Python_俄罗斯方块
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""" 俄罗斯方块 author: wolfstar last edited: 2018年1月 """ import sys, random from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QFrame, QDesktopWidget, QApplication from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QBasicTimer, pyqtSignal from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColor #主界面类 class Tetris(QMainWindow): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.initUI() def initUI(self): #Board创建一个面板类的实例，并设置应用程序的核心部件。 self.tboard = Board(self) self.setCentralWidget(self.tboard) #创建一个状态栏将显示消息。我们将显示三种可能的消息:已删除的行数,停顿了一下消息,或游戏结束的消息。msg2Statusbar是一个自定义的信号,在Board 中实现类。showMessage()是一个内置的方法,在状态栏显示一条消息。 self.statusbar = self.statusBar() self.tboard.msg2Statusbar[str].connect(self.statusbar.showMessage) #这一行代码启动游戏 self.tboard.start() self.resize(180, 380) self.center() self.setWindowTitle('Tetris') self.show() #窗体居中显示方法 def center(self): screen = QDesktopWidget().screenGeometry() size = self.geometry() self.move((screen.width() - size.width()) / 2, (screen.height() - size.height()) / 2) #创建面板类 class Board(QFrame): #创建一个自定义的信号。当我们想写一个信息或状态栏的分数的时候，msg2Statusbar发出一个信号 msg2Statusbar = pyqtSignal(str) #这些都是Board的类变量。BoardWidth和BoardHeight定义的块的大小。Speed定义了游戏的速度。每个300 ms将开始一个新游戏循环。 BoardWidth = 10 BoardHeight = 22 Speed = 300 def __init__(self, parent): super().__init__(parent) self.initBoard() #我们在initBoard()方法初始化一些重要的变量。board变量是一个从0到7的数字列表。它代表了面板上各种形状和位置。 def initBoard(self): self.timer = QBasicTimer() self.isWaitingAfterLine = False self.curX = 0 self.curY = 0 self.numLinesRemoved = 0 self.board = [] self.setFocusPolicy(Qt.StrongFocus) self.isStarted = False self.isPaused = False self.clearBoard() #shapeAt()方法确定在给定形状块的类型。 def shapeAt(self, x, y): return self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x] def setShapeAt(self, x, y, shape): self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x] = shape #Board可以动态地调整大小。因此,块的大小可能会有所改变。squareWidth()计算单一方块像素的宽度并返回它。Board.BoardWidth方块板的大小。 def squareWidth(self): return self.contentsRect().width() // Board.BoardWidth def squareHeight(self): return self.contentsRect().height() // Board.BoardHeight #游戏开始方法 def start(self): if self.isPaused: return self.isStarted = True self.isWaitingAfterLine = False self.numLinesRemoved = 0 self.clearBoard() self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved)) self.newPiece() self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self) #游戏暂停方法 def pause(self): if not self.isStarted: return self.isPaused = not self.isPaused if self.isPaused: self.timer.stop() self.msg2Statusbar.emit("paused") else: self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self) self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved)) self.update() #窗体绘图 def paintEvent(self, event): painter = QPainter(self) #根据窗体舞台大小计算顶部 rect = self.contentsRect() boardTop = rect.bottom() - Board.BoardHeight * self.squareHeight() #游戏的绘制分为两个步骤，第一步，绘制所有方块，这些方块都要保存在底部列表中。列表通过shapeAt() 方法来添加方块。 for i in range(Board.BoardHeight): for j in range(Board.BoardWidth): shape = self.shapeAt(j, Board.BoardHeight - i - 1) if shape != Tetrominoe.NoShape: self.drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + j * self.squareWidth(), boardTop + i * self.squareHeight(), shape) #第二步绘制下降中的方块 if self.curPiece.shape() != Tetrominoe.NoShape: for i in range(4): x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i) y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i) self.drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + x * self.squareWidth(), boardTop + (Board.BoardHeight - y - 1) * self.squareHeight(), self.curPiece.shape()) def keyPressEvent(self, event): if not self.isStarted or self.curPiece.shape() == Tetrominoe.NoShape: super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event) return key = event.key() if key == Qt.Key_P: self.pause() return if self.isPaused: return #keyPressEvent()方法检查按下键。当按右箭头键,我们试图向右移动一块。我们使用tyrMove,因为可能无法移动。 elif key == Qt.Key_Left: self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX - 1, self.curY) elif key == Qt.Key_Right: self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX + 1, self.curY) #向上箭头键将旋转方块。 elif key == Qt.Key_Down: self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateRight(), self.curX, self.curY) elif key == Qt.Key_Up: self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateLeft(), self.curX, self.curY) #空格键立即下降到底部 elif key == Qt.Key_Space: self.dropDown() #按下D键，可以加速下降。 elif key == Qt.Key_D: self.oneLineDown() else: super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event) #计时器事件,当我们前一个方块降到底部后，创建一个新的方块。 def timerEvent(self, event): if event.timerId() == self.timer.timerId(): if self.isWaitingAfterLine: self.isWaitingAfterLine = False self.newPiece() else: self.oneLineDown() else: super(Board, self).timerEvent(event) #clearBoard()方法通过设置Tetrominoe.NoShape清除面板 def clearBoard(self): for i in range(Board.BoardHeight * Board.BoardWidth): self.board.append(Tetrominoe.NoShape) def dropDown(self): newY = self.curY while newY > 0: if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, newY - 1): break newY -= 1 self.pieceDropped() def oneLineDown(self): if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY - 1): self.pieceDropped() def pieceDropped(self): for i in range(4): x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i) y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i) self.setShapeAt(x, y, self.curPiece.shape()) self.removeFullLines() if not self.isWaitingAfterLine: self.newPiece() #如果到达底部,会调用removeFullLines()方法。我们会检查所有完整的线条然后删除它们。然后移动所有行高于当前删除整行一行。请注意,我们反的顺序行被删除。否则,就会出错。 def removeFullLines(self): numFullLines = 0 rowsToRemove = [] for i in range(Board.BoardHeight): n = 0 for j in range(Board.BoardWidth): if not self.shapeAt(j, i) == Tetrominoe.NoShape: n = n + 1 if n == 10: rowsToRemove.append(i) rowsToRemove.reverse() for m in rowsToRemove: for k in range(m, Board.BoardHeight): for l in range(Board.BoardWidth): self.setShapeAt(l, k, self.shapeAt(l, k + 1)) numFullLines = numFullLines + len(rowsToRemove) if numFullLines > 0: self.numLinesRemoved = self.numLinesRemoved + numFullLines self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved)) self.isWaitingAfterLine = True self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape) self.update() #通过newPiece()方法创建一个新的方块，如果不能进入它的初始位置,游戏就结束了。 def newPiece(self): self.curPiece = Shape() self.curPiece.setRandomShape() self.curX = Board.BoardWidth // 2 + 1 self.curY = Board.BoardHeight - 1 + self.curPiece.minY() if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY): self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape) self.timer.stop() self.isStarted = False self.msg2Statusbar.emit("Game over") #使用tryMove()方法尝试移动方块。如果方块的边缘已经接触到面板边缘或者不能移动,我们返回False。否则我们当前块下降到一个新的位置。 def tryMove(self, newPiece, newX, newY): for i in range(4): x = newX + newPiece.x(i) y = newY - newPiece.y(i) if x < 0 or x >= Board.BoardWidth or y < 0 or y >= Board.BoardHeight: return False if self.shapeAt(x, y) != Tetrominoe.NoShape: return False self.curPiece = newPiece self.curX = newX self.curY = newY self.update() return True def drawSquare(self, painter, x, y, shape): colorTable = [0x000000, 0xCC6666, 0x66CC66, 0x6666CC, 0xCCCC66, 0xCC66CC, 0x66CCCC, 0xDAAA00] color = QColor(colorTable[shape]) painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, self.squareWidth() - 2, self.squareHeight() - 2, color) painter.setPen(color.lighter()) painter.drawLine(x, y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x, y) painter.drawLine(x, y, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y) painter.setPen(color.darker()) painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1) painter.drawLine(x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + 1) #Tetrominoe类包含所有可能的形状。NoShape空形状。 class Tetrominoe(object): NoShape = 0 ZShape = 1 SShape = 2 LineShape = 3 TShape = 4 SquareShape = 5 LShape = 6 MirroredLShape = 7 #Shape 类保存方块信息 class Shape(object): #coordsTable 元组包含所有可能的俄罗斯方块的坐标值。这是一个模板的所有块坐标值。 coordsTable = ( ((0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0)), ((0, -1), (0, 0), (-1, 0), (-1, 1)), ((0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1)), ((0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)), ((-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1)), ((0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)), ((-1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1)), ((1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1)) ) def __init__(self): self.coords = [[0, 0] for i in range(4)] self.pieceShape = Tetrominoe.NoShape self.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape) def shape(self): return self.pieceShape def setShape(self, shape): table = Shape.coordsTable[shape] for i in range(4): for j in range(2): self.coords[i][j] = table[i][j] self.pieceShape = shape def setRandomShape(self): self.setShape(random.randint(1, 7)) def x(self, index): return self.coords[index][0] def y(self, index): return self.coords[index][1] def setX(self, index, x): self.coords[index][0] = x def setY(self, index, y): self.coords[index][1] = y def minX(self): m = self.coords[0][0] for i in range(4): m = min(m, self.coords[i][0]) return m def maxX(self): m = self.coords[0][0] for i in range(4): m = max(m, self.coords[i][0]) return m def minY(self): m = self.coords[0][1] for i in range(4): m = min(m, self.coords[i][1]) return m def maxY(self): m = self.coords[0][1] for i in range(4): m = max(m, self.coords[i][1]) return m #rotateLeft() 向左旋转方块。如果方块本身不能被旋转，我们就返回当前对象的应用。否则就创建一个新的块及其坐标设置为的旋转。 def rotateLeft(self): if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape: return self result = Shape() result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape for i in range(4): result.setX(i, self.y(i)) result.setY(i, -self.x(i)) return result def rotateRight(self): if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape: return self result = Shape() result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape for i in range(4): result.setX(i, -self.y(i)) result.setY(i, self.x(i)) return result if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication([]) tetris = Tetris() sys.exit(app.exec_())
