批量多主机节点间免密登录配置SHEEL脚本

原文

一、使用场景

在进行软件项目的实施部署过程中,经常需要在多个主机节点间登录操作,如果多个主机节点间已经配置了免密登录的话,将会对软件多主机节点实施部署工作效率有很大提高,例如已经免登录配置的服务器可以使用ansible-playbook自动化运维工具进行批量节点操作。那么怎么实现多个主机节点间批量配置免密登录呢?

二、免密配置

基于密钥配置主机192.168.1.1与主机192.168.1.2间的SSH免密登录步骤如下:

1、在192.168.1.1上生成一对密钥(公钥/私钥)

基于空口令使用ssh-keygen工具生成公钥和私钥生成一个新的ssh密钥,以实现无密码登录:

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa

2、在192.168.1.1将公钥发送给主机192.168.1.2,使用ssh-copy-id或scp命令:

在主机192.168.1.1上用ssh-copy-id命令:

ssh-copy-id root@192.168.1.2

或者在主机192.168.1.2上使用scp命令:

scp root@192.168.1.1:~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub id_rsa.pub.192.168.1.1

cat id_rsa.pub.192.168.1.1 >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys

注:(1)经过ssh-copy-id后接收公钥的192.168.1.2主机会把公钥追加到对应用户(这里为root)的$HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys文件中;(2)使用scp命令记得需要将id_rsa.pub内容追加到$HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys文件中。

三、批量配置

实现步骤如下:

(1)读取配置文件

(2)本地密钥对不存在则创建密钥

(3)登陆到各个主机上,使用ssh-keygen工具生成公钥和私钥

(4)拷贝将每个主机上的id_rsa.pub拷贝到本地,并汇总至authorized_keys

(5)将本地authorized_keys分发到每个主机上

四、脚本实现

(1)准备配置文件account.txt

192.168.1.1 root 123321
192.168.1.2 root 123321
192.168.1.3 root 123321
192.168.1.4 root 123321

(2)免登录配置脚本  (需要安装 expect)

#!/bin/bash
############################################
# Function :  配置账号免登录(完整版本)
# Author : tang
# Date : 2020-04-21
#
# Usage: sh auto_ssh_login.sh ./account.txt
#
############################################
 
FILENAME=$1
if [ ! -n "$FILENAME" ]; then
        echo "[ERROR]: no host ip address account file supplied!!!"
        echo "Usage : $0 [host_ip_account.txt]"
        exit 1
fi
 
# 读取配置文件
HOSTSADDR=()
USERNAMES=()
PASSWORDS=()
while read line; do
        if [ ! -n "$line" ]; then
                break 1
        fi
 
        ip=$(echo $line | cut -d " " -f1)        # 提取文件中的ip地址
        user_name=$(echo $line | cut -d " " -f2) # 提取文件中的用户名
        pass_word=$(echo $line | cut -d " " -f3) # 提取文件中的密码
        #echo "IP:$ip    User:$user_name   Password:$pass_word"
 
        if [ ! -n "$ip" ]; then
                echo "[ERROR]: File content format error,reason get [ip address] empty"
                exit 1
        fi
        if [ ! -n "$user_name" ]; then
                echo "[ERROR]: File content format error,reason get [user name] empty"
                exit 1
        fi
        if [ ! -n "$pass_word" ]; then
                echo "[ERROR]: File content format error,reason get [password] empty"
                exit 1
        fi
 
        if [ "$ip" == "$user_name" ]; then
                echo "[ERROR]: File content format error,reason invalid file format"
                exit 1
        fi
 
        HOSTSADDR[${#HOSTSADDR[*]}]=$ip
        USERNAMES[${#USERNAMES[*]}]=$user_name
        PASSWORDS[${#PASSWORDS[*]}]=$pass_word
done <$FILENAME
 
# 本地密钥对不存在则创建密钥
[ ! -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ] && ssh-keygen -t rsa -p '' &>/dev/null
 
# 首先登陆到各个主机上,使用ssh-keygen工具生成公钥和私钥
echo "#### [1] call ssh-keygen to generate key..."
for ((i = 0; i < ${#HOSTSADDR[@]}; i++)); do
        ip=${HOSTSADDR[$i]}
        user_name=${USERNAMES[$i]}
        pass_word=${PASSWORDS[$i]}
        echo "IP:$ip    User:$user_name   Password:$pass_word"
 
        expect <<EOF
                spawn ssh $user_name@$ip "rm -rf  ~/.ssh; ssh-keygen -t rsa -N '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -q"
                expect {
                        "yes/no" { send "yes\n";exp_continue}     
                        "password" { send "$pass_word\n"}
                }
                expect eof 
EOF
done
 
# 其次,拷贝将每个主机上的id_rsa.pub拷贝到本地,并汇总至authorized_keys
echo "#### [2] copy remote public key to local..."
 
TMP_AUTHORIZED_KEYS="./.id_rsa.pub.$ip.tmp"
for ((i = 0; i < ${#HOSTSADDR[@]}; i++)); do
        ip=${HOSTSADDR[$i]}
        user_name=${USERNAMES[$i]}
        pass_word=${PASSWORDS[$i]}
        echo "IP:$ip    User:$user_name   Password:$pass_word"
 
        TMP_FILE="./.id_rsa.pub.$ip.tmp"
        expect <<EOF
                spawn scp $user_name@$ip:~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub  $TMP_FILE
                expect {
                        "yes/no" { send "yes\n";exp_continue}     
                        "password" { send "$pass_word\n"}
                }
                expect eof 
EOF
 
        cat $TMP_FILE >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
        rm -f $TMP_FILE
done
 
# 最后,将本地authorized_keys分发到每个主机上
echo "#### [3] send local key to each host..."
for ((i = 0; i < ${#HOSTSADDR[@]}; i++)); do
        ip=${HOSTSADDR[$i]}
        user_name=${USERNAMES[$i]}
        pass_word=${PASSWORDS[$i]}
        echo "IP:$ip    User:$user_name   Password:$pass_word"
 
        CMD="scp /root/.ssh/authorized_keys root@$ip:/root/.ssh/authorized_keys"
        if [ "$user_name" != "root" ]; then
                CMD="scp /home/$user_name/.ssh/authorized_keys $user_name@$ip:/home/$user_name/.ssh/authorized_keys"
        fi
 
        expect <<EOF
                spawn $CMD  
                expect {
                        "yes/no" { send "yes\n";exp_continue}     
                        "password" { send "$pass_word\n"}
                }
                expect eof 
EOF
done
 
echo "[INFO]: config auto ssh success!"

 

posted @ 2020-10-12 16:52  嘿.嘿.嘿  阅读(559)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报