Azure VMSS ---- PowerShell创建标准镜像的VMSS集群
VMSS的创建可以采用Portal、Powershell、Azure CLI或者Template。
但目前Portal创建有很多限制,本文将介绍如何用PowerShell来创建VMSS的集群。
具体的创建过程有以下几个步骤:
1 创建Resource Group
2 创建Vnet
3 创建Public IP、LoadBalancer
4 创建VMSS
5 增加VMSS的Autoscale规则
一创建Resource Group
具体命令如下:
$loc = 'chinanorth'; $rgname = 'hwvmss'; New-AzureRmResourceGroup -Name $rgname -Location $loc -Force;
二创建Vnet
具体命令如下:
$subnetName = 'vlan1' $subnet = New-AzureRmVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig -Name $subnetName `
-AddressPrefix "10.1.1.0/24"; $vnet = New-AzureRmVirtualNetwork -Force -Name $rgname `
-ResourceGroupName $rgname -Location $loc `
-AddressPrefix "10.1.0.0/16" -Subnet $subnet; $vnet = Get-AzureRmVirtualNetwork -Name $rgname `
-ResourceGroupName $rgname; $subnetId = $vnet.Subnets[0].Id;
三创建Public IP、LoadBalancer
1 创建Public IP
$pubip = New-AzureRmPublicIpAddress -Force -Name ('pubip' + $rgname) `
-ResourceGroupName $rgname -Location $loc -AllocationMethod Dynamic `
-DomainNameLabel ('pubip' + $rgname); $pubip = Get-AzureRmPublicIpAddress -Name ('pubip' + $rgname) `
-ResourceGroupName $rgname;
2 创建LoadBalancer
$frontendName = 'fe' + $rgname $backendAddressPoolName = 'bepool' + $rgname $probeName = 'vmssprobe' + $rgname $inboundNatPoolName = 'innatpool' + $rgname $lbruleName = 'lbrule' + $rgname $lbName = 'vmsslb' + $rgname $frontend = New-AzureRmLoadBalancerFrontendIpConfig `
-Name $frontendName -PublicIpAddress $pubip $backendAddressPool = New-AzureRmLoadBalancerBackendAddressPoolConfig `
-Name $backendAddressPoolName $probe = New-AzureRmLoadBalancerProbeConfig -name $probeName `
-Protocol Tcp -Port 80 -IntervalInSeconds 15 -ProbeCount 2 $frontendpoolrangestart = 22100 $frontendpoolrangeend = 22200 $backendvmport = 22 $inboundNatPool = New-AzureRmLoadBalancerInboundNatPoolConfig `
-Name $inboundNatPoolName `
-FrontendIPConfigurationId $frontend.Id -Protocol Tcp `
-FrontendPortRangeStart $frontendpoolrangestart `
-FrontendPortRangeEnd $frontendpoolrangeend `
-BackendPort $backendvmport; $protocol = 'Tcp' $feLBPort = 80 $beLBPort = 80 $lbrule = New-AzureRmLoadBalancerRuleConfig -Name $lbruleName ` -FrontendIPConfiguration $frontend `
-BackendAddressPool $backendAddressPool ` -Probe $probe -Protocol $protocol `
-FrontendPort $feLBPort -BackendPort $beLBPort ` -IdleTimeoutInMinutes 15 -LoadDistribution SourceIP
$actualLb = New-AzureRmLoadBalancer -Name $lbName `
-ResourceGroupName $rgname `
-Location $loc-FrontendIpConfiguration $frontend `
-BackendAddressPool $backendAddressPool-Probe $probe `
-LoadBalancingRule $lbrule `
-InboundNatPool $inboundNatPool
$expectedLb = Get-AzureRmLoadBalancer -Name $lbName `
-ResourceGroupName $rgname
四创建VMSS
$vmssName = $rgname; $adminUsername = 'hengwei'; $adminPassword = "xxxxxxx"; $PublisherName = 'OpenLogic' $Offer = 'CentOS' $Sku = '7.2' $Version = 'latest' $vmNamePrefix = 'centosvmss' $ipCfg = New-AzureRmVmssIPConfig -Name 'nic' ` -LoadBalancerInboundNatPoolsId $actualLb.InboundNatPools[0].Id ` -LoadBalancerBackendAddressPoolsId $actualLb.BackendAddressPools[0].Id ` -SubnetId $subnetId; $numberofnodes = 3 $vmss = New-AzureRmVmssConfig -Location $loc -SkuCapacity $numberofnodes `
-SkuName 'Standard_D1' -UpgradePolicyMode 'automatic' `
| Add-AzureRmVmssNetworkInterfaceConfiguration -Name $subnetName `
-Primary $true -IPConfiguration $ipCfg `
| Set-AzureRmVmssOSProfile -ComputerNamePrefix $vmNamePrefix `
-AdminUsername $adminUsername -AdminPassword $adminPassword `
| Set-AzureRmVmssStorageProfile -OsDiskCreateOption 'FromImage' `
-OsDiskCaching 'None' -ImageReferenceOffer $Offer `
-ImageReferenceSku $Sku -ImageReferenceVersion $Version `
-ImageReferencePublisher $PublisherName New-AzureRmVmss -ResourceGroupName $rgname -Name $vmssName -VirtualMachineScaleSet $vmss
五增加VMSS的Autoscale规则
VMSS的Autoscale是在VMSS主机进行性能的监控的基础上,根据VM的性能进行自动的增加VM和减少VM。
有两种方式进行VM性能的监视:
1 Azure Host上取到的信息
通过Azure Monitor取得VM的信息
可以支持的监控内容如以下链接:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/monitoring-and-diagnostics/monitoring-supported-metrics
可以看到,在Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets中支持的内容有:
Percentage CPU、Network In、Network Out、Disk Read Bytes、Disk Write Bytes、Disk Read Operations/Sec、Disk Write Operations/Sec这些。
Azure中的VMSS可以采用上面的这些指标来进行AutoScale的控制。
但目前AzureChina还不支持这种模式。
2 Azure VM Diagnostics信息
通过在VM中安装Diagnostics Extension,获得诊断信息,通过这种诊断信息中的VM资源情况进行自动扩展。
目前AzureChina支持这种模式。
具体实现步骤如下:
1 创建一个Storage Account,其中的Table用来收集VM的Dagnostic的信息
创建一个General Purpose的Storage Account,本例子中的名字叫hwvmss。
具体创建过程就不描述了。
2 给已有的VMSS中的VM安装Linux Diagnostics的Extension
$rgname = "hwvmss" $vmssname = "hwvmss" $vmss = Get-AzureRmVmss -ResourceGroupName $rgname `
-VMScaleSetName $vmssname $xmlcfg = Get-Content D:\Azure\VMSS\diag_nosubid.xml $xmlCfg = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($xmlCfg)) $storageAccountName = "hwvmss" $storageAccountKey = (Get-AzureRmStorageAccountKey `
-ResourceGroupName $rgname -Name $storageAccountName)[0].Value $settings = @{"xmlCfg" = $xmlCfg; `
"storageAccount" = $storageAccountName} $exname = "Microsoft.Insights.VMDiagnosticsSettings" $publisher = "Microsoft.OSTCExtensions" $type = "LinuxDiagnostic" $typeHandlerVersion = "2.3" $protectedSettings = @{ "storageAccountName" = $storageAccountName;`
"storageAccountKey" = $storageAccountKey; `
"storageAccountEndPoint" = "https://core.chinacloudapi.cn"; `
"endpoint" = "table.core.chinacloudapi.cn"} Add-AzureRmVmssExtension -VirtualMachineScaleSet $vmss -Name $exname `
-Publisher $publisher -Type $type `
-TypeHandlerVersion $typeHandlerVersion `
-AutoUpgradeMinorVersion $true `
-Setting $settings `
-ProtectedSetting $protectedSettings Update-AzureRmVmss -VirtualMachineScaleSet $vmss `
-ResourceGroupName $rgname -VMScaleSetName $vmssname
其中diag_nosubid.xml文件的链接如下:
https://hwshare.blob.core.chinacloudapi.cn/soft/diag_nosubid.xml
第62行的用户资源ID需要自己更改。就是上面脚本中$vmss.id的内容。
由于是自己定义,这里的监控信息有非常多,查看xml文件就可以知道,有Memory、Processor、Disk等多种指标。
3 查看存储账户的监控信息
由于VMSS创建时,UpgradePolicyMode选择的是automatic。所以在配置更新了Extension后,VM会自动更新配置。
观察Storage中Table的信息,可以看到我们配置的table:
如果用Azure Blob Explorer,可以看到我们定义的各种指标的信息已经吐到table中了:
有了这些信息就可以添加AutoScale了!
4 添加AutoScale的Seeting
具体脚本如下:
#增加机器的规则 $rule1 = New-AzureRmAutoscaleRule -MetricName "\Processor\PercentUserTime" `
-MetricResourceId $vmss.id -Operator GreaterThan `
-MetricStatistic Average -Threshold 60 -TimeGrain 00:01:00 `
-TimeWindow 00:05:00 -ScaleActionCooldown 00:05:00 `
-ScaleActionDirection Increase -ScaleActionValue 1 #减少机器的规则 $rule2 = New-AzureRmAutoscaleRule -MetricName "\Processor\PercentUserTime" `
-MetricResourceId $vmss.id -Operator LessThan `
-MetricStatistic Average -Threshold 30 -TimeGrain 00:01:00 `
-TimeWindow 00:05:00 -ScaleActionCooldown 00:05:00 `
-ScaleActionDirection Decrease -ScaleActionValue 1 $profile1 = New-AzureRmAutoscaleProfile -DefaultCapacity 1 `
-MaximumCapacity 10 -MinimumCapacity 1 `
-Rules $rule1,$rule2 `
-Name "autoprofile1" #添加AutoScale的Setting Add-AzureRmAutoscaleSetting -Location $location -Name "autosetting1" `
-ResourceGroup $rgname `
-TargetResourceId $vmss.id `
-AutoscaleProfiles $profile1
添加完Autoscale Setting后,可以看到,VMSS中的Instance会自动减少到1台。通过添加stress工具,进行CPU的压力测试,可以看到instance的数量会增加。
总结:
通过PowerShell创建VMSS的集群,通过添加VM的Diagnostic,把Instance的资源消耗信息吐出来。再通过Autoscale进行自动的减少和增加Instance。