【Linux】在虚拟机中安装CentOs7后，如何打通它与外界联系的渠道(telnet和ftp)

我安装的Linux版本是CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-2009.iso，Vmware版本是VMware-workstation_full_12.1.1.6932

在安装时除了软件选择gnome，其它都是默认配置，一路往下。

装好进入系统后，显示gnome桌面，在右上角有个喇叭标志，点开里面有个网络标志，选择连接，之后虚拟机就能被视为一台电脑（以下简称虚拟电脑）了。

然后敲入netstat -ie,出现的第一段里就能找到ip地址，这就是虚拟电脑的网址。

hy@localhost ~]$ netstat -ie
Kernel Interface table
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.32.128  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.32.255
        inet6 fe80::3a1c:e273:b2de:bb84  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:5a:16:59  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 14772  bytes 21630993 (20.6 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 5629  bytes 344790 (336.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 528  bytes 45744 (44.6 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 528  bytes 45744 (44.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:a0:4b:c9  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

有了这个，一切都好说了。

您此时就可以打开telnet工具如putty，输入ip，用户名和密码去连接。

至此一半任务完成了。

接下来是ftp，首先把防火墙关闭：

#systemctl stop firewalld.service

然后安装vsftpd，如果它不存在的话

#yum install vsftpd

再启动之

#systemctl start vsftpd

启动后再顺便看看状态，有那个Active标志就OK了。

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.serivce
Unit vsftpd.serivce.service could not be found.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd
â— vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2022-02-19 03:39:34 EST; 2min 9s ago
  Process: 52294 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 52296 (vsftpd)
    Tasks: 1
   CGroup: /system.slice/vsftpd.service
           â””â”€52296 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

Feb 19 03:39:34 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp daemon...
Feb 19 03:39:34 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Vsftpd ftp daemon.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@localhost ~]#