Oracle 传输表空间（Transportable Tablespaces）示例（二） -- 跨操作系统迁移表空间（endianness格式不同）

一.说明

之前整理的相关说明：

Oracle 跨操作系统迁移说明

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/7252788

Oracle 跨操作系统迁移说明

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/7252788

Oracle 传输表空间（TransportableTablespaces）示例（一） -- 跨操作系统迁移表空间（endianness格式相同）

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/7299283

先看一下endianness格式问题：

SQL> SELECT * FROM V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORM ORDER BY PLATFORM_NAME;

PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT

--------------------------------------------------- --------------

6 AIX-Based Systems (64-bit) Big

16 Apple Mac OS Big

21 Apple Mac OS (x86-64) Little

19 HP IA Open VMS Little

15 HP Open VMS Little

5 HP Tru64 UNIX Little

3 HP-UX (64-bit) Big

4 HP-UX IA (64-bit) Big

18 IBM Power Based Linux Big

9 IBM zSeries Based Linux Big

10 Linux IA (32-bit) Little

PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT

--------------------------------------------------- --------------

11 Linux IA (64-bit) Little

13 Linux x86 64-bit Little

7 Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit) Little

8 Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit) Little

12 Microsoft Windows x86 64-bit Little

17 Solaris Operating System (x86) Little

20 Solaris Operating System (x86-64) Little

1 Solaris[tm] OE (32-bit) Big

2 Solaris[tm] OE (64-bit) Big

20 rows selected.

从以上的结果显示，endian 格式是big的系统是AIX,HP-UNIX,Solaris等UNIX系统，而这些系统与硬件相关，所以不能模拟，所以这里直接引用MOS 上的一个示例：

10g : Transportable Tablespaces AcrossDifferent Platforms [ID 243304.1]

二. 示例

2.1. Check for restrictions

--检查TTS 使用限制

Review the"Limitations on Transportable Tablespace Use" section in Note371556.1.

Among otherthings, objects that reside in the SYSTEM tablespace and objects owned by SYSwill not be transported. This includes but is not limited to users, privileges,PL/SQL stored procedures, and views.

If you usespatial indexes, apply the solution in Note579136.1 "IMPDP TRANSPORTABLE TABLESPACE FAILS for SPATIALINDEX)" before continuing.

2.2. Prepare the database

--使用TTS 之前的准备工作

2.2.1 Check that thetablespace will be self-contained

SQL>execute sys.dbms_tts.transport_set_check('TBS1,TBS2', true);
SQL> select * from sys.transport_set_violations;

==>These violations must be resolved before the tablespaces can betransported。

--检查表空间的自包含，这一步必须验证通过才可以进行TTS 操作。

2.2.2 Set the tablespaceto READ ONLY

SQL> alter tablespace REPOSIT read only;
Tablespace altered.

--将要迁移的表空间设置为只读。

2.3. Export metadata

--在source 端（HP-UNIX）上导数表空间的meatdata

<HP-UX>

--使用exp

exp userid=\'/ as sysdba\'transport_tablespace=y
tablespaces=reposit
file=tts.dmp log=exp_tts.log
statistics=none

Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Mon Nov 26 11:49:49 2007
...

Note: table data (rows) will not be exported
About to export transportable tablespace metadata...
For tablespace REPOSIT ...
. exporting cluster definitions
. exporting table definitions
. . exporting table MTG_COL_DEP_CHG
. . exporting table MTG_DATABASES
....
. . exporting table SYBASE11_SYSUSERS
. exporting referential integrity constraints
. exporting triggers
. end transportable tablespace metadata export
Export terminated successfully without warnings.

Review the exportlog for warnings and errors and resolve issues before continuing. Failure to doso can result in data loss.

--也可以使用expdp：

Datapump can be used for that purpose too:

expdp \'/ as sysdba\' directory=tts_dumpdumpfile=tts1_dp.dmp logfile=tts_dump_log:tts.log
transport_tablespaces=tts_1,tts_2 transport_full_check=y

Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_02":system/******** directory=tts_datafile dumpfile=tts1.dmplogfile=tts_dump_log:tts.log transport
_tablespaces=tts_1,tts_2 transport_full_check=y
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_02" successfullyloaded/unloaded
***********************************************************************Dumpfile set for SYSTEM.SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_02 is:
+DATA/tts1.dmp
Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_02" successfullycompleted at 14:00:34

Movement of data and Enabling TTS

2.4. Check the endianness of the target database and convert,if necessary

--检查endianness 格式，如果需要则进行转换

2.4.1 Case 1: SameEndianness (Big->Big or Little->Little)

--endianness 格式相同

The source platform is Sun SPARC Solaris:endianness Big
The target platform is HP-UX (64-bit): endianness Big

SQL> select PLATFORM_ID , PLATFORM_NAMEfrom v$database;

          PLATFORM_IDPLATFORM_NAME
          -----------------------------------------
                   3 HP-UX (64-bit)

No conversion is needed for files that (1) do NOT contain UNDO/Rollback segmentsand (2) have a source and target OS with the same endianness.
Refer to Note.415884.1 "CrossPlatform Database Conversion with same Endian" to determine whichfiles contain UNDO/Rollback segments.

2.4.2 Case 2: DifferentEndianness (Big->Little or Little->Big)

--endianness 格式不同，则需要进行转换

The source platform is Microsoft WIndowsNT: endianness Little
The target platform is HP-UX (64-bit): endianness Big

If we move the files and import the tablespace:
--如果我们不转换，直接imp，则会报如下错误信息

. importing SYS's objects into SYS
IMP-00017: following statement failed with ORACLE error 1565:
"BEGINsys.dbms_plugts.beginImpTablespace('TBS_TTS',37,'SYS',1,0,8192,2,57"
"54175,1,2147483645,8,128,8,0,1,0,8,462754339,1,1,5754124,NULL,0,0,NULL,NULL"
"); END;"
IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1565 encountered
ORA-01565: error in identifying file'/database/db101b2/V101B2/datafile/reposit01.dbf'
ORA-27047: unable to read the header block of file
HP-UX Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 2
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_PLUGTS", line 1540
ORA-06512: at line 1
IMP-00000: Import terminated unsuccessfully

You have to convertthe files; the files can be converted on source OR on target :

--所以在开始TTS之前，必须先进行转换，这个转换可以在Source 端进行，也可以在target 端进行：

（1）locally on the SOURCE before theimport step so that the files are endian compatible:

--在Source 端进行转换：

rman target=/

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit
connected to target database: V101B2 (DBID=3287908659)

RMAN> convert tablespace 'REPOSIT'
2> to platform="Linux IA (32-bit)"
3> db_file_name_convert='/database/db101b2/V101B2/datafile/reposit01.dbf',
4> '/tmp/reposit01.dbf';

Starting backup at 26-NOV-07
using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=8 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile conversion
input datafile fno=00006 name=/database/db101b2/V101B2/datafile/reposit01.dbf
converted datafile=/tmp/reposit01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 26-NOV-07

The converted datafile is staged in /tmp directory until it is copied to thetarget server.

--转换之后的datafile存放在/tmp 目录下，我们把/tmp 目录下的datafile 拷贝到Target的对应目录。

（2）remotely on the target server after having copiedthem on the server.

--先将datafile从source 端拷贝到Target ，然后在Target 端进行转换

Conversion ontarget platform is a way forward when the v$transportable_platform of thesource does Not list the target platform.

When conversionis done on the target platform then CONVERT DATAFILE is used instead of CONVERTTABLESPACE, ie:

RMAN> CONVERT DATAFILE
'/database/db101b2/V101B2/datafile/reposit01.dbf'
TO PLATFORM="Linux IA (32-bit)"
FROM PLATFORM="HP TRu64 UNIX"
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT="/database/db101b2/V101B2/datafile/","/tmp/";

--注意这里的命令与在source 端有出入

2.5. Move datafiles and export dump file

$ftp tts.dmp
+
/database/db101b2/V101B2/datafile/reposit01.dbf (no conversion)

/tmp/reposit01.dbf (converted file ifconversion had been required)

2.6. Import metadata

--使用imp

$ imp userid=\'/ as sysdba\'TRANSPORT_TABLESPACE=Y
datafiles=/database/db101b2/V101B2/datafile/reposit01.dbf
(or /tmp/reposit01.dbf )
file=tts.dmp log=imp_tts.log

Import: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - on Mon Nov 26 03:37:20 2007

Export file created by EXPORT:V10.02.00 via conventional path
About to import transportable tablespace(s) metadata...
...
. importing SYS's objects into SYS
. importing OMWB's objects into OMWB
. . importing table "MTG_COL_DEP_CHG"
...
. . importing table "SYBASE11_SYSUSERS"
Import terminated successfully without warnings.

Review the import log for warnings and errors and resolve issues
before continuing. Failure to do so can result in data loss.

--使用expdp：

If we exported with DataPump, import mustbe done with that same tool:

impdp \'/ as sysdba\' directory=tts_dumpdumpfile=tts1_dp.dmp logfile=tts_dump_log:tts.log
transport_datafiles='/database/oradata/tts1_db1.dbf','/database/oradata/tts2_db1.dbf'

It's not possible to import when tablespace already exists or when targetschema is not created.
If users don't exist, DataPump provides an alternative by using remap_schema(for import utility we can create the schema), ie:
REMAP_SCHEMA=<source_user>:<target_user>

--如果impdp 的用户不存在，可以使用impdp 的remap_schema 参数来进行用户的转换。

If tablespace already exists in target, wecan use remap_tablespace parameter on impdp (there is no option in importbut rename tablespace at source or the existing one at target).
REMAP_TABLESPACE=(<source_tbs1>:<target_tbs1>,<source_tbs2>:<target_tbs2>,...)

--如果表空间在Target上已经存在，那么可以使用remap_tablespace 参数来进行表空间的转换。