我的Office Outlook插件开发之旅(一)
目的
开发一款可以同步Outlook邮件通讯录信息的插件。
VSTO 外接程序对Outlook的支持,是从2010版本之后开始的。
VSTO 4.0 支持Outlook 2010以后的版本,所以编写一次代码,就可以在不同的版本上运行。
COM 加载项十分依赖于.NET Framework框架和Office的版本,之后讲到的时候你就明白。
VSTO 外接程序
VSTO,全称是Visual Studio Tools for Office,在微软的Visual Studio平台中进行Office专业开发。VSTO是VBA的替代产品,使用该工具包使开发Office应用程序变得更简单,VSTO还能使用Visual Studio开发环境中的众多功能。
VSTO依赖于.NET Framework框架,并且不能在.net core或者.net 5+以上的平台运行。
创建VSTO程序
使用Visual Studio 2013的新建项目,如果你使用更新版本的话,那么你大概率找不到。因为被移除了。比如Visual Studio 2019最低创建的Outlook 2013 外接程序
Office/SharePoint -> .Net Framework 4 -> Outlook 2010 外接程序
之后我们会得到,这样的项目结构
打开ThisAddIn.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using Outlook = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook;
using Office = Microsoft.Office.Core;
using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections;
namespace ContactsSynchronization
{
public partial class ThisAddIn
{
private void ThisAddIn_Startup(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
// Outlook启动时执行
MessageBox.Show("Hello VSTO!");
}
private void ThisAddIn_Shutdown(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
// Outlook关闭时执行
}
#region VSTO 生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
/// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InternalStartup()
{
// 绑定声明周期函数
this.Startup += new System.EventHandler(ThisAddIn_Startup);
this.Shutdown += new System.EventHandler(ThisAddIn_Shutdown);
}
#endregion
}
}
启动试试看
到这里我们就已经把项目搭建起来了,但在写代码之前不如再认识认识Outlook的个个对象吧。
认识VSTO中常用对象
常用类型
- MAPIFolder表示Outlook中的一个文件夹
- ContactItem 表示一个联系人
- DistListItem 表示一个联系人文件夹中的群组
- OlDefaultFolders 获取默认文件类型的枚举
- OlItemType 获取文件夹子项类型的枚举
全局实例Application
上挂载了我们用到大多数函数和属性。
Application.Session;// 会话实例
Application.Version;// DLL动态链接库版本
Application.Name;// 应用名称
Application.Session
会话实例,可以获取Outlook的大多数状态,数据。如文件夹、联系人、邮件等。
Outlook文件夹结构
Outlook 按照邮件账号区分用户数据,即每个邮件账号都有独立的收件箱,联系人等。
Outlook 默认情况下的文件夹结构
获取第一个邮箱账号的默认联系人文件夹
Application.Session.Stores.Cast<Outlook.Store()>.First().GetDefaultFolder(OlDefaultFolders.olFolderContacts);
获取Outlook的状态信息
获取联系人信息
MAPIFolder folder = Application.Session.GetDefaultFolder(OlDefaultFolders.olFolderContacts);//获取默认的通讯录文件夹
IEnumerable<ContactItem> contactItems = folder.Items.OfType<ContactItem>(); // 获取文件夹下的子项,OfType<ContactItem>只拿联系人的
foreach (ContactItem it in contactItems)
{
// 拿联系人的各种信息
string fullName = it.FullName;
// 注意在此处修改联系人信息,再Save()是不生效的
}
添加联系人
MAPIFolder folder = Application.Session.GetDefaultFolder(OlDefaultFolders.olFolderContacts);// 获取默认的联系人文件夹
ContactItem contact = folder.Items.Add(OlItemType.olContactItem);// 新增联系人子项
// 设置各种信息
contact.FirstName = "三";
contact.LastName = "张";
contact.Email1Address = "zhangsan@163.com";
// 存储联系人
contact.Save();
删除联系人
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder deletedFolder = application.Session.GetDefaultFolder(OlDefaultFolders.olFolderDeletedItems);// 默认的联系人文件夹
int count = deletedFolder.Items.Count;// 获取子项数,包含联系人和群组
for (int i = count; i > 0; i--)// 遍历删除
{
deletedFolder.Items.Remove(i);
}
成品代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using Outlook = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook;
using Office = Microsoft.Office.Core;
using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections;
namespace ContactsSynchronization
{
public partial class ThisAddIn
{
private void ThisAddIn_Startup(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
OperatorContact operatorInstance = new OperatorContact(this.Application);
operatorInstance.Task();
}
private void ThisAddIn_Shutdown(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
}
#region VSTO 生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
/// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InternalStartup()
{
this.Startup += new System.EventHandler(ThisAddIn_Startup);
this.Shutdown += new System.EventHandler(ThisAddIn_Shutdown);
}
#endregion
}
class OperatorContact
{
public OperatorContact(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.Application application)
{
this.application = application;
}
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.Application application = null; // outlook程序实例
private static string addressBookName = "汤石集团通讯录";// 通讯录名称
private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder addressBookFolder = null; // 通讯录文件夹实例
public void Task()
{
new Thread(Run).Start();
}
/// <summary>
/// 开个新线程执行任务,不要堵塞原来的线程
/// </summary>
private void Run()
{
try
{
if (NeedUpdate())
{
addressBookFolder = getAddressBookFolder();// 覆盖式创建通讯录
List<Contact> remoteContacts = readRemoteContacts();// 读取远程邮箱通讯录
if (remoteContacts == null) return;
Adjust(remoteContacts);// 调整联系人和群组
updateClientVersion();// 更新本地通讯录版本号
}
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
const string path = @"C:\TONS\email-plugin-error.log";
FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(path);
long length = 0;
if (fileInfo.Exists && fileInfo.Length != 0) length = fileInfo.Length / 1024 / 1024;
if (length <= 3) File.AppendAllText(path, ex.Message + "\r\n");
else File.WriteAllText(path, ex.Message + "\r\n");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 覆盖式创建通讯录
/// </summary>
/// <returns>通讯录文件夹实例</returns>
private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder getAddressBookFolder()
{
// 获取用户第一个PST档的通讯录文件夹的枚举器
IEnumerator en = application.Session.Stores.Cast<Outlook.Store>().First()
.GetDefaultFolder(OlDefaultFolders.olFolderContacts)
.Folders.GetEnumerator();
bool exits = false;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder folder = null;
// 遍历文件夹
while (en.MoveNext()) {
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder current = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder)en.Current;
if (current.Name == addressBookName) {
exits = true;
folder = current;
}
}
if (!exits)
{
// 创建汤石集团通讯录,并映射成通讯录格式
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder newFolder = application.Session.Stores.Cast<Outlook.Store>().First()
.GetDefaultFolder(OlDefaultFolders.olFolderContacts)
.Folders.Add(addressBookName);
newFolder.ShowAsOutlookAB = true;// 设置成“联系人”文件夹
return newFolder;
}
else {
// 返回已经存在的同时集团通讯录文件夹,并删除里面的内容
int count = folder.Items.Count;
for (int i = count; i > 0; i--)
{
folder.Items.Remove(i);
}
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MAPIFolder deletedFolder = application.Session.GetDefaultFolder(OlDefaultFolders.olFolderDeletedItems);
count = deletedFolder.Items.Count;
for (int i = count; i > 0; i--)
{
deletedFolder.Items.Remove(i);
}
return folder;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 更新本地的铜须录版本
/// </summary>
private void updateClientVersion()
{
String path = @"C:\TONS\email-plugin-version.conf";
string version = getRemoteVersion();
if (!File.Exists(path))
{
File.WriteAllText(path,version);
}
else {
File.WriteAllText(path, version);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 判断是否需要更新
/// </summary>
/// <returns>boolean值</returns>
private bool NeedUpdate()
{
string remoteVersion = getRemoteVersion();
if (remoteVersion == null) return false;
string clientVersion = getClientVersion();
return !(clientVersion == remoteVersion);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取服务器的通讯录版本
/// </summary>
/// <returns>通讯录版本</returns>
private string getRemoteVersion()
{
List<Dictionary<string, object>> items = SelectList(
"SELECT TOP(1) [version] FROM TonsOfficeA..VersionControl WHERE applicationID = N'EmailContact'"
, "Server=192.168.2.1;Database=TonsOfficeA;uid=sa;pwd=dsc");
if (items == null) return null;
return items[0]["version"].ToString();
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取本地的通讯录版本
/// </summary>
/// <returns>通讯录版本</returns>
private string getClientVersion()
{
String path = @"C:\TONS\email-plugin-version.conf";
if (!File.Exists(path)) return null;
return File.ReadAllText(path);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取远程的通讯录
/// </summary>
/// <returns>联系人实例集合</returns>
private List<Contact> readRemoteContacts()
{
List<Contact> remoteContacts = new List<Contact>();
List<Dictionary<string, object>> items =
SelectList(
"select [emailAddress],[firstName],[lastName],[companyName],[department],[_group] as 'group',[jobTitle] from [TonsOfficeA].[dbo].[EmailContacts]",
"Server=192.168.2.1;Database=TonsOfficeA;uid=sa;pwd=dsc");
items.ForEach(it =>
{
Contact contact = new Contact();
contact.email1Address = it["emailAddress"].ToString();
contact.firstName = it["firstName"].ToString();
contact.lastName = it["lastName"].ToString();
contact.companyName = it["companyName"].ToString();
contact.department = it["department"].ToString();
if (it["jobTitle"] != null) contact.jobTitle = it["jobTitle"].ToString();
contact.groups = it["group"].ToString().Split(',').ToList();
remoteContacts.Add(contact);
});
return remoteContacts;
}
/// <summary>
/// 执行select语句
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sql">select语句</param>
/// <param name="connection">数据库链接语句</param>
/// <returns>List<Dictionary<string, object>>结果</returns>
/// <exception cref="System.Exception"></exception>
public List<Dictionary<string, object>> SelectList(string sql, string connection)
{
if (sql == null || connection == null || sql == "" || connection == "")
throw new System.Exception("未传入SQL语句或者Connection链接语句");
List<Dictionary<string, object>> list = new List<Dictionary<string, object>>();
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connection);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
try
{
conn.Open();
SqlDataReader sqlDataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);
if (sqlDataReader == null) return null;
while (sqlDataReader.Read())
{
int count = sqlDataReader.FieldCount;
if (count <= 0) continue;
Dictionary<string, object> map = new Dictionary<string, object>();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string name = sqlDataReader.GetName(i);
object value = sqlDataReader.GetValue(i);
map.Add(name, value);
}
list.Add(map);
}
conn.Close();
return list;
}
catch (System.Exception)
{
conn.Close();
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 调整通讯录联系人
/// </summary>
/// <param name="remoteContacts">数据库导入的联系人信息的源</param>
private void Adjust(List<Contact> remoteContacts)
{
// copy一份以来做群组
List<Contact> distListItems = new List<Contact>();
Contact[] tempItems = new Contact[remoteContacts.Count];
remoteContacts.CopyTo(tempItems);
tempItems.ToList().ForEach(it =>
{
it.groups.ForEach(g =>
{
Contact con = new Contact
{
firstName = it.firstName,
lastName = it.lastName,
email1Address = it.email1Address,
companyName = it.companyName,
department = it.department,
group = g
};
distListItems.Add(con);
});
});
// 添加联系人
remoteContacts.ForEach(it =>
{
ContactItem contact = addressBookFolder.Items.Add();
contact.FirstName = it.firstName;
contact.LastName = it.lastName;
contact.Email1Address = it.email1Address;
contact.CompanyName = it.companyName;
contact.Department = it.department;
if (it.jobTitle != null) contact.JobTitle = it.jobTitle;
contact.Save();
});
// 按群组分组,并创建群组保存
List<ContactStore> contactStores = distListItems
.GroupBy(it => it.group)
.Select(it => new ContactStore { group = it.Key, contacts = it.ToList() })
.ToList();
contactStores.ForEach(it =>
{
DistListItem myItem = addressBookFolder.Items.Add(OlItemType.olDistributionListItem);
it.contacts.ForEach(contact =>
{
string id = String.Format("{0}{1}({2})", contact.lastName, contact.firstName,
contact.email1Address);
Recipient recipient = application.Session.CreateRecipient(id);
recipient.Resolve();
myItem.AddMember(recipient);
});
myItem.DLName = it.group;
myItem.Save();
});
}
struct Contact
{
public string email1Address; // 邮箱
public string firstName; // 姓氏
public string lastName; // 姓名
public string companyName; // 公司名称
public string department; // 部门名称
public List<string> groups; // 分组集合
public string group; // 分组
public string jobTitle; // 职称
}
struct ContactStore
{
public string group;
public List<Contact> contacts;
}
}
}
打包、安装和卸载
右键项目 -> 发布
发布后你会看到这样的结构
点击setup.exe即可安装了
卸载需要使用VSTOInstaller.exe
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\microsoft shared\VSTO\10.0\VSTOInstaller.exe" /u "你的.vsto文件目录"