学习SQL Server从在Linux上安装开始
微软已经发布了SQL Server on Linux，目前支持Redhat和Ubuntu两种发行版。
下面我们来安装体验一下。
1. 获得YUM源：
YUM的repo文件地址：
https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/mssql-server.repo
下载到本地：
wget https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/mssql-server.repo --2016-11-17 18:35:37-- https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/mssql-server.repo Resolving packages.microsoft.com (packages.microsoft.com)... 13.75.127.55 Connecting to packages.microsoft.com (packages.microsoft.com)|13.75.127.55|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 220 [application/octet-stream] Saving to: 'mssql-server.repo' 100%[=================================================================================================================================>] 220 --.-K/s in 0s 2016-11-17 18:35:37 (47.7 MB/s) - 'mssql-server.repo' saved [220/220]
把此文件复制到/etc/yum.repos.d目录：
cp mssql-server.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
更新yum信息：
[root@hwweb0 ~]# yum makecache Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 openlogic | 1.3 kB 00:00:00 packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/13): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 78 kB 00:00:00 (2/13): openlogic/7/x86_64/filelists | 6.7 kB 00:00:00 (3/13): openlogic/7/x86_64/other | 3.7 kB 00:00:00 (4/13): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 468 kB 00:00:01 (5/13): extras/7/x86_64/other_db | 706 kB 00:00:00 (6/13): packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server/filelists_db | 1.4 kB 00:00:00 (7/13): packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server/other_db | 728 B 00:00:00 (8/13): base/7/x86_64/other_db | 2.3 MB 00:00:01 (9/13): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta | 786 kB 00:00:00 (10/13): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 5.3 MB 00:00:01 (11/13): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 6.2 MB 00:00:03 (12/13): updates/7/x86_64/other_db | 79 MB 00:00:04 (13/13): packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server/primary_db | 2.4 kB 00:00:06 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile openlogic 54/54 openlogic 54/54 Metadata Cache Created
2. 通过yum安装sql server：
Yum查找mssql的相关信息：
[root@hwweb0 ~]# yum search mssql Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Repository packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server is listed more than once in the configuration Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile =========================================================================== N/S matched: mssql ============================================================================ mssql-server.x86_64 : Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Relational Database Engine mssql-server-ha.x86_64 : Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Relational Database Engine Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
可以看到有两个版本，ha版本应该是做高可用性的版本。安装mssql-server：
[root@hwweb0 ~]# yum search mssql Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Repository packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server is listed more than once in the configuration Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile =========================================================================== N/S matched: mssql ============================================================================ mssql-server.x86_64 : Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Relational Database Engine mssql-server-ha.x86_64 : Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Relational Database Engine Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything. [root@hwweb0 ~]# yum install mssql-server -y Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Repository packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server is listed more than once in the configuration packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mssql-server.x86_64 0:14.0.1.246-6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =========================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: mssql-server x86_64 14.0.1.246-6 packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server 138 M Transaction Summary =========================================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package Total download size: 138 M Installed size: 138 M Downloading packages: warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server/packages/mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID be1229cf: NOKEY Public key for mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64.rpm is not installed mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64.rpm | 138 MB 00:00:05 Retrieving key from https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc Importing GPG key 0xBE1229CF: Userid : "Microsoft (Release signing) <gpgsecurity@microsoft.com>" Fingerprint: bc52 8686 b50d 79e3 39d3 721c eb3e 94ad be12 29cf From : https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64 1/1 +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Please run /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr-setup to complete the setup of | | Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R). | +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ Verifying : mssql-server-14.0.1.246-6.x86_64 1/1 Installed: mssql-server.x86_64 0:14.0.1.246-6 Complete!
这样就安装好了。
3. 配置sql server
[root@hwweb0 bin]# pwd /opt/mssql/bin [root@hwweb0 bin]# ./sqlservr-setup Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Setup You can abort setup at anytime by pressing Ctrl-C. Start this program with the --help option for information about running it in unattended mode. The license terms for this product can be downloaded from http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746388 and found in /usr/share/doc/mssql-server/LICENSE.TXT. Do you accept the license terms? If so, please type "YES": YES Please enter a password for the system administrator (SA) account: Please confirm the password for the system administrator (SA) account: Setting system administrator (SA) account password... sqlservr: This program requires a machine with at least 3250 megabytes of memory. Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) setup failed with error code 1. Please check the setup log in /var/opt/mssql/log/setup-20161117-184346.log for more information.
我采用的是A1的机器，配置过程提示，内存需要大于3G。把机器升级到A2：
[root@hwchefserver bin]# ./sqlservr-setup Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Setup You can abort setup at anytime by pressing Ctrl-C. Start this program with the --help option for information about running it in unattended mode. The license terms for this product can be downloaded from http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746388 and found in /usr/share/doc/mssql-server/LICENSE.TXT. Do you accept the license terms? If so, please type "YES": YES Please enter a password for the system administrator (SA) account: Please confirm the password for the system administrator (SA) account: Setting system administrator (SA) account password... Do you wish to start the SQL Server service now? [y/n]: y Do you wish to enable SQL Server to start on boot? [y/n]: y Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mssql-server-telemetry.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server-telemetry.service. Setup completed successfully.
配置成功。检查状态：
[root@hwchefserver bin]# systemctl status mssql ● mssql.service Loaded: not-found (Reason: No such file or directory) Active: inactive (dead) [root@hwchefserver bin]# systemctl status mssql-server ● mssql-server.service - Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R) Database Engine Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mssql-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Thu 2016-11-17 19:52:06 UTC; 37s ago Main PID: 1539 (sqlservr) CGroup: /system.slice/mssql-server.service ├─1539 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr └─1547 /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr Nov 17 19:52:14 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:15.06 spid17s SQL Server is now ready for client connections. This is an infor...equired. Nov 17 19:52:15 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:15.13 spid6s Polybase feature disabled. Nov 17 19:52:15 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:15.13 spid6s Clearing tempdb database. Nov 17 19:52:16 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:16.91 spid6s Starting up database 'tempdb'. Nov 17 19:52:17 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:17.58 spid6s The tempdb database has 1 data file(s). Nov 17 19:52:17 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:17.58 spid20s The Service Broker endpoint is in disabled or stopped state. Nov 17 19:52:17 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:17.58 spid20s The Database Mirroring endpoint is in disabled or stopped state. Nov 17 19:52:17 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:17.67 spid20s Service Broker manager has started. Nov 17 19:52:17 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:17.71 spid5s Recovery is complete. This is an informational message only. No ...equired. Nov 17 19:52:22 hwchefserver sqlservr[1539]: 2016-11-17 19:52:22.59 spid35s The activated proc '[dbo].[sp_syspolicy_events_reader]' running on queue... Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
SQL Server已经在运行。
3. 检查
安装SQL Tools。SQL Tools：sqlcmd是mssql ODBC的一个工具，可以通过yum的repo直接yum安装。
首先下载yum的repo：
[root@hwchefserver ~]# wget https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo --2016-11-17 19:59:49-- https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo Resolving packages.microsoft.com (packages.microsoft.com)... 13.75.127.55 Connecting to packages.microsoft.com (packages.microsoft.com)|13.75.127.55|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 193 [application/octet-stream] Saving to: 'prod.repo' 100%[=================================================================================================================>] 193 --.-K/s in 0s 2016-11-17 19:59:50 (30.2 MB/s) - 'prod.repo' saved [193/193] [root@hwchefserver ~]# mv prod.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@hwchefserver ~]# yum makecache Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 openlogic | 1.3 kB 00:00:00 packages-microsoft-com-mssql-server | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 packages-microsoft-com-prod | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): packages-microsoft-com-prod/filelists_db | 2.7 kB 00:00:00 (2/3): packages-microsoft-com-prod/other_db | 10 kB 00:00:00 (3/3): packages-microsoft-com-prod/primary_db | 4.6 kB 00:00:00 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Metadata Cache Created
安装：
[root@hwchefserver ~]# yum install mssql-tools Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mssql-tools.x86_64 0:14.0.1.246-1 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: msodbcsql for package: mssql-tools-14.0.1.246-1.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package msodbcsql.x86_64 0:13.0.1.0-1 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: unixODBC-utf16 for package: msodbcsql-13.0.1.0-1.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libodbcinst.so.2()(64bit) for package: msodbcsql-13.0.1.0-1.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package unixODBC-utf16.x86_64 0:2.3.1-1 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libltdl.so.7()(64bit) for package: unixODBC-utf16-2.3.1-1.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-21.el7_2 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =========================================================================================================================================================== Installing: mssql-tools x86_64 14.0.1.246-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 249 k Installing for dependencies: libtool-ltdl x86_64 2.4.2-21.el7_2 updates 49 k msodbcsql x86_64 13.0.1.0-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 3.8 M unixODBC-utf16 x86_64 2.3.1-1 packages-microsoft-com-prod 329 k Transaction Summary =========================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages) Total download size: 4.5 M Installed size: 4.5 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: (1/4): libtool-ltdl-2.4.2-21.el7_2.x86_64.rpm | 49 kB 00:00:00 (2/4): msodbcsql-13.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm | 3.8 MB 00:00:00 (3/4): mssql-tools-14.0.1.246-1.x86_64.rpm | 249 kB 00:00:00 (4/4): unixODBC-utf16-2.3.1-1.x86_64.rpm | 329 kB 00:00:00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 8.3 MB/s | 4.5 MB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : libtool-ltdl-2.4.2-21.el7_2.x86_64 1/4 Installing : unixODBC-utf16-2.3.1-1.x86_64 2/4 The license terms for this product can be downloaded from http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746838 and found in /usr/share/doc/msodbcsql/LICENSE.TXT . By entering 'YES', you indicate that you accept the license terms. Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO) YES Installing : msodbcsql-13.0.1.0-1.x86_64 3/4 The license terms for this product can be downloaded from http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=746949 and found in /usr/share/doc/mssql-tools/LICENSE.txt . By entering 'YES', you indicate that you accept the license terms. Do you accept the license terms? (Enter YES or NO) YES Installing : mssql-tools-14.0.1.246-1.x86_64 4/4 Verifying : libtool-ltdl-2.4.2-21.el7_2.x86_64 1/4 Verifying : msodbcsql-13.0.1.0-1.x86_64 2/4 Verifying : unixODBC-utf16-2.3.1-1.x86_64 3/4 Verifying : mssql-tools-14.0.1.246-1.x86_64 4/4 Installed: mssql-tools.x86_64 0:14.0.1.246-1 Dependency Installed: libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-21.el7_2 msodbcsql.x86_64 0:13.0.1.0-1 unixODBC-utf16.x86_64 0:2.3.1-1 Complete!
安装成功！
测试连接：
[root@hwchefserver ~]# sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA
Password:
登陆成功。
创建数据库test：
1> create database test; 2> go 1> use test; 2> go Changed database context to 'test'.
查看数据库：
1> select name from sys.databases; 2> go name -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- master tempdb model msdb test
创建表hwtable：
1> create table hwtable ( id int, name varchar(20), gender varchar(20), age int); 2> go
插入数据：
1> insert into hwtable values (1, 'weiheng','male',20); 2> go
查询：
1> select * from hwtable; 2> go id name gender age ----------- -------------------- -------------------- ----------- 1 weiheng male 20 (1 rows affected)
MSSQL Sever On Linux就这样安装完成了！
