adb学习笔记

 一、adb实现原理

adb的目的是想仅在PC端执行adb操作来获取手机里面的文件或向手机内部发送文件。这是通过Ubuntu中adb操作作为客户端与Ubuntu中运行的adb service交互，Ubuntu中运行的adb service与手机中运行的adbd守护进程交互实现的。

设备端(eg:手机)在启动后会启动一个名为adbd的守护进程，来监听PC通过adb发来的请求。Ubuntu中默认是不会启动启动adb服务的，但是执行adb devices的时候若是adb server还没有启动，就会通过"adb -P 5037 fork-server server"来启动adb服务服务。此后，Ubuntu中运行adb就作为client向Ubuntu中的adb service发起请求，然后Ubuntu中的adb server与手机里面的adbd守护进程通信。

 

二、adb操作

1.Ubuntu要获取手机中的一个文件：

# adb devices
* daemon not running. starting it now on port 5037 * 执行的时候adb server还没有运行，然后就启动adb server。
* daemon started successfully *
List of devices attached 
FA4412DBA4120433    device    表示一个device已经attach到Ubuntu中了。

# adb pull /data/Hello.class ./

2.Ubuntu要向手机发送一个文件

# sdb push test.txt /data    上面adb server已经启动了，这里就不需要再启动adb server了。

3.adb shell

若Ubuntu中执行了adb shell就相当于这个窗口做了一个串口控制台一样，成为了手机的串口终端了。可以在Ubuntu中另外打开一个窗口来和这个“串口终端”交互。此时Ubuntu和手机的交互就像Ubuntu中的两个窗口之间的交互一样。

 

三、adb排错

1.首先要确保手机端的adbd守护进程和Ubuntu中的adb server都正常运行起来了。

2.Ubuntu中可以重启adb服务试试：adb kill-server 然后 adb start-server

 adb --help:

255|shell@xxxx:/vendor/lib/hw # adb --help
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.32

 -a                            - directs adb to listen on all interfaces for a connection
 -d                            - directs command to the only connected USB device
                                 returns an error if more than one USB device is present.
 -e                            - directs command to the only running emulator.
                                 returns an error if more than one emulator is running.
 -s <specific device>          - directs command to the device or emulator with the given
                                 serial number or qualifier. Overrides ANDROID_SERIAL
                                 environment variable.
 -p <product name or path>     - simple product name like 'sooner', or
                                 a relative/absolute path to a product
                                 out directory like 'out/target/product/sooner'.
                                 If -p is not specified, the ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT
                                 environment variable is used, which must
                                 be an absolute path.
 -H                            - Name of adb server host (default: localhost)
 -P                            - Port of adb server (default: 5037)
 devices [-l]                  - list all connected devices
                                 ('-l' will also list device qualifiers)
 connect <host>[:<port>]       - connect to a device via TCP/IP
                                 Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified.
 disconnect [<host>[:<port>]]  - disconnect from a TCP/IP device.
                                 Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified.
                                 Using this command with no additional arguments
                                 will disconnect from all connected TCP/IP devices.

device commands:
  adb push [-p] <local> <remote>
                               - copy file/dir to device
                                 ('-p' to display the transfer progress)
  adb pull [-p] [-a] <remote> [<local>]
                               - copy file/dir from device
                                 ('-p' to display the transfer progress)
                                 ('-a' means copy timestamp and mode)
  adb sync [ <directory> ]     - copy host->device only if changed
                                 (-l means list but don't copy)
                                 (see 'adb help all')
  adb shell                    - run remote shell interactively
  adb shell <command>          - run remote shell command
  adb emu <command>            - run emulator console command
  adb logcat [ <filter-spec> ] - View device log
  adb forward --list           - list all forward socket connections.
                                 the format is a list of lines with the following format:
                                    <serial> " " <local> " " <remote> "\n"
  adb forward <local> <remote> - forward socket connections
                                 forward specs are one of: 
                                   tcp:<port>
                                   localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
                                   localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
                                   localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
                                   dev:<character device name>
                                   jdwp:<process pid> (remote only)
  adb forward --no-rebind <local> <remote>
                               - same as 'adb forward <local> <remote>' but fails
                                 if <local> is already forwarded
  adb forward --remove <local> - remove a specific forward socket connection
  adb forward --remove-all     - remove all forward socket connections
  adb reverse --list           - list all reverse socket connections from device
  adb reverse <remote> <local> - reverse socket connections
                                 reverse specs are one of:
                                   tcp:<port>
                                   localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
                                   localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
                                   localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
  adb reverse --norebind <remote> <local>
                               - same as 'adb reverse <remote> <local>' but fails
                                 if <remote> is already reversed.
  adb reverse --remove <remote>
                               - remove a specific reversed socket connection
  adb reverse --remove-all     - remove all reversed socket connections from device
  adb jdwp                     - list PIDs of processes hosting a JDWP transport
  adb install [-lrtsd] <file>
  adb install-multiple [-lrtsdp] <file...>
                               - push this package file to the device and install it
                                 (-l: forward lock application)
                                 (-r: replace existing application)
                                 (-t: allow test packages)
                                 (-s: install application on sdcard)
                                 (-d: allow version code downgrade)
                                 (-p: partial application install)
  adb uninstall [-k] <package> - remove this app package from the device
                                 ('-k' means keep the data and cache directories)
  adb bugreport                - return all information from the device
                                 that should be included in a bug report.

  adb backup [-f <file>] [-apk|-noapk] [-obb|-noobb] [-shared|-noshared] [-all] [-system|-nosystem] [<packages...>]
                               - write an archive of the device's data to <file>.
                                 If no -f option is supplied then the data is written
                                 to "backup.ab" in the current directory.
                                 (-apk|-noapk enable/disable backup of the .apks themselves
                                    in the archive; the default is noapk.)
                                 (-obb|-noobb enable/disable backup of any installed apk expansion
                                    (aka .obb) files associated with each application; the default
                                    is noobb.)
                                 (-shared|-noshared enable/disable backup of the device's
                                    shared storage / SD card contents; the default is noshared.)
                                 (-all means to back up all installed applications)
                                 (-system|-nosystem toggles whether -all automatically includes
                                    system applications; the default is to include system apps)
                                 (<packages...> is the list of applications to be backed up.  If
                                    the -all or -shared flags are passed, then the package
                                    list is optional.  Applications explicitly given on the
                                    command line will be included even if -nosystem would
                                    ordinarily cause them to be omitted.)

  adb restore <file>           - restore device contents from the <file> backup archive

  adb disable-verity           - disable dm-verity checking on USERDEBUG builds
  adb keygen <file>            - generate adb public/private key. The private key is stored in <file>,
                                 and the public key is stored in <file>.pub. Any existing files
                                 are overwritten.
  adb help                     - show this help message
  adb version                  - show version num

scripting:
  adb wait-for-device          - block until device is online
  adb start-server             - ensure that there is a server running
  adb kill-server              - kill the server if it is running
  adb get-state                - prints: offline | bootloader | device
  adb get-serialno             - prints: <serial-number>
  adb get-devpath              - prints: <device-path>
  adb status-window            - continuously print device status for a specified device
  adb remount                  - remounts the /system and /vendor (if present) partitions on the device read-write
  adb reboot [bootloader|recovery] - reboots the device, optionally into the bootloader or recovery program
  adb reboot-bootloader        - reboots the device into the bootloader
  adb root                     - restarts the adbd daemon with root permissions
  adb usb                      - restarts the adbd daemon listening on USB
  adb tcpip <port>             - restarts the adbd daemon listening on TCP on the specified port
networking:
  adb ppp <tty> [parameters]   - Run PPP over USB.
 Note: you should not automatically start a PPP connection.
 <tty> refers to the tty for PPP stream. Eg. dev:/dev/omap_csmi_tty1
 [parameters] - Eg. defaultroute debug dump local notty usepeerdns

adb sync notes: adb sync [ <directory> ]
  <localdir> can be interpreted in several ways:

  - If <directory> is not specified, /system, /vendor (if present), and /data partitions will be updated.

  - If it is "system", "vendor" or "data", only the corresponding partition
    is updated.

environmental variables:
  ADB_TRACE                    - Print debug information. A comma separated list of the following values
or all, adb, sockets, packets, rwx, usb, sync, sysdeps, transport, jdwp
  ANDROID_SERIAL               - The serial number to connect to. -s takes priority over this if given.
  ANDROID_LOG_TAGS             - When used with the logcat option, only these debug tags are printed.

 

四、adb相关命令

1. adb install

adb install [-lrtsdg] <file>
    - push this package file to the device and install it

adb install 一共有lrtsdg六个选项
(1) -l　锁定该应用程序
(2) -r　替换已存在的应用程序，也就是说强制安装
(3) -t　允许测试包
(4) -s　把应用程序安装到sd卡上
(5) -d　允许安装的比手机上带的版本低
(6) -g　为应用程序授予所有运行时的权限

 

五、多个设备adb链接

1. 多个设备使用：adb -s <设备id> <操作命令>

>adb devices
List of devices attached
WCYP8LNRAMQOBUUG        device
UKEIOZQOKJP7IV45        device

adb -s WCYP8LNRAMQOBUUG shell //链接第一个设备
adb -s UKEIOZQOKJP7IV45 shell //链接第二个设备

如何区分哪是哪个设备呢，可以通过修改背光看出：

# echo XX > /sys/class/leds/lcd-backlight/brightness

 

六、命令行关机

reboot 重启
reboot -p 关机