SQL Server之存储过程基础知识
create table Student ( --S# int identity(1,1), S# nvarchar(2), Sname varchar(10), Sage Datetime, Ssex char(2) ) insert into Student values('01','赵雷','1990-01-01','男'); insert into Student values('02','钱电','1990-12-21','男'); insert into Student values('03','孙风','1990-05-20','男'); insert into Student values('04','李云','1990-08-06','男'); insert into Student values('05','周梅','1991-12-01','女'); insert into Student values('06','吴兰','1992-03-01','女'); insert into Student values('07','郑竹','1989-07-01','女'); insert into Student values('08','王菊','1990-01-20','女'); drop table Student; select * from Student;
create proc StuProc as //此处 as 不可以省略不写 begin //begin 和 end 是一对,不可以只写其中一个,但可以都不写 select S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex from student end go
create proc StuProc @sname varchar(100) as begin select S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex from student where sname=@sname end go exec StuProc '赵雷' //执行语句
上面是在外部给变量赋值,也可以在内部直接给变量设置默认值
create proc StuProc @sname varchar(100)='赵雷' as begin select S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex from student where sname=@sname end go exec StuProc
也可以把变量的内容输出,使用output
create proc StuProc @sname varchar(100), @IsRight int output //传出参数 as if exists (select S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex from student where sname=@sname) set @IsRight =1 else set @IsRight=0 go declare @IsRight int exec StuProc '赵雷' , @IsRight output select @IsRight
以上是全局变量,下面来了解局部变量
局部变量也称为内部变量。局部变量是在函数内作定义说明的。其作用域仅限于函数内部,离开该函数后再使用这种变量是非法的。
局部变量的定义:必须先用Declare命令定以后才可以使用,declare{@变量名 数据类型}
局部变量的赋值方法:set{@变量名=表达式}或者select{@变量名=表达式}
局部变量的显示:select @变量名
create proc StuProc as declare @sname varchar(100) set @sname='赵雷' select S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex from student where sname=@sname go exec StuProc
那如果是要把局部变量的数据显示出来怎么办呢?
create proc StuProc as declare @sname varchar(100) set @sname=(select Sname from student where S#=01) select @sname go exec StuProc