ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX中Webservice调用方法示例

ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX中能够在客户端js中很方便地调用服务器Webservice,以下为一些调用的示例。笔者安装的ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX

版本为AJAX November CTP

三个示例分别为:
1 带参数的WS方法
2 不带参数的WS方法
3 参数类型为DataTable的WS方法

一、WebMethod
注意要点:
1 WebMethod类需要添加命名空间 Microsoft.Web.Script.Services,此空间需要引用Microsoft.Web.Preview.dll
2 类声明加入标签 [ScriptService]
3 在Asp.net 2.0里可以直接用DataTable作为返回类型了,但是需要在Web.config文件添加序列化转换器的属性。DataSet、DataTable、DataRow均有转换器

  <system.web.extensions>
    
<scripting>
      
<webServices>
        
<jsonSerialization>
          
<converters>
            
<add name="DataSetConverter" type="Microsoft.Web.Preview.Script.Serialization.Converters.DataSetConverter, Microsoft.Web.Preview"/>
            
<add name="DataRowConverter" type="Microsoft.Web.Preview.Script.Serialization.Converters.DataRowConverter, Microsoft.Web.Preview"/>
            
<add name="DataTableConverter" type="Microsoft.Web.Preview.Script.Serialization.Converters.DataTableConverter, Microsoft.Web.Preview"/>
          
</converters>
        
</jsonSerialization>
      
</webServices>
    
</scripting>
  
</system.web.extensions>

WEB服务1:WS1

using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using Microsoft.Web.Script.Services;
using System.Data;
/// <summary>
/// WS1 的摘要说明
/// </summary>

[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo 
= WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[ScriptService]
public class WS1 : System.Web.Services.WebService {

    
public WS1 () {

        
//如果使用设计的组件,请取消注释以下行 
        
//InitializeComponent(); 
    }


    [WebMethod]
    
public string ServerTime()
    
{
        
return String.Format("now: {0}", DateTime.Now);
    }


    [WebMethod]
    
public DataTable GetDataTable()
    
{
        DataTable dt 
= new DataTable("Person");

        dt.Columns.Add(
new DataColumn("Name"typeof(string)));
        dt.Columns.Add(
new DataColumn("LastName"typeof(string)));
        dt.Columns.Add(
new DataColumn("Email"typeof(string)));

        dt.Rows.Add(
"kui""he""hekui168@163.com");
        dt.Rows.Add(
"ren""chao""chaoren888@163.com");

        
return dt;
    }

}


WEB服务2:WS

using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using Microsoft.Web.Script.Services;

/// <summary>
/// WS 的摘要说明
/// </summary>

[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo 
= WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[ScriptService]
public class WS : System.Web.Services.WebService {

    
public WS () {

        
//如果使用设计的组件,请取消注释以下行 
        
//InitializeComponent(); 
    }


    [WebMethod]
    [ScriptMethod(UseHttpGet 
= true)]
    
public string HelloWorld(String query)
    
{
        
string inputString = Server.HtmlEncode(query);
        
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(inputString))
        
{
            
return String.Format("hello, {0}. ", inputString);
        }

        
else
        
{
            
return "query string is null or empty";
        }

    }


}


二、前台页面:
注意要点:
需要使用的后台WebService的方法均设置在如下位置

        <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">
            
<Services>
                
<asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS.asmx" />
                
<asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS1.asmx" />
            
</Services>
        
</asp:ScriptManager>

Default页面:

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    
<title>Untitled Page</title>

    
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="js.js">
    
</script>

</head>
<body>
    
<form id="form1" runat="server">
        
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">
            
<Services>
                
<asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS.asmx" />
                
<asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS1.asmx" />
            
</Services>
        
</asp:ScriptManager>
        
<div>
            
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClientClick="dd();return false;" />
            
<div id="time">
            
</div>
            
<div id="List1">
                
<asp:DropDownList ID="ddl1" runat="server" Width="187px">
                
</asp:DropDownList>
                
</div>
            
        
</div>
    
</form>
</body>
</html>

三、JavaScript程序:
注意要点:
AJAX November CTP 需要用 eval() 方法将其转换成一个DataTable对象(并且要裁掉最前面的"("),而AJAX December CTP 支持以下方法转换“Sys.Preview.Data.DataTable.parseFromJson(result)”

    function dd()
    
{
        WS.HelloWorld(   
                         'hekui', 
                         
function(result) 
                         

                            alert(result); 
                         }
 
                     );
        WS1.ServerTime(  
                         
function(result) 
                         

                            alert(result); 
                            
var divTime = document.getElementById("time");
                            divTime.innerHTML 
= result;
                         }
 
                     );
       WS1.GetDataTable(
                         
function(result) 
                         
{
                            
// 获取到下拉框控件
                            var List = document.getElementById("ddl1"); 
                                                       
                            
//AJAX November CTP 需要用 eval() 方法将其转换成一个DataTable对象(并且要裁掉最前面的"(")
                            var Text= result.dataArray.substring(0,result.dataArray.length -1);            
                            
var Table = eval( Text);
                            
                            
//AJAX December CTP 支持以下方法转换
//
                            var Table = Sys.Preview.Data.DataTable.parseFromJson(result);
                            
                            
//清除下拉框原有列表项
                            for (x=List.options.length-1; x > -1; x--
                            
{
                                List.remove(
0);
                            }

                            
                            
//从获取的DataTable添加数据到下拉框列表项
                            for (x=0; x < Table.length; x++ )
                            
{
                                
//获取每一行
                                var Row = Table[x];          
                                
//创建一个列表项                  
                                var option = document.createElement("option"); 
                                
//列表项显示文本赋值
                                option.text = Row.Name + " " + Row.LastName;   
                                
//列表项选项值赋值
                                option.value = Row.Email;                      

                                
//判断浏览器类型,进行项目添加     
                                if ( window.navigator.appName.toLowerCase().indexOf("microsoft"> -1
                                   List.add(option);  
                                
else
                                   List.add(option, 
null);          
                            }

                         }

                       );
    }

示例代码:/Files/heekui/AJAXStudy.rar

posted on 2007-01-10 02:43  网际浪人  阅读(10905)  评论(8编辑  收藏  举报