odoo 开发基础 -- 视图之xpath语法
odoo 视图函数 在整个项目文件中，结构并不是十分明显，虽然它也遵循MVC设计，类比django的MTV模式，各个模块区分的十分明显，在Odoo中，视图的概念不是特别明显，很多时候，我们会将调用模型的函数直接写在models里边（即：类中）。
而对于模版Tempelate部分，odoo里边反而称做“views”，如下是odoo典型模块，销售模块sale的代码结构：
可以看到odoo的前端显示部分，对应的就是views，它是基于xml来实现的，而不是我们日常的html；
今天要说的xpath语法，就是针对于xml文件的一种语法格式。
通过xpath语法，可以对xml文件中要显示的内容，进行自定义的显示，比如：我们要插入一个新的标签在当前已经存在的标签的后边，前边，里边甚至替换。。。
这种语法看着还有点像JS的寻找父子节点。。。
1. xpath有一个用法，就是当你要修改的多个标签是在同一个目录节点下的时候，多个xpath标签可以写在同一个<record>标签中，而不用每次都去声明定义一遍，
支持的视图类型：form、tree、search ...
支持的定位方法：
<notebook position="inside">
<xpath expr="//page[@name='page_history']" position="inside">
<field name="mobile" position="after">
<filter name="consumable" position="after">
<group name="bank" position="after">
<xpath expr="//field[@name='standard_price']" position="replace">
<xpath expr="//button[@name='open_ui']" position="replace">
<xpath expr="//div[@class='oe_employee_details']/h4/a" position="after">
<xpath expr="/form/sheet/notebook/page/field[@name='line_ids']/tree/field[@name='analytic_account_id']" position="replace">
<xpath expr="/form/sheet/notebook/page/field[@name='line_ids']/form/group/field[@name='analytic_account_id']" position="replace">支持的规则：before、after、replace、inside、attributes
插入：
position='before'
position="after"
<field name="mobile" position="after">
<field name="sale_order_count"/>
</field>
<filter name="consumable" position="after">
<separator/>
<filter name="filter_to_qty_available" string="在手数量>0" icon="terp-accessories-archiver+" domain="[('qty_available', '>', 0)]"/>
<filter name="filter_to_virtual_available" string="预测数量>0" icon="terp-accessories-archiver+" domain="[('virtual_available', '>', 0)]"/>
</filter>替换：
position="replace"
<xpath expr="//field[@name='standard_price']" position="replace">
<group name='cost_prices' colspan="2" col="4">
<field name="standard_price" nolabel="1" attrs="{'readonly':[('cost_method','=','average')]}"/>
<field name="cost_price_extra" groups="product.group_product_variant"/>
</group>
</xpath>
<xpath expr="//button[@name='open_ui']" position="replace">
<button name="open_ui" type="object" string="Start Selling" attrs="{'invisible' : [('pos_state', 'not in', ('opened',))]}" class="oe_highlight" invisible="True"/>
</xpath>内部创建：position="inside"
<xpath expr="//page[@name='page_history']" position="inside">
<group name="grp_task" string="Tasks">
<field name="task_ids" colspan="4" nolabel="1">
<tree string="Tasks" editable="bottom">
<field name="name"/>
<field name="user_id"/>
<field name="date_deadline"/>
<field name="state" invisible="1"/>
<button name="do_open" states="pending,draft,done,cancelled" string="Start Task" type="object" icon="gtk-media-play" help="For changing to open state" invisible="context.get('set_visible',False)"/>
<button name="action_close" states="draft,pending,open" string="Done" type="object" icon="terp-dialog-close" help="For changing to done state"/>
</tree>
</field>
</group>
</xpath> 修改属性：修改属性能够实现的功能，不要使用 replace
position="attributes"
<xpath expr="//field[@name='name']" position="attributes">
<attribute name="required">1</attribute>
</xpath>示例代码：
<record id="product_normal_variant_form_view" model="ir.ui.view">
<field name="name">product.normal.variant.form</field>
<field name="model">product.product</field>
<field name="type">form</field>
<field name="inherit_id" ref="product.product_normal_form_view" />
<field name="arch" type="xml">
<data>
<xpath expr="//field[@name='name']" position="attributes">
<attribute name="required">1</attribute>
</xpath>
<xpath expr="//field[@name='standard_price']" position="replace">
<group name='cost_prices' colspan="2" col="4">
<field name="standard_price" nolabel="1" attrs="{'readonly':[('cost_method','=','average')]}"/>
<field name="cost_price_extra" groups="product.group_product_variant"/>
</group>
</xpath>
<sheet>
<group col="2" colspan="2" groups="base.group_extended" position="replace">
<group colspan="2" col="6" name="weight" groups="base.group_extended">
<field name="is_multi_variants" invisible="1"/>
<group colspan="2" col="2">
<separator string="Template Weights" colspan="2"/>
<field digits="(14, 3)" name="volume" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
<field digits="(14, 3)" name="weight" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
<field digits="(14, 3)" name="weight_net" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
</group>
<group colspan="2" col="2" attrs="{'invisible':[('is_multi_variants','=',False)]}">
<separator string="Variant Weights" colspan="2"/>
<field digits="(14, 3)" name="additional_volume" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
<field digits="(14, 3)" name="additional_weight" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
<field digits="(14, 3)" name="additional_weight_net" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
</group>
<group colspan="2" col="2" attrs="{'invisible':[('is_multi_variants','=',False)]}">
<separator string="Total Weights" colspan="2"/>
<field digits="(14, 3)" name="total_volume"/>
<field digits="(14, 3)" name="total_weight"/>
<field digits="(14, 3)" name="total_weight_net"/>
</group>
</group>
</group>
</sheet>
</data>
</field>
</record>
<!-- 隐藏 open_ui 按钮 -->
<record model="ir.ui.view" id="pos_session_opening_form_view_openui">
<field name="name">pos.session.opening.form.view.openui</field>
<field name="model">pos.session.opening</field>
<field name="inherit_id" ref="point_of_sale.pos_session_opening_form_view"/>
<field name="arch" type="xml">
<xpath expr="//button[@name='open_ui']" position="replace">
<button name="open_ui" type="object" string="Start Selling" attrs="{'invisible' : [('pos_state', 'not in', ('opened',))]}" class="oe_highlight" invisible="True"/>
</xpath>
</field>
</record>
<record id="product_search_form_view_filter" model="ir.ui.view">
<field name="name">product.search.form.filter</field>
<field name="model">product.product</field>
<field name="inherit_id" ref="product.product_search_form_view"/>
<field name="arch" type="xml">
<filter name="consumable" position="after">
<separator/>
<filter name="filter_to_qty_available" string="在手数量>0" icon="terp-accessories-archiver+" domain="[('qty_available', '>', 0)]"/>
<filter name="filter_to_virtual_available" string="预测数量>0" icon="terp-accessories-archiver+" domain="[('virtual_available', '>', 0)]"/>
</filter>
</field>
</record>
<!-- Partner kanban view inherte -->
<record model="ir.ui.view" id="crm_lead_partner_kanban_view">
<field name="name">res.partner.kanban.saleorder.inherit</field>
<field name="model">res.partner</field>
<field name="inherit_id" ref="base.res_partner_kanban_view"/>
<field name="priority" eval="20"/>
<field name="arch" type="xml">
<field name="mobile" position="after">
<field name="sale_order_count"/>
</field>
<xpath expr="//div[@class='oe_kanban_partner_links']" position="inside">
<a name="%(sale.act_res_partner_2_sale_order)d" type="action" t-if="record.sale_order_count.value>0">
<t t-esc="record.sale_order_count.value"/> Sales
</a>
</xpath>
</field>
</record>
<!-- Partners inherited form -->
<record id="view_task_partner_info_form" model="ir.ui.view">
<field name="name">res.partner.task.info.inherit</field>
<field name="model">res.partner</field>
<field name="inherit_id" ref="base.view_partner_form"/>
<field name="arch" type="xml">
<xpath expr="//page[@name='page_history']" position="attributes">
<attribute name="invisible">False</attribute>
</xpath>
<xpath expr="//page[@name='page_history']" position="inside">
<group name="grp_task" string="Tasks">
<field name="task_ids" colspan="4" nolabel="1">
<tree string="Tasks" editable="bottom">
<field name="name"/>
<field name="user_id"/>
<field name="date_deadline"/>
<field name="state" invisible="1"/>
<button name="do_open" states="pending,draft,done,cancelled" string="Start Task" type="object" icon="gtk-media-play" help="For changing to open state" invisible="context.get('set_visible',False)"/>
<button name="action_close" states="draft,pending,open" string="Done" type="object" icon="terp-dialog-close" help="For changing to done state"/>
</tree>
</field>
</group>
</xpath>
</field>
</record>
