1602自定义字符

1602自带了常用的ascii字符库，为方便用户自定义，1602里面也有8个可自定义的字符。这8个字符是通过设定CGRAM地址来实现的，如下图。

DB7DB6已经固定；DB5DB4DB3为8个字符的地址位；DB2DB1DB0为字模的地址（字模有5列，需要3位表示）。如果字模要显示‘c’如下图。

地址：01000000　　数据：00010000     图示:    ○○○■○○○○
　　　01000001　　　　　00000110                ○○○○○■■○
　　　01000010　　　　　00001001                ○○○○■○○■
　　　01000011　　　　　00001000                 ○○○○■○○○
　　　01000100　　　　　00001000                ○○○○■○○○
　　　01000101　　　　　00001001                ○○○○■○○■
　　　01000110　　　　　00000110                ○○○○○■■○
　　　01000111　　　　　00000000                ○○○○○○○○

下面是一段用自定义字符显示进度条的程序（arduino pro mini）。

硬件连接图：

int LCD1602_RS=12;
int LCD1602_RW=11;
int LCD1602_EN=10;
int DB[] = { 6, 7, 8, 9};
byte p1[8] = { 0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10};
byte p2[8] = { 0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18};
byte p3[8] = {0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x1c};
byte p4[8] = {0x1e,0x1e,0x1e,0x1e,0x1e,0x1e,0x1e,0x1e};
byte p5[8] = {0x1f,0x1f,0x1f,0x1f,0x1f,0x1f,0x1f,0x1f};
int num=0;


void setup (void)
{
    int i = 0;
    for (i=6; i <= 12; i++)
    {
        pinMode(i,OUTPUT);
    }
    delay(100);
    LCD_Command_Write(0x28);//4线 2行 5x7 
    delay(50);
    LCD_Command_Write(0x06);
    delay(50);
    LCD_Command_Write(0x0c);
    delay(50);
    LCD_Command_Write(0x80);
    delay(50);
    
    LCD_Command_Write(0x01);
    delay(50);
    
}

void loop (void)
{
    LCD_Command_Write(0x01);//清屏
    delay(50);
    
    for(int j=0;j<8;j++){LCD_Command_Write(0x40+j);LCD_Data_Write(p1[j]);}
    for(int j=0;j<8;j++){LCD_Command_Write(0x48+j);LCD_Data_Write(p2[j]);}
    for(int j=0;j<8;j++){LCD_Command_Write(0x50+j);LCD_Data_Write(p3[j]);}
    for(int j=0;j<8;j++){LCD_Command_Write(0x58+j);LCD_Data_Write(p4[j]);}
    for(int j=0;j<8;j++){LCD_Command_Write(0x60+j);LCD_Data_Write(p5[j]);}
    
    if(num==80)num=0;
    int b=0;
    int a;
    for(int i=0;i<=(num/5);i++)
    {
        int shi;
        int ge;
        int d;
        int dd;
        int bai;
        a = (num+1)*125;
        bai = a/10000;
        shi=(a-bai*10000)/1000;
        ge=(a-bai*10000-shi*1000)/100;
        d=(a-bai*10000-shi*1000-ge*100)/10;
        dd=a%10;
        if(bai)LCD_Write_Char(4,0,bai+48);//百位
        LCD_Write_Char(5,0,shi+48);//十位
        LCD_Write_Char(6,0,ge+48);//个位
        LCD_Write_Char(7,0,0x2e);//.
        LCD_Write_Char(8,0,d+48);//小数点后一位
        LCD_Write_Char(9,0,dd+48);//小数点后两位
        LCD_Write_Char(10,0,0x25);//%
        if(i<(num/5))b=4;
        if(i==(num/5))b=num%5;
        LCD_Write_Char(i,1,b);
        
    }
    delay(1000);
    num++;
    
    
}
void LCD_Command_Write(int command)//写命令
{
    int i,temp;
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_RS,LOW);
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_RW,LOW);
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,LOW);
    
    temp=command & 0xf0;
    for (i=DB[0]; i <= 9; i++)
    {
        digitalWrite(i,temp & 0x80);
        temp <<= 1;
    }
    
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(1);
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,LOW);
    
    temp=(command & 0x0f)<<4;
    for (i=DB[0]; i <= 9; i++)
    {
        digitalWrite(i,temp & 0x80);
        temp <<= 1;
    }
    
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(1);
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,LOW);
}

void LCD_Data_Write(int dat)//写数据
{
    int i=0,temp;
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_RS,HIGH);
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_RW,LOW);
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,LOW);
    
    temp=dat & 0xf0;
    for (i=DB[0]; i <= 9; i++)
    {
        digitalWrite(i,temp & 0x80);
        temp <<= 1;
    }
    
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(1);
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,LOW);
    
    temp=(dat & 0x0f)<<4;
    for (i=DB[0]; i <= 9; i++)
    {
        digitalWrite(i,temp & 0x80);
        temp <<= 1;
    }
    
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(1);
    digitalWrite( LCD1602_EN,LOW);
}

void LCD_SET_XY( int x, int y )//设置显示位置
{
    int address;
    if (y ==0)    address = 0x80 + x;
    else          address = 0xC0 + x;
    LCD_Command_Write(address);
}

void LCD_Write_Char( int x,int y,int dat)//写字符
{
    LCD_SET_XY( x, y );
    LCD_Data_Write(dat);
}

void LCD_Write_String(int X,int Y,char *s)//写字符串
{
    LCD_SET_XY( X, Y );    //设置地址
    while (*s)             //写字符串
    {
        LCD_Data_Write(*s);
        s ++;
    }
}

效果图如下：