UE构建基础和实践：四、使用脚本打包

序言

使用UE版本为UE5.20
在实际项目中，我们常常使用自动化脚本来进行构建，它可以增加我们的生产效率，并降低人为操作带来的失误风险。

BuildGraph

BuildGraph UE官方提供的构建脚本系统，它可以读取对应的XML脚本实现自动化打包。
BuildGraph相关的参考BuildGraph | UE文档
重点是它相关的语法

自动化脚本

自动化脚本我打算使用(.bat / .sh)“壳”文件作为入口，运行py脚本并拉起运行BuildGraph命令的UAT，并且设定相关的参数。

Build.bat

python3 Build.py

运行该目录的py脚本

Build.py

import sys
import os

def main(argv):
    ProjectName             = "BuildTest"
    ProjectDir              = r"E:/AllProject/UE_5_2_0/BuildTest/"
    Platform                = "Android"
    ClientConfig            = "Development"
    OutputDir               = r"E:/AllProject/UE_5_2_0/BuildTest/PakOutputX"
    SkipBuildProject        = "true"
    SkipBuildEditor         = "true"
    Unrealexe               = r"E:\UE\UE_4.27_Source\UnrealEngine\Engine\Binaries\Win64\UnrealEditor-Cmd.exe "
    EditorIOPort            = "54689"

    cmd = f"-set:ProjectName={ProjectName} -set:ProjectDir={ProjectDir} -set:Platform={Platform}" \
            f" -set:ClientConfig={ClientConfig} -set:OutputDir={OutputDir} -set:SkipBuildProject={SkipBuildProject}" \
                f" -set:SkipBuildEditor={SkipBuildEditor} -set:Unrealexe={Unrealexe} -set:EditorIOPort={EditorIOPort}"


    fileDir     = r"E:\UE\UE_4.27_Source\UnrealEngine\Engine\Build\BatchFiles\RunUAT.bat"
    target      = "MyBuild"
    script      = r"E:\AllProject\UE_5_2_0\BuildTest\BuildTools\Build.xml"

    cmd = f"{fileDir} BuildGraph -Script={script} -Target={target} {cmd}"

    print(f"cmd: {cmd}")

    ret = os.system(cmd)

    if ret == 0:
        print(f"run build ret val = {ret}")
    else:
        raise Exception("project build faild!")
        pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main(sys.argv[1:])
    input("press any to close")

这个py主要是拼接了参数到命令里面，方便配置命令。命令拼接好后拉起RunUAT.bat运行BuildGraph命令并传递命令参数。

注意target是我们后面Build.xml脚本里的MyBuild那个Agent

cmd: 打印了拼接的命令。

BuildGraph脚本Build.xml

<?xml version='1.0' ?>
<BuildGraph xmlns="http://www.epicgames.com/BuildGraph" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.epicgames.com/BuildGraph ../../Engine/Build/Graph/Schema.xsd">
    <!-- Base Options -->
    <Option Name="ProjectName"         DefaultValue=""                Description="project path like D:\UEProj\BuildTest\BuildTest.uproject" />
    <Option Name="ProjectDir"          DefaultValue=""                Description="for run BuildGraph scripts uproject, same as ProjectPath usually" />
    <Option Name="Platform"            DefaultValue=""                Description="target platform like Windows, Android, IOS and so on"/>
    <Option Name="ClientConfig"        DefaultValue="Development"     Description="config like Debug, Development, Shipping" />
    <Option Name="OutputDir"           DefaultValue=""                Description="" />
    <Option Name="SkipBuildProject"    DefaultValue="true"            Description="skip build project default = true" />
    <Option Name="SkipBuildEditor"     DefaultValue="true"            Description="skip build editor default = true " />
    <Option Name="Unrealexe"           DefaultValue=""                Description="like UnrealEngine\Engine\Binaries\Win64\UnrealEditor-Cmd.exe" />
    <Option Name="EditorIOPort"        DefaultValue="64752"           Description="ensure the port unuse" />


    <!-- Advance Options-->
    <Option Name="WithClean"           DefaultValue="false"           Description="clean before build" />
    <Option Name="WithCook"            DefaultValue="true"            Description="cook assets" />

    <Property Name="ProjectFullName"   Value="$(ProjectDir)$(ProjectName).uproject" />
    
    <!-- Base -->
    <Property Name="BaseCmd"           Value="-project=$(ProjectFullName) -ScriptsForProject=$(ProjectFullName)" />

    <!-- Check SDK Command -->
    <Property Name="CheckSDKCmd"       Value="Turnkey -command=VerifySdk -platform=Android -UpdateIfNeeded"            If="$(Platform) == Android" />

    <!-- Editor IO Command -->
    <Property Name="EditorIOCmd"       Value="-EditorIO -EditorIOPort=$(EditorIOPort)" />

    <!-- Sub Command -->
    <Property Name="CleanCmd"          Value="" />
    <Property Name="CleanCmd"          Value="-clean"                                              If="$(WithClean)" />

    <Property Name="HeadCmd"           Value="BuildCookRun -project=$(ProjectFullName) -target=BuildTest -platform=$(Platform)" />
    <Property Name="HeadCmd"           Value="$(HeadCmd) -cookflavor=ASTC"                         If="$(Platform) == Android" />
    <Property Name="HeadCmd"           Value="$(HeadCmd) -prereqs -nop4 -utf8output -Unrealexe=$(Unrealexe)" />

    <Property Name="BuildCmd"          Value="-build -clientconfig=$(ClientConfig)" />
    <Property Name="BuildCmd"          Value="$(BuildCmd) -nocompile -nocompileuat"                If="$(SkipBuildProject)" />
    <Property Name="BuildCmd"          Value="$(BuildCmd) -nocompileeditor -skipbuildeditor"       If="$(SkipBuildEditor)" />

    <Property Name="CookCmd"           Value="-cook -iostore -compressed" />
    <Property Name="CookCmd"           Value="$(BuildCmd) -skipcook"                               If="$(WithCook) == false" />


    <Property Name="PakCmd"            Value="-pak" />

    <Property Name="StageCmd"          Value="-stage" />

    <Property Name="PackageCmd"        Value="-package" />

    <Property Name="ArchiveCmd"        Value="-archive -archivedirectory=$(OutputDir)" />

    <!-- Client Command -->
    <Property Name="ClientCmd"         Value="$(BaseCmd) $(CheckSDKCmd) $(EditorIOCmd) $(HeadCmd) $(BuildCmd) $(CookCmd) $(PakCmd) $(StageCmd) $(PackageCmd) $(ArchiveCmd)" />

    <!-- Build -->
    <Agent Name="MyBuild"       Type="BuildOnWindows">
        <Node Name="MyBuildNode">
            <Log Message="BuildCookRun with arguments： $(ClientCmd)" />
            <Command Name="BuildCookRun"        Arguments="$(ClientCmd)" />
        </Node>
    </Agent>

</BuildGraph>

这个脚本就是进行根据条件拼接BuildCookRun的UAT命令，它的参数可以在上一章的使用UAT打包构建的命令中找到（也可以参考后面示例的输出日志）。
BuildGraph 的命令的Target是MyBuild，MyBuild执行了BuildCookRun这个Command并把拼接命令传递过去。

日志和执行结果

日志

圈出的地方分别是py和Build.xml输出的命令行

执行结果

结语

• 在打包的时候使用BuildGraph这一步不是必须的，完全可以直接使用py拼接BuildCookRun的命令，拉起UAT执行。不过BuildGraph在构建Editor时因为有现成的脚本会更方便些。
• 这是在UE5.20环境下测试的，在UE4上应该是大同小异的
• 这个是基于基本打包命令实现的，实际生产环境会控制更多的参数以及其他一些定制化的修改