【Elasticsearch/CURL】CURL访问ES常用语句之一--CRUD
注：下文中-u elastic:123456是为了适应本机设上了密码的ES，如读者的没有设置，那么请忽略这部分内容。
【查看索引信息】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
反馈：
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green open .security-7 c3ozcN3FRAyYEgn2V21ypA 1 0 7 0 25.7kb 25.7kb
【显示node节点信息】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v'
反馈：
ip heap.percent ram.percent cpu load_1m load_5m load_15m node.role master name 192.168.32.130 48 93 3 0.00 0.10 0.13 cdhilmrstw * node-1
【查看集群健康状况】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/health?v'
反馈：
epoch timestamp cluster status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent 1650113556 12:52:36 liangshan green 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 - 100.0%
以上三个命令都是非业务相关，只关注业务的可以先跳过。
【CRUD之插数据】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/1?pretty' -d' {"name":"songjiang","age":"45","salary":"100000","hire-date":"2002-1-1T12:12:12","title":"boss"}'
反馈：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "1", "_version" : 1, "result" : "created", "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 1, "failed" : 0 }, "_seq_no" : 0, "_primary_term" : 1 }
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/2?pretty' -d' {"name":"wuyong","age":"44","salary":"90000","hire-date":"2001-1-1T12:12:12","title":"manager"}'
反馈：
"_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_version" : 1, "result" : "created", "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 1, "failed" : 0 }, "_seq_no" : 1, "_primary_term" : 1 }
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/3?pretty' -d' {"name":"likui","age":"43","salary":"80000","hire-date":"2000-1-1T12:12:12","title":"killer","skill":"axe-wing"}'
反馈：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_version" : 1, "result" : "created", "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 1, "failed" : 0 }, "_seq_no" : 4, "_primary_term" : 1 }
通过以上三次插值操作，就给梁山公司添加了三名雇员：宋江、吴用和李逵。
【CRUD之找出全部雇员】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty'
反馈：
{ "took" : 940, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 3, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "songjiang", "age" : "45", "salary" : "100000", "hire-date" : "2002-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "boss" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "wuyong", "age" : "44", "salary" : "90000", "hire-date" : "2001-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "manager" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
【CRUD之按名称找雇员】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?q=name:likui&pretty'
反馈：
{ "took" : 110, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.9808291, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 0.9808291, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
可以看到，还真把逵子找出来了。
按名称查询的另一种方式：
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "match":{ "name":"likui" } } }'
反馈：
{ "took" : 12, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.9808291, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 0.9808291, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
这样也可找出逵子。
【CRUD之按年龄过滤】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "bool":{ "filter":{ "range":{ "age":{"gt":"43"} } } } } }'
反馈：
{ "took" : 67, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 2, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.0, "_source" : { "name" : "songjiang", "age" : "45", "salary" : "100000", "hire-date" : "2002-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "boss" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 0.0, "_source" : { "name" : "wuyong", "age" : "44", "salary" : "90000", "hire-date" : "2001-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "manager" } } ] } }
想找43岁以上员工，于是45岁的宋江和44岁的吴用就被找出来了，43的逵子自然不在列。
【CRUD之按id找出数据】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/3?pretty'
反馈：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_version" : 2, "_seq_no" : 7, "_primary_term" : 1, "found" : true, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } }
命令目的是查找李逵，还真找到了。
【CRUD之 按名字查找】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?q=name:likui&pretty'
反馈:
{ "took" : 638, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.9808291, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 0.9808291, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
【CRUD之按技能查找】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?q=skill:axe-wing&pretty'
反馈：
{ "took" : 36, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.5753642, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 0.5753642, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
只有李逵一人有技能，名为旋风斧，还真找到了。
【CRUD之按年龄范围查找】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "range":{ "age":{"from":"43","to":"44"} } } }'
反馈：
{ "took" : 45, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 2, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "wuyong", "age" : "44", "salary" : "90000", "hire-date" : "2001-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "manager" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
43是李逵，44是吴用，还真找到了这两人。
【CRUD之按薪水范围查找】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "range":{ "salary":{"from":"75000","to":"85000"} } } }'
输出：
{ "took" : 11, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
薪水在七万五到八万之间的只有逵子，还真给找出来了。
【CRUD之删除记录】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XDELETE 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/2?pretty'
反馈：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_version" : 5, "result" : "deleted", "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 1, "failed" : 0 }, "_seq_no" : 8, "_primary_term" : 1 }
确认是否删除掉了：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/2?pretty'
反馈：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "found" : false }
【全文搜索之匹配】
这种模式能拆分短语，然后进行匹配。
首先我们需要创建三条数据：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/4?pretty' -d' {"name":"linchong","age":"42","salary":"70000","hire-date":"1999-1-1T12:12:12","title":"clerk","interest":"rock climbming"}' curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/5?pretty' -d' {"name":"wusong","age":"41","salary":"60000","hire-date":"1998-1-1T12:12:12","title":"clerk","interest":"hunting"}' curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/6?pretty' -d' {"name":"huarong","age":"40","salary":"50000","hire-date":"1997-1-1T12:12:12","title":"clerk","interest":"rock discovery"}'
然后找兴趣为攀岩的，命令是：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "match":{ "interest":"rock climbming" } } }'
反馈是：
{ "took" : 243, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 2, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.2832261, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "4", "_score" : 1.2832261, "_source" : { "name" : "linchong", "age" : "42", "salary" : "70000", "hire-date" : "1999-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "clerk", "interest" : "rock climbming" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "6", "_score" : 0.4889865, "_source" : { "name" : "huarong", "age" : "40", "salary" : "50000", "hire-date" : "1997-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "clerk", "interest" : "rock discovery" } } ] } }
可以看到，林冲和花荣都被找出来了，他们按相关性高低排序，林冲得分1.28，他的兴趣与查询关键词匹配度较高；花荣得分0.48，他的兴趣只与关键词有部分匹配。
这种查询方式在传统数据库上实现起来已经很困难了。
【全文检索之短语匹配】
这种模式不进行关键词拆分，而是去看全文中包含完整短语的匹配。
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "match_phrase":{ "interest":"rock discovery" } } }'
反馈：
{ "took" : 31, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.7466557, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "6", "_score" : 1.7466557, "_source" : { "name" : "huarong", "age" : "40", "salary" : "50000", "hire-date" : "1997-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "clerk", "interest" : "rock discovery" } } ] } }
结果花荣被找出来了。
【高亮搜索】
首先我们更新一下花荣的数据：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/6?pretty' -d' {"name":"huarong","age":"40","salary":"50000","hire-date":"1997-1-1T12:12:12","title":"clerk","interest":"He likes rock discovery on spare time."}'
高亮搜索命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "match_phrase":{ "interest":"rock discovery" } }, "highlight":{ "fields":{ "interest":{} } } }'
反馈:
{ "took" : 493, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.8474333, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "6", "_score" : 0.8474333, "_source" : { "name" : "huarong", "age" : "40", "salary" : "50000", "hire-date" : "1997-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "clerk", "interest" : "He likes rock discovery on spare time." }, "highlight" : { "interest" : [ "He likes <em>rock</em> <em>discovery</em> on spare time." ] } } ] } }
可以看到查询结果中多了一个highlight的部分，这个部分包含了interest属性匹配的文本部分，并以HTML标签<em></em>封装。
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