Android弹幕编程设计实现的解决方案(一)
Android弹幕编程设计实现的解决方案(一)
在现在的一些视频类网站、视频类直播网站,比如A站和B站,当视频在播放的时候,会在屏幕上出现一些滚动的字幕,这些字幕是UGC,通常是用户的评论,称之为“弹幕”,这些弹幕一般从右往左滚动,以符合人类的阅读习惯。
现在给出一个实现Android平台上的弹幕编程设计实现方案。
(1)要注意的是,一般视频播放是一个view,比如是VideoView,弹幕是在VideoView上面滚动,这就要求弹幕必须和VideoView完全密合在一起,至少在视觉上让用户看上去觉得这就是直接在视频画面上写上去的。那么在下面的这个例子中,就干脆直接继承自一个相对布局RelativeLayout。因为是一个布局文件,如果使用VideoView这类的播放器,就好办了,直接设置view的layout宽和高均为match_parent即可。
(2)弹幕一般是随机批量显示。我观察了一些热门网站的弹幕显示,它们是随机的,我在处理弹幕字幕文本时候,设计了一个set方法,一次性批量喂给弹幕一个数据池子(实际上就是在弹幕类里面的一个LinkedList数据队列texts),让弹幕从这些池子中每次随机抽出一个显示。假设上层应用的文本有更新(比如用户有新的评论添加进来),直接追加到队列头部。
以下是全部源代码实现。
核心关键的弹幕相对布局BarrageRelativeLayout.java:
package zhangphil.demo; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Color; import android.graphics.Rect; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.text.TextPaint; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.animation.AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator; import android.view.animation.Animation; import android.view.animation.TranslateAnimation; import android.widget.RelativeLayout; import android.widget.TextView; import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.Random; public class BarrageRelativeLayout extends RelativeLayout { private Context mContext; private Handler mHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { super.handleMessage(msg); if(msg.what==RANDOM_SHOW) { String text = texts.get(random.nextInt(texts.size())); BarrageTextItem item = new BarrageTextItem(text); showBarrageItem(item); //每个弹幕产生的间隔时间随机 int duration = (int) ((BARRAGE_GAP_MAX_DURATION - BARRAGE_GAP_MIN_DURATION) * Math.random()); this.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(RANDOM_SHOW, duration); } } }; public static int RANDOM_SHOW=0x0a1; public static int SEQ_SHOW=0x0a2; private Random random = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis()); private static final long BARRAGE_GAP_MIN_DURATION = 1000;//两个弹幕的最小间隔时间 private static final long BARRAGE_GAP_MAX_DURATION = 2000;//两个弹幕的最大间隔时间 private int maxSpeed = 10000;//速度,ms private int minSpeed = 5000;//速度,ms private int maxSize = 30;//文字大小,dp private int minSize = 15;//文字大小,dp private int totalHeight = 0; private int lineHeight = 0;//每一行弹幕的高度 private int totalLine = 0;//弹幕的行数 private LinkedList<String> texts = null; public BarrageRelativeLayout(Context context) { this(context, null); } public BarrageRelativeLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { this(context, attrs, 0); } public BarrageRelativeLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) { super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); mContext = context; init(); } private void init() { texts = new LinkedList<String>(); } public void show(int type){ int duration = (int) ((BARRAGE_GAP_MAX_DURATION - BARRAGE_GAP_MIN_DURATION) * Math.random()); mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(type, duration); } //显示一批弹幕文本 //相当于给弹幕设置数据源 public void setBarrageTexts(LinkedList<String> texts) { this.texts = texts; } //头部第一个位置追加,最新的。 public void addBarrageText(String text) { this.texts.add(0,text); } @Override public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean hasWindowFocus) { super.onWindowFocusChanged(hasWindowFocus); totalHeight = getMeasuredHeight(); lineHeight = getLineHeight(); totalLine = totalHeight / lineHeight; } private void showBarrageItem(final BarrageTextItem item) { int leftMargin = this.getRight() - this.getLeft() - this.getPaddingLeft(); LayoutParams params = new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); params.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_PARENT_TOP); params.topMargin = item.verticalPos; this.addView(item.textView, params); Animation anim = generateTranslateAnim(item, leftMargin); anim.setAnimationListener(new Animation.AnimationListener() { @Override public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) { } @Override public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) { item.textView.clearAnimation(); BarrageRelativeLayout.this.removeView(item.textView); } @Override public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) { } }); item.textView.startAnimation(anim); } private TranslateAnimation generateTranslateAnim(BarrageTextItem item, int leftMargin) { TranslateAnimation anim = new TranslateAnimation(leftMargin, -item.textMeasuredWidth, 0, 0); anim.setDuration(item.moveSpeed); anim.setInterpolator(new AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator()); anim.setFillAfter(true); return anim; } /** * 计算TextView中字符串的长度 * * @param text 要计算的字符串 * @param Size 字体大小 * @return TextView中字符串的长度 */ public float getTextWidth(BarrageTextItem item, String text, float Size) { Rect bounds = new Rect(); TextPaint paint; paint = item.textView.getPaint(); paint.getTextBounds(text, 0, text.length(), bounds); return bounds.width(); } /** * 获得每一行弹幕的最大高度 * * @return */ private int getLineHeight() { BarrageTextItem item = new BarrageTextItem(); //传递进去一个非空字符串,目的是为了获得一个计算值 String tx = "no null data"; item.textView = new TextView(mContext); item.textView.setText(tx); item.textView.setTextSize(maxSize); Rect bounds = new Rect(); TextPaint paint; paint = item.textView.getPaint(); paint.getTextBounds(tx, 0, tx.length(), bounds); return bounds.height(); } //弹幕的一个文本item public class BarrageTextItem { public TextView textView; public int textColor; public String text; public int textSize; public int moveSpeed;//移动速度 public int verticalPos;//垂直方向显示的位置 public int textMeasuredWidth;//字体显示占据的宽度 public BarrageTextItem() { } public BarrageTextItem(String text) { this.textSize = (int) (minSize + (maxSize - minSize) * Math.random()); this.text = text; this.textColor = Color.rgb(random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256)); this.textView = new TextView(mContext); textView.setText(text); textView.setTextSize(textSize); textView.setTextColor(textColor); textMeasuredWidth = (int) getTextWidth(this, text, textSize); moveSpeed = (int) (minSpeed + (maxSpeed - minSpeed) * Math.random()); if (totalLine == 0) { totalHeight = getMeasuredHeight(); lineHeight = getLineHeight(); totalLine = totalHeight / lineHeight; } verticalPos = random.nextInt(totalLine) * lineHeight; } } }
直接写进布局当作一个一般的相对布局使用:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="zhangphil.demo.MainActivity"> <zhangphil.demo.BarrageRelativeLayout android:id="@+id/barrageView" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="@android:color/white" /> </RelativeLayout>
上层activity使用方法:
package zhangphil.demo; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import java.util.LinkedList; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); BarrageRelativeLayout mBarrageRelativeLayout = (BarrageRelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.barrageView); String[] itemText = {"zhangphil@csdn 0", "zhangphil 1", "zhang phil 2","zhang 3","phil 4","zhangphil ... 5", "***zhangphil 6", "zhang phil csdn 7", "zhang ... phil 8", "phil... 9", "http://blog.csdn.net/zhangphil 10"}; LinkedList<String> texts=new LinkedList<String>(); for(int i=0;i<itemText.length;i++){ texts.add(itemText[i]); } mBarrageRelativeLayout.setBarrageTexts(texts); mBarrageRelativeLayout.show(BarrageRelativeLayout.RANDOM_SHOW); } }
代码运行结果(弹幕从右往左滚动显示):