MVC自定义数据验证（两个时间的比较）
Model:
public class ModelDateTime
{
private const string strErrorNotNull = "*必填项";
[DisplayName("开始时间")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = strErrorNotNull)]
public DateTime StartDate { get; set; }
[DisplayName("结束时间")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = strErrorNotNull)]
[DateTimeNotLessThan("StartDate", "开始时间")]//这个是自定义的数据验证
public DateTime EndDate { get; set; }
}
自定义的数据验证类：
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = true)]
public class DateTimeNotLessThan : ValidationAttribute, IClientValidatable
{
private const string DefaultErrorMessage = "{0} 不得小于 {1}.";
public string OtherProperty { get; private set; }
private string OtherPropertyName { get; set; }
public DateTimeNotLessThan(string otherProperty, string otherPropertyName)
: base(DefaultErrorMessage)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(otherProperty))
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("otherProperty");
}
OtherProperty = otherProperty;
OtherPropertyName = otherPropertyName;
}
public override string FormatErrorMessage(string name)
{
return string.Format(ErrorMessageString, name, OtherPropertyName);
}
protected override ValidationResult IsValid(object value, ValidationContext validationContext)
{
if (value != null)
{
var otherProperty = validationContext.ObjectInstance.GetType().GetProperty(OtherProperty);
var otherPropertyValue = otherProperty.GetValue(validationContext.ObjectInstance, null);
DateTime dtThis = Convert.ToDateTime(value);
DateTime dtOther = Convert.ToDateTime(otherPropertyValue);
if (dtThis<dtOther)
{
return new ValidationResult(FormatErrorMessage(validationContext.DisplayName));
}
}
return ValidationResult.Success;
}
public IEnumerable<ModelClientValidationRule> GetClientValidationRules(
ModelMetadata metadata,
ControllerContext context)
{
var clientValidationRule = new ModelClientValidationRule()
{
ErrorMessage = FormatErrorMessage(metadata.GetDisplayName()),
ValidationType = "notlessthan"//这里是核心点
};
clientValidationRule.ValidationParameters.Add("otherproperty", OtherProperty);
return new[] { clientValidationRule };
}
}
Server端验证
自定义Server端的validation属性，需要继承自ValidationAttribute，主要方法就是重载IsValid方法。IsValid的方法有两个;
IsValid(Object value)
IsValid(Object value, ValidationContext validationContext)
第一个是比较常用的方法，即取到当前field的值；第二个比较特殊，它还传送了这个field的上下文，通过这个上下文，可以取到这个class中的其他field，例如：
var otherProperty = validationContext.ObjectInstance.GetType().GetProperty(OtherProperty);
Client验证
Client验证主要是个这个field添加验证规则的名称和传递一系列的参数，然后将这个属性添加到前台的html元素中，结合javascript来进行客户端的验证。要自定义Client端的验证规则，需继承IClientValidatable接口。
实现方法：
public IEnumerable<ModelClientValidationRule> GetClientValidationRules(ModelMetadata metadata, ControllerContext context)
这个方法的返回值是可枚举的ModelClientValidationRule；换言之，这是个获取客户端验证规则的接口，自定义验证规则，需要从ModelClientValidationRule继承派生类。
ModelClientValidationRule有3个重要的property:
- ErrorMessage : String
- ValidationParameters : IDictionary<String, Object>
- ValidationType : String
ValidationParameters，是一个hash表，key就是参数的名称，value中存参数的值；
ValidationType，这个东西是和前台的javascript相对应的，.NET MVC3默认用的是jQuery.validation，所以ValidationType的值还需要和其中的验证方法相对应，在自定义验证规则后，还需要在前台添加对应的javascript，将自定义的验证的方法加入了jQuery.validation插件中。
前台的JS代码：
(function ($) {
$.validator.addMethod("notlessthan", function (value, element, params) {
if (!this.optional(element)) {
var otherProp = $('#' + params)
return (otherProp.val() < value);
}
return true;
});
$.validator.unobtrusive.adapters.addSingleVal("notlessthan", "otherproperty");
} (jQuery));
Html的代码@using (Html.BeginForm()){
<div>
<div>
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.StartDate):
@Html.TextBox("StartDate","", new { @class = "njt-datetime-minute-picker Wdate" })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.StartDate)
</div>
<div>
@Html.LabelFor(model => model.EndDate):
@Html.TextBox("EndDate","", new { @class = "njt-datetime-minute-picker Wdate" })
@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.EndDate)
</div>
<p><input type="submit" value="提交" /></p>
</div>
}
//两个以上字段比较
//前台
$.validator.addMethod("notlessthan", function (value, element, params) {
if (!this.optional(element)) {
var otherProp = $('#' + params[0]).val();
var otherprop1 = $('#' + params[0]).val();
return (otherProp.val() < value< otherprop1 );
}
return false;
});
$.validator.unobtrusive.adapters.addSingleVal("notlessthan", "otherproperty"); 换成下面的这一段已数组的形式写入
$.validator.unobtrusive.adapters.add("notlessthan", ["otherproperty", "otherproperty1"], function (options) {
options.rules["notlessthan"] = [options.params["otherproperty"], options.params["otherproperty1"]];
if (options.message) {
options.messages["notlessthan"] = options.message;
}
})
后台多添加一个参数
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = true)]
public class DateTimeNotLessThan : ValidationAttribute, IClientValidatable
{
private const string DefaultErrorMessage = "{0} 不得小于 {1}.";
public string OtherProperty { get; private set; }
private string OtherPropertyName { get; set; }
private string OtherProperty1 { get; set; }
public DateTimeNotLessThan(string otherProperty, string otherPropertyName, string otherProperty1)
: base(DefaultErrorMessage)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(otherProperty))
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("otherProperty");
}
OtherProperty = otherProperty;
OtherPropertyName = otherPropertyName;
OtherProperty1 = otherProperty1;
}
public override string FormatErrorMessage(string name)
{
return string.Format(ErrorMessageString, name, OtherPropertyName);
}
protected override ValidationResult IsValid(object value, ValidationContext validationContext)
{
if (value != null)
{
var otherProperty = validationContext.ObjectInstance.GetType().GetProperty(OtherProperty);
var otherPropertyValue = otherProperty.GetValue(validationContext.ObjectInstance, null);
var EndDate1 = validationContext.ObjectInstance.GetType().GetProperty(OtherProperty1).GetValue(validationContext.ObjectInstance, null);
DateTime dtThis = Convert.ToDateTime(value);
DateTime dtOther = Convert.ToDateTime(otherPropertyValue);
if ((dtThis < dtOther) && EndDate1 != null)
{
return new ValidationResult(FormatErrorMessage(validationContext.DisplayName));
}
}
return ValidationResult.Success;
}
public IEnumerable<ModelClientValidationRule> GetClientValidationRules(
ModelMetadata metadata,
ControllerContext context)
{
var clientValidationRule = new ModelClientValidationRule()
{
ErrorMessage = FormatErrorMessage(metadata.GetDisplayName()),
ValidationType = "notlessthan"//这里是核心点
};
clientValidationRule.ValidationParameters.Add("otherproperty", OtherProperty);
clientValidationRule.ValidationParameters.Add("otherproperty1", OtherProperty1);
return new[] { clientValidationRule };
}
}
//实体类
private const string strErrorNotNull = "*必填项";
[DisplayName("开始时间")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = strErrorNotNull)]
public DateTime StartDate { get; set; }
[DisplayName("结束时间")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = strErrorNotNull)]
[DateTimeNotLessThan("StartDate", "开始时间", "EndDate1")]//这个是自定义的数据验证
public DateTime EndDate { get; set; }
public DateTime? EndDate1 { get; set; }
