PowerTools]
name=Centos_8 aliyun.com-PowerTools
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/PowerTools/\$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF

### echo "[InstallMedia] ###光盘镜像基本用不上；
### name=Centos_8 media-sr0-cdrom
### baseurl=file:////media/BaseOS/
### enabled=1
### gpgcheck=0" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/media.repo

 

 

echo "blacklist i2c_piix4" > /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
############################################################################################

dnf -y install vim-enhanced chrony openssh-clients tcpdump tree net-tools lsof psmisc lrzsz man mtr bash-completion network-scripts wget mtr nmap htop tmux sysstat tmux man-pages glances

systemctl enable network
systemctl restart network

 

### bash-completion 补全增强-tab补全一切 net-tools里面有ifconfig工具 func, ### mailx 这个没什么用；
sleep 1
systemctl restart chronyd

sed -i '/net.ipv4.ip_forward=0/c net.ipv4.ip_forward=1/' /etc/sysctl.conf #打开转发功能;
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p #让上述配置生效

sed -i '/UseDNS/c UseDNS no' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i '/GSSAPIAuthentication/c GSSAPIAuthentication no' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i '/ask$/c StrictHostKeyChecking no' /etc/ssh/ssh_config ###交互式，免输入yes/no;
systemctl restart sshd

 

### CentOS7启动报 Host SMbus controller not enabled 错；
echo "blacklist i2c_piix4" > /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

 

### CentOS7启动报 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through 错误；
sed -i 's/rhgb//g' /etc/default/grub #去掉rhgb参数；
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

echo "alias cdnet='cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts'" >> /etc/profile.d/env.sh ###定义进入网卡设备目录；
echo 'export PS1="\[\e[35;40m\][\u@\h \w]\\$ \[\e[m\]"' >> /etc/profile.d/env.sh

 

 

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上面的脚本执行的时候，部分是没有幂等性的，可以根据自己需要，手动选择一部分一部分的执行。

欢迎大神提出优化建议