上机作业五 磁盘配额 2019 7 2
1．为主机增加80G SCSI 接口硬盘
关机
添加一块80G 接口为SGSI的硬盘
开机
2．划分三个各20G的主分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
分区号 (1-4，默认 1)：
起始 扇区 (2048-167772159，默认为 2048)：
将使用默认值 2048
Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-167772159，默认为 167772159)：+20G
分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 20 GiB
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
分区号 (2-4，默认 2)：
起始 扇区 (41945088-167772159，默认为 41945088)：
将使用默认值 41945088
Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (41945088-167772159，默认为 167772159)：+20G
分区 2 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 20 GiB
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
分区号 (3,4，默认 3)：
起始 扇区 (83888128-167772159，默认为 83888128)：
将使用默认值 83888128
Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (83888128-167772159，默认为 167772159)：+20G
分区 3 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 20 GiB
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
正在同步磁盘。
3．将三个主分区转换为物理卷（pvcreate），扫描系统中的物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc[123]
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdc2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdc3" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [39.51 GiB / 44.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sde2 VG gl1 lvm2 [10.00 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sde3 VG gl1 lvm2 [10.00 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sde1 VG gl1 lvm2 [10.00 GiB / 4.99 GiB free]
PV /dev/sdc2 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdc1 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdc3 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
Total: 7 [129.50 GiB] / in use: 4 [69.50 GiB] / in no VG: 3 [60.00 GiB]
4．使用两个物理卷创建卷组，名字为myvg，查看卷组大小
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdc[12]
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay myvg
--- Volume group ---
VG Name myvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 39.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 10238
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 10238 / 39.99 GiB
VG UUID 6afFRZ-0WIZ-cDnM-fkId-Miew-lG77-IPK71o
5．创建逻辑卷mylv，大小为30G
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L +30G -n mylv myvg
Logical volume "mylv" created.
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay /dev/myvg/mylv
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv
LV Name mylv
VG Name myvg
LV UUID 4sEUaj-zVaG-yTAz-VKbc-TJZ8-PseK-wiiISk
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-08-01 17:01:31 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 30.00 GiB
Current LE 7680
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:3
6．将逻辑卷格式化成xfs文件系统，并挂载到/data目录上，创建文件测试
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/myvg/mylv
meta-data=/dev/myvg/mylv isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=1966080 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0 finobt=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=7864320, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=3840, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv /data
7．增大逻辑卷到35G
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +5G /dev/myvg/mylv
Size of logical volume myvg/mylv changed from 30.00 GiB (7680 extents) to 35.00 GiB (8960 extents).
Logical volume mylv successfully resized
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay /dev/myvg/mylv
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/myvg/mylv
LV Name mylv
VG Name myvg
LV UUID 4sEUaj-zVaG-yTAz-VKbc-TJZ8-PseK-wiiISk
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-08-01 17:01:31 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 35.00 GiB
Current LE 8960
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:3
[root@localhost ~]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 38G 8.7G 29G 24% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 985M 0 985M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 994M 80K 994M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 994M 8.9M 985M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 994M 0 994M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdb1 ext4 4.8G 20M 4.6G 1% /data1
/dev/sdb2 xfs 5.0G 33M 5.0G 1% /data2
/dev/sdb3 vfat 5.0G 4.0K 5.0G 1% /data3
/dev/sda1 xfs 497M 107M 391M 22% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv xfs 30G 33M 30G 1% /data
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/myvg/mylv
meta-data=/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=1966080 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0 finobt=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=7864320, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=3840, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 7864320 to 9175040
[root@localhost ~]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 38G 8.7G 29G 24% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 985M 0 985M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 994M 80K 994M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 994M 8.9M 985M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 994M 0 994M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdb1 ext4 4.8G 20M 4.6G 1% /data1
/dev/sdb2 xfs 5.0G 33M 5.0G 1% /data2
/dev/sdb3 vfat 5.0G 4.0K 5.0G 1% /data3
/dev/sda1 xfs 497M 107M 391M 22% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv xfs 35G 33M 35G 1% /data
8．编辑/etc/fstab文件挂载逻辑卷，并支持磁盘配额选项
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/myvg/mylv /data xfs defaults,usrquota,grpquota 0 0
9．创建磁盘配额，crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件大小软限制为80M，硬限制为100M，
crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件数量软限制为80个，硬限制为100个。
[root@localhost ~]# quotacheck -vug /data
quotacheck: Skipping /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv [/data]
quotacheck: Cannot find filesystem to check or filesystem not mounted with quota option.
[root@localhost ~]# quotaon -uv /data
quotaon: Enforcing user quota already on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
[root@localhost ~]# edquota -u crushinux
Disk quotas for user crushinux (uid 2004):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv 12 81920 102400 7 80 100
10．使用touch dd 命令在/data目录下测试
[crushinux@localhost ~]$ touch b
[crushinux@localhost ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=./b bs=1M count=100
dd: 写入"./b" 出错: 超出磁盘限额
记录了100+0 的读入
记录了99+0 的写出
104837120字节(105 MB)已复制，0.172647 秒，607 MB/秒
11．查看配额的使用情况：用户角度
[crushinux@localhost ~]$ quota
Disk quotas for user a (uid 2004):
Filesystem blocks quota limit grace files quota limit grace
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
92176* 80000 1024000 none 13 80 100
92176* 80000 1024000 none 13 80 100
12．查看配额的使用情况：文件系统角度
[root@localhost tom]# repquota -auvs
*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days
Space limits File limits
User used soft hard grace used soft hard grace
----------------------------------------------------------------------
root -- 0K 0K 0K 6 0 0
crushinux -- 12K 81920K 100M 7 80 100
*** Status for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Accounting: ON; Enforcement: ON
Inode: #136 (2 blocks, 2 extents
