Java/Java Web中乱码解决汇总

在开发Java/Java Web Application过程中,往往会出现乱码问题,而且有的时候真会弄得人很烦,浪费太多的时间。

记得之前看过一篇帖子,详细解释了Encoding/Decoding过程,不过时间久远已经淡忘。。。

其实针对这种乱码问题,记录问题+查阅解决方案是比较好的解决办法。

问题1:JSP页面中的EL表达式输出出现乱码,如

由book.jsp页面通过href转向modifyBook.jsp页面

book.jsp

<c:forEach var="book" items="${allBooks}">
    <tr>
        <td>${book.bookId}</td>
        <td>${book.bookName}</td>
        <td>${book.author}</td>
        <td>${book.price}</td>
        <td>${book.publisher}</td>
        <td><a href="deleteBook?bookid=${book.bookId}">删除</a></td>
        <td><a href="modifyBook?bookid=${book.bookId}&bookname=${book.bookName}&author=${book.author}&price=${book.price}&publisher=${book.publisher}">修改</a></td>
    </tr>
</c:forEach>

modifyBook.jsp

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/modifyBook" method="post">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td><input type="text" name="bookid" value="${param.bookid}" readonly/></td>
            <td><input type="text" name="book_name" value="${param.bookname}"/></td>
            <td><input type="text" name="author" value="${param.author}"/></td>
            <td><input type="text" name="price" value="${param.price}"/></td>
            <td><input type="text" name="publisher" value="${param.publisher}"/></td>
        </tr>
    </table>
    <br/>
    <input type="submit" name="提交" value="Submit"/>
</form>

EL表达式${param.publisher}的输出乱码。

解决方案:

1. 首先检查各个JSP页面的编码方式,确认均为contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8";

2. 检查跳转后的url地址如下:http://localhost:8080/basicmvc/modifyBook?bookid=00003&bookname=Java%20EE&author=wang&price=30.0&publisher=人民邮电,不是乱码。

3. 由2说明${param.publisher}的源没有问题,就是输出编码的问题。折腾半天,想起tomcat的编码配置URIEncoding="UTF-8"。解决!

问题2接上一个问题,中文数据展示没有问题了。但紧接着更新数据库后,数据库中出现中文乱码??。

既然数据源没有问题,那就是数据库这边的问题了,但是数据库创建和表的创建都是UTF-8的方式。再查看Java代码,应该是PreparedStatement使用setString出现中文乱码。查询后,得知数据库连接中需要设置编码方式,恍然大悟(之前解决过类似问题,只是给忘了。。。),如下:

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/crud?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

问题3:在另一环境中,解决了问题1和问题2,但还是出现了乱码问题。

唯一区别就是Filter类的使用, Filter类似于Servlet,在web.xml中配置。

解决方案:(代码胜千言)

EncodingFilter:

public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {

    //配置中默认的字符编码
    protected String encoding = null;
    protected FilterConfig filterConfig;
    //当没有指定默认编码时是否允许跳过过滤
    protected boolean ignore = true;

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
        this.encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
        System.out.println(this.encoding);
        String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("ignore");
        if (value == null){
            this.ignore = true;
        } else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("true")) {
            this.ignore = true;
        } else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("yes")) {
            this.ignore = true;
        } else {
            this.ignore = false;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest)request;
        HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse=(HttpServletResponse)response;
        //Conditionally select and set the character encoding to be used
        if(ignore || httpServletRequest.getCharacterEncoding() == null){
            String coding = selectEncoding(httpServletRequest);
            if(coding != null){
                httpServletRequest.setCharacterEncoding(coding);
                httpServletResponse.setCharacterEncoding(coding);
            }
        }
        //将控制器传向下一个filter
        chain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        this.encoding = null;
        this.filterConfig = null;
    }

    protected String selectEncoding(ServletRequest request) {
        return (this.encoding);
    }
}

web.xml

<filter>
    <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.chris.web.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

 问题3:待续

posted on 2016-05-16 10:56  -赶鸭子上架-  阅读(311)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报