任务一：

//t.h
#include"t.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;
const std::string T::doc{"a simple class sample"};
const int T::max_cnt=999;
int T::cnt=0;
T::T(int x,int y):m1{x},m2{y}{
    ++cnt;
    cout<<"T constructor called.\n";
}
T::T(const T &t):m1{t.m1},m2{t.m2}{
    ++cnt;
    cout<<"T copy constructor called.\n";
}
T::T(T &&t):m1{t.m1},m2{t.m2}{
    ++cnt;
    cout<<"T move constructor called.\n";
}
T::~T(){
    --cnt;
    cout<<"T destructor called.\n";
}
void T::adjust(int ratio){
    m1*=ratio;
    m2*=ratio;
}
void T::display() const{
    cout<<"("<<m1<<","<<m2<<")";
}
int T::get_cnt(){
    return cnt;
}
void func(){
    T t5(42);
    t5.m2=2049;
    cout<<"t5=";
    t5.display();
    cout<<endl;
}


//t.cpp
#pragma once
#include <string>
// 类T: 声明
class T {
// 对象属性、方法
public:
    T(int x = 0, int y = 0); // 普通构造函数
    T(const T &t); // 复制构造函数
    T(T &&t); // 移动构造函数
    ~T(); // 析构函数
    void adjust(int ratio);
    void display() const;
private:
    int m1,m2;
public:
    static int get_cnt();
public:
    static const std::string doc;
    static const int max_cnt;
private:
    static int cnt;
    friend void func();
};
void func();






//task1.cpp
#include"t.h"
#include<iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
void test();
int main(){
    test();
    cout<<"\nmain:\n";
    cout<<"T objects'current count:"<<T::get_cnt()<<endl;
}
void test(){
    cout<<"test class T:\n";
    cout<<"T info:"<<T::doc<<endl;
    cout<<"T object'max xount:"<<T::max_cnt<<endl;
    cout<<"T object'current count:"<<T::get_cnt()<<endl<<endl;
    T t1;
    cout<<"t1=";
    t1.display();
    cout<<endl;
    T t2(3,4);
    cout<<"t2=";t2.display();cout<<endl;
    T t3(t2);
    t3.adjust(2);
    cout<<"t3=";t3.display();cout<<endl;
    T t4(std::move(t2));
    cout<<"t3=";t4.display();cout<<endl;
    cout <<"T objeacts'current count:"<<T::get_cnt()<<endl;
    func();
}




 


问题1：不能




func()函数未声明


问题2：复制构造函数：用于创建一个新的对象，作为现有对象的副本


移动构造函数：用于从一个“右值”移动资源到新对象，避免不必要的复制


析构函数：在对象生命周期结束时自动调用，用于释放对象占用的资源


 问题3：程序不能正常编译


任务二：




#ifndef COMPLEX_H  
#define COMPLEX_H  
#include <iostream>  
#include <string>  
#include <cmath>  
class Complex {  
public:   
    static const std::string doc;   
    Complex();  
    Complex(double real);  
    Complex(double real, double imag);  
    Complex(const Complex& other); 
    double get_real() const;  
    double get_imag() const;  
    void add(const Complex& other);  
    friend Complex add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);  
    friend bool is_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);  
    friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);  
    friend void output(const Complex& c);  
    friend double abs(const Complex& c);  
private:  
    double real;  
    double imag;  
}; 
#endif // COMPLEX_H






#include "Complex.h"   
const std::string Complex::doc = "a simplified complex class";   
Complex::Complex() : real(0), imag(0) {} 
Complex::Complex(double real) : real(real), imag(0) {}  
Complex::Complex(double real, double imag) : real(real), imag(imag) {}  
Complex::Complex(const Complex& other) : real(other.real), imag(other.imag) {}  
double Complex::get_real() const {  
    return real;  
}  
double Complex::get_imag() const {  
    return imag;  
}  
void Complex::add(const Complex& other) {  
    real += other.real;  
    imag += other.imag;  
}   
Complex add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {  
    return Complex(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imag + c2.imag);  
}  
bool is_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {  
    return c1.real == c2.real && c1.imag == c2.imag;  
}  
bool is_not_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {  
    return !(c1.real == c2.real && c1.imag == c2.imag);  
}  
void output(const Complex& c) {  
    std::cout << c.real;  
    if (c.imag >= 0)  
        std::cout << "+";  
    std::cout << c.imag << "i" << std::endl;  
}  
double abs(const Complex& c) {  
    return std::sqrt(c.real * c.real + c.imag * c.imag);  
}






#include "Complex.h"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::boolalpha;

void test() {
    cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
    cout << Complex::doc << endl;

    cout << endl;

    cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
    Complex c1;
    Complex c2(3, -4);
    const Complex c3(3.5);
    Complex c4(c3);

    cout << "c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
    cout << "c2 = "; output(c2); cout << endl;
    cout << "c3 = "; output(c3); cout << endl;
    cout << "c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
    cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;

    cout << endl;

    cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
    cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
    c1.add(c2);
    cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
    cout << boolalpha;
    cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
    cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
    c4 = add(c2, c3);
    cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
}

int main() {
    test();
}






 


任务三：




 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <complex>
 3 
 4 using std::cout;
 5 using std::endl;
 6 using std::boolalpha;
 7 using std::complex;
 8 
 9 void test() {
10     cout << "标准库模板类comple测试: " << endl;
11     complex<double> c1;
12     complex<double> c2(3, -4);
13     const complex<double> c3(3.5);
14     complex<double> c4(c3);
15 
16     cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
17     cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
18     cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
19     cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
20     cout << "c4.real = " << c4.real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.imag() << endl;
21     cout << endl;
22 
23     cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
24     cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
25     c1 += c2;
26     cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = " << c1 << endl;
27     cout << boolalpha;
28     cout << "c1 == c2 : " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
29     cout << "c1 != c3 : " << (c1 != c3) << endl;
30     c4 = c2 + c3;
31     cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = " << c4 << endl;
32 }
33 
34 int main() {
35     test();
36 }






 


任务四：




#pragma once
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Fraction{
    public:
        static const string doc;
    public:
        Fraction(int x,int y=1);
        Fraction(const Fraction &f);
        const int get_up();
        const int get_down();
        Fraction negative();
    public:
        friend void output(const Fraction &f);
        friend Fraction add(Fraction f1,Fraction f2);
        friend Fraction sub(Fraction f1,Fraction f2);
        friend Fraction mul(Fraction f1,Fraction f2);
        friend Fraction div(Fraction f1,Fraction f2);
    private:
        int up;
        int down;
};






#include<iostream>
#include"Fraction.h"
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int max(int x,int y){
    int a=abs(x);
    int b=abs(y);
    while (b)
    {
        int tmp=a;
        a=b;
        b=tmp%b;
    }
    return a;
}
const string Fraction::doc="Fraction类 v 0.01版.\n目前仅支持分数对象的构造，输出，加/减/乘/除运算.\n";
Fraction::Fraction(int x,int y):up{x},down{y}{}
Fraction::Fraction(const Fraction &f):up{f.up},down{f.down}{}
const int Fraction::get_up(){
    return up/max(up,down);
}
const int Fraction::get_down(){
    return down/max(up,down);
}
Fraction Fraction::negative(){
    int new_up=-up;
    Fraction f(new_up,down);
    return f;
}
void output(const Fraction &f){
    if (f.down==0)
    {
        cout<<"分母不能为0";
        return ;
    }
    int new_down=f.down/max(f.up,f.down);
    if (new_down==1)
        cout<<f.up/max(f.up,f.down);
    else if (f.up*f.down>0)
        cout<<abs(f.up)/max(f.up,f.down)<<"/"<<abs(f.down)/max(f.up,f.down);
    else
        cout<<"-"<<abs(f.up)/max(f.up,f.down)<<"/"<<abs(f.down)/max(f.up,f.down);
}
Fraction sub(Fraction f1,Fraction f2)
{
    int new_down=f1.down*f2.down;
    int new_up=f1.up*f2.down-f2.up*f1.down;
    new_up/=max(new_up,new_down);new_down/=max(new_up,new_down);
    Fraction f(new_up,new_down);
    return f;
}
Fraction add(const Fraction f1,const Fraction f2)
{
    int new_down=f1.down*f2.down;
    int new_up=f1.up*f2.down+f2.up*f1.down;
    new_up/=max(new_up,new_down);new_down/=max(new_up,new_down);
    Fraction f(new_up,new_down);
    return f;
}
Fraction div(Fraction f1,Fraction f2)
{

    int new_up=f1.up*f2.down;
    int new_down=f1.down*f2.up;
    new_up/=max(new_up,new_down);new_down/=max(new_up,new_down);
    Fraction f(new_up,new_down);
    return f;
}
Fraction mul(Fraction f1,Fraction f2)
{
    int new_up=f1.up*f2.up;
    int new_down=f1.down*f2.down;
    new_up/=max(new_up,new_down);new_down/=max(new_up,new_down);
    Fraction f(new_up,new_down);
    return f;
}






#include "Fraction.h"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;


void test1() {
    cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
    cout << Fraction::doc << endl << endl;

    Fraction f1(5);
    Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
    Fraction f4(f3);
    cout << "f1 = "; output(f1); cout << endl;
    cout << "f2 = "; output(f2); cout << endl;
    cout << "f3 = "; output(f3); cout << endl;
    cout << "f4 = "; output(f4); cout << endl;

    Fraction f5(f4.negative());
    cout << "f5 = "; output(f5); cout << endl;
    cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " << f5.get_down() << endl;

    cout << "f1 + f2 = "; output(add(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f1 - f2 = "; output(sub(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f1 * f2 = "; output(mul(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f1 / f2 = "; output(div(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f4 + f5 = "; output(add(f4, f5)); cout << endl;
}

void test2() {
    Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
    cout << "f6 = "; output(f6); cout << endl;
    cout << "f7 = "; output(f7); cout << endl;
    cout << "f6 / f7 = "; output(div(f6, f7)); cout << endl;
}

int main() {
    cout << "测试1: Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
    test1();

    cout << "\n测试2: 分母为0测试: \n";
    test2();
}






 


任务五：




 1 //account.h
 2 #ifndef__ACCOUNT_H__
 3 #define__ACCOUNT_H__
 4 class SavingAccount{           //储蓄账户类 
 5 private:
 6     int id;                    //账号
 7     double balance;               //余额
 8     double rate;               //存款的年利率 
 9     int lastDate;              //上次变更余额的时间
10     double accumulation;       //余额按日累加之和 
11     static double total;       //所有账户的总金额
12     //记录一笔账，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为说明
13     void record(int date,double amount);
14     //获得到指定日期为止的存款金额按日累积值
15     double accumulate(int date)const{
16         return accumulation+balance*(date-lastDate);
17     } 
18 public:
19     //构造函数
20     SavingsAccount(int date,int id,double rate);
21     int getId()const{return id;}
22     double getBalance()const{return balance;}
23     double getRate()const{return rate;}
24     static double getTotal()const{return total;}
25     void deposit(int date ,double amount);    //存入现金 
26     void withdraw(int date,double amount);      //取出现金
27     //结算利息，每年1月1日调用一次该函数
28     void settle(int date);
29     //显示账户信息
30     void show()const; 
31 };
32 #endif/ /__ACCOUNT_H__






 1 //account.cpp
 2 #include"account.h"
 3 #include<cmath>
 4 #include<iostream>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 double SavingsAccount::total=0;
 7 //SavingsAccount类相关成员函数的实现
 8 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(int date,int id,double rate)
 9     :id(id),balance(0),rate(rate),lastDate(date),accumulation(0){
10         cout<<date<<"\t#"<<id<<"is created"<<endl;
11 }
12 void SavingsAcount::record(int date,double amount){
13     accumulation=accmulate(date);
14     lastDate=date;
15     amount=floor(amount*100+0.5)/100;     //保留小数点后两位 
16     balance+=amount;
17     total+=amount;
18     cout<<date<<"\t#"<<id<<"\t"<<amount<<"\t"<<balance<<endl; 
19 } 
20 void SavingsAccount::deposit(int date,double amount){
21     record(date,amount);
22 }
23 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(int date,double amount){
24     if(amount>getBalance())
25         cout<<"Error:not enough money"<<endl;
26     else
27         record(date-amount);    
28 }
29 void SavingsAccount::settle(int date){
30     double interest=accumulate(date)*rate/365;    //计算年息
31     if(interest!=0)
32         record(date,interest);
33     accumulation=0;     
34 }
35 void SavingsAccount::show()const{
36     cout<<"#"<<id<<"\tBalance:"<<balance;
37 }






 1 #include"account.h"
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 int main(){
 5     //建立几个账户
 6     SavingsAccount sa0(1,21325302,0.015);
 7     SavingsAccount sa1(1,58320212,0.015);
 8     //几笔账目
 9     sa0.deposit(5,5000);
10     sa1.deposit(25,10000);
11     sa0.deposit(45,5500)
12     sa1.withdraw(60,4000);
13     //开户后第90天到了银行的计息日，结算所有账户的年息
14     sa0.settle(90);
15     sa1.settle(90);
16     //输出各个账户信息
17     sa0.show();cout<<endl;
18     sa1.show();cout<<endl;
19     cout<<"Total:"<<SavingSAccount::getTotal()<<endl;
20     return 0; 
21 }