KVM | centos 安装 window 虚拟机

KVM | centos 安装 window 虚拟机

环境： CENTOS 7.3

1. 准备

1.1 检查是否支持虚拟化

cat /proc/cpuinfo | egrep 'vmx|svm'
要求结果中返回相关字段

1.2 关闭 selinux

vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
要求SELINUX=disabled

2. 安装

1. yum -y install qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-tools
2. yum -y install libvirt python-virtinst libvirt-python virt-manager libguestfs-tools bridge-utils virt-install

2.1 加载 KVM

 lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel             170181  0
kvm                   554609  1 kvm_intel
irqbypass              13503  1 kvm

2.2 启动 KVM

systemctl start libvirtd.service
systemctl enable libvirtd.service  
systemctl status libvirtd  
systemctl is-enabled libvirtd  

2.3 搭建网桥

将原有网卡的配置备份一份，然后进行修改
物理网卡的配置ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0
BRIDGE=br0  #指向网桥br0
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet

ifcfg-br0网卡配置

TYPE=Bridge
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=10.24.18.151
GATEWAY=10.24.18.254
NETMASK=255.255.255.128

因为我这是同时连接了2个网段，因此还会设置eth2和br2,区别就是，网关只能在一个口上设置。

systemctl restart network.service后即可。
brctl show可以看到网桥名字

2.4 安装 VNC 环境

yum -y install tigervnc tigervnc-server

virt-install --name $name --ram $ram --vcpus=$cpu --disk path=$img,size=$sizeG --network bridge=$eth --os-type=windows --os-variant=$os --cdrom $iso --vnclisten=$ip --vncport=$port --vnc

--name: 虚拟机名称
--ram：虚拟机内存
--vcpus：虚拟机 CPU 个数
--cdrom：从本地安装
--disk: 生成的磁盘文件路径，以及磁盘大小
--network：网络模式，默认为 nat

或直接拷贝现有的配置文件/etc/libvirt/qemu/目录下xml文件。

<!--
WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE
OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using:
  virsh edit win8_8_200_6902
or other application using the libvirt API.
-->

<domain type='kvm'>
  <name>win8_8_200_wx_3</name>
  <uuid>29420437-571d-4965-7c54-b27d3311b95a</uuid> # 有多个node的话要不同的值
  <memory>8388608</memory>
  <currentMemory>8388608</currentMemory>
  <vcpu>2</vcpu>
  <os>
    <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0'>hvm</type> #支持的服务器类型可用命令查看
    <boot dev='hd'/>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
    <pae/>
  </features>
  <clock offset='localtime'/>
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>restart</on_crash>
  <devices>
    <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> # 这位实际的位置，默认是在此目录
    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
      <source file='/data/iso/win8_8.img'/>  # 镜像包位置
      <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
      <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' unit='0'/>
    </disk>
    <disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
      <source file='/data/iso/win8_8.img'/>
      <target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/>
      <readonly/>
      <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' unit='0'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type='ide' index='0'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <interface type='bridge'>
      <mac address='60:f1:8a:30:27:10'/> # 这必须注意，MAC地址不能和机器上的地址相同
      <source bridge='br0'/>  # 否则会有环路报警，可随意写个不同的即可
      <target dev='vnet0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/> # 不同网口slot不同
    </interface>
    <interface type='bridge'>
      <mac address='60:f1:8a:30:27:11'/> # 同上
      <source bridge='br2'/>
      <target dev='vnet1'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type='pty'>
      <target port='0'/>
    </serial>
    <console type='pty'>
      <target type='serial' port='0'/>
    </console>
    <input type='tablet' bus='usb'/>
    <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
    <graphics type='vnc' port='6901' autoport='no' listen='10.24.18.151'> # vnc连接监控端口
      <listen type='address' address='10.24.18.151'/>
    </graphics>
    <video>
      <model type='vga' vram='9216' heads='1'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
    </video>
    <memballoon model='virtio'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
    </memballoon>
  </devices>
</domain>

virsh list --all 列出所有虚拟机

# virsh list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 3     win_2008                       running
 5     win8_8_200                     running

然后就可以通过vnc viewer来远程访问这个window了，进去之后配置网卡等或管理BMC

virsh shutdown win8_8_200用于关闭
virsh start win8_8_200 用于启动
virsh destroy win8: 销毁虚拟机
virsh undefine win_2008 从列表中删除

参考

https://github.com/jaywcjlove/handbook/blob/master/CentOS/CentOS7安装KVM虚拟机详解.md