sql分页存储过程方法

有关分页 SQL 的资料很多,有的使用存储过程,有的使用游标。本人不喜欢使用游标,我觉得它耗资、效率低;使用存储过程是个不错的选择,因为存储过程是经过预编译的,执行效率高,也更灵活。先看看单条 SQL 语句的分页 SQL 吧。其它的方案:如果没有主键,可以用临时表,也可以用方案三做,但是效率会低。

方法1:
适用于 SQL Server 2000/2005

复制代码
SELECT TOP 页大小 *
FROM table1
WHERE id NOT IN
(
SELECT TOP 页大小*(页数-1) id FROM table1 ORDER BY id
)
ORDER BY id
复制代码

方法2:
适用于 SQL Server 2000/2005

复制代码
SELECT TOP 页大小 *
FROM table1
WHERE id >
(
SELECT ISNULL(MAX(id),0)
FROM
(
SELECT TOP 页大小*(页数-1) id FROM table1 ORDER BY id
) A
)
ORDER BY id
复制代码

方法3:
适用于 SQL Server 2005

SELECT TOP 页大小 *
FROM
(
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY id) AS RowNumber,* FROM table1
) A
WHERE RowNumber > 页大小*(页数-1)

说明,页大小:每页的行数;页数:第几页。使用时,请把“页大小”和“页大小*(页数-1)”替换成数字。

建议优化的时候,加上主键和索引,查询效率会提高。

通过SQL 查询分析器,显示比较:我的结论是:
分页方案二:(利用ID大于多少和SELECT TOP分页)效率最高,需要拼接SQL语句
分页方案一:(利用Not In和SELECT TOP分页)   效率次之,需要拼接SQL语句
分页方案三:(利用SQL的游标存储过程分页)    效率最差,但是最为通用

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

不同分页存储过程分析

OK,我们首先创建一数据库:data_Test,并在此数据库中创建一表:tb_TestTable

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1create database data_Test --创建数据库data_Test
2GO
3use data_Test
4GO
5create table tb_TestTable --创建表
6(
7 id int identity(1,1) primary key,
8 userName nvarchar(20) not null,
9 userPWD nvarchar(20) not null,
10 userEmail nvarchar(40) null
11)
12GO

然后我们在数据表中插入2000000条数据:

1--插入数据
2set identity_insert tb_TestTable on
3declare @count int
4set @count=1
5while @count<=2000000
6begin
7 insert into tb_TestTable(id,userName,userPWD,userEmail) values(@count,'admin','admin888','lli0077@yahoo.com.cn')
8 set @count=@count+1
9end
10set identity_insert tb_TestTable off

我首先写了五个常用存储过程:
1,利用select top 和select not in进行分页,具体代码如下:

1create procedure proc_paged_with_notin --利用select top and select not in
2(
3 @pageIndex int, --页索引
4 @pageSize int --每页记录数
5)
6as
7begin
8 set nocount on;
9 declare @timediff datetime --耗时
10 declare @sql nvarchar(500)
11 select @timediff=Getdate()
12 set @sql='select top '+str(@pageSize)+' * from tb_TestTable where(ID not in(select top '+str(@pageSize*@pageIndex)+' id from tb_TestTable order by ID ASC)) order by ID'
13 execute(@sql) --因select top后不支技直接接参数,所以写成了字符串@sql
14 select datediff(ms,@timediff,GetDate()) as 耗时
15 set nocount off;
16end

2,利用select top 和 select max(列键)


1create procedure proc_paged_with_selectMax --利用select top and select max(列)
2(
3 @pageIndex int, --页索引
4 @pageSize int --页记录数
5)
6as
7begin
8set nocount on;
9 declare @timediff datetime
10 declare @sql nvarchar(500)
11 select @timediff=Getdate()
12 set @sql='select top '+str(@pageSize)+' * From tb_TestTable where(ID>(select max(id) From (select top '+str(@pageSize*@pageIndex)+' id From tb_TestTable order by ID) as TempTable)) order by ID'
13 execute(@sql)
14 select datediff(ms,@timediff,GetDate()) as 耗时
15set nocount off;
16end

3,利用select top和中间变量--此方法因网上有人说效果最佳,所以贴出来一同测试

1create procedure proc_paged_with_Midvar --利用ID>最大ID值和中间变量
2(
3 @pageIndex int,
4 @pageSize int
5)
6as
7 declare @count int
8 declare @ID int
9 declare @timediff datetime
10 declare @sql nvarchar(500)
11begin
12set nocount on;
13 select @count=0,@ID=0,@timediff=getdate()
14 select @count=@count+1,@ID=case when @count<=@pageSize*@pageIndex then ID else @ID end from tb_testTable order by id
15 set @sql='select top '+str(@pageSize)+' * from tb_testTable where ID>'+str(@ID)
16 execute(@sql)
17 select datediff(ms,@timediff,getdate()) as 耗时
18set nocount off;
19end
20

4,利用Row_number() 此方法为SQL server 2005中新的方法,利用Row_number()给数据行加上索引


1create procedure proc_paged_with_Rownumber --利用SQL 2005中的Row_number()
2(
3 @pageIndex int,
4 @pageSize int
5)
6as
7 declare @timediff datetime
8begin
9set nocount on;
10 select @timediff=getdate()
11 select * from (select *,Row_number() over(order by ID asc) as IDRank from tb_testTable) as IDWithRowNumber where IDRank>@pageSize*@pageIndex and IDRank<@pageSize*(@pageIndex+1)
12 select datediff(ms,@timediff,getdate()) as 耗时
13set nocount off;
14end
15
5,利用临时表及Row_number

1create procedure proc_CTE --利用临时表及Row_number
2(
3 @pageIndex int, --页索引
4 @pageSize int --页记录数
5)
6as
7 set nocount on;
8 declare @ctestr nvarchar(400)
9 declare @strSql nvarchar(400)
10 declare @datediff datetime
11begin
12 select @datediff=GetDate()
13 set @ctestr='with Table_CTE as
14 (select ceiling((Row_number() over(order by ID ASC))/'+str(@pageSize)+') as page_num,* from tb_TestTable)';
15 set @strSql=@ctestr+' select * From Table_CTE where page_num='+str(@pageIndex)
16end
17 begin
18 execute sp_executesql @strSql
19 select datediff(ms,@datediff,GetDate())
20 set nocount off;
21 end
22
复制代码

OK,至此,存储过程创建完毕,我们分别在每页10条数据的情况下在第2页,第1000页,第10000页,第100000页,第199999页进行测试,耗时单位:ms  每页测试5次取其平均值

存过 第2页耗时 第1000页耗时 第10000页耗时 第100000页耗时 第199999页耗时 效率排行
1用not in 0ms 16ms 47ms 475ms 953ms 3
2用select max 5ms 16ms 35ms 325ms 623ms 1
3中间变量 966ms 970ms 960ms 945ms 933ms 5
4row_number 0ms 0ms 34ms 365ms 710ms 2
4临时表 780ms 796ms 798ms 780ms 805ms 4

测试结果显示:select max >row_number>not in>临时表>中间变量

于是我对效率最高的select max方法用2分法进行了扩展,代码取自互联网,我修改了ASC排序时取不到值的BUG,测试结果:

2分法 156ms 156ms 180ms 470ms 156ms 1*

  

从测试结果来看,使用2分法确实可以提高效率并使效率更为稳定,我又增加了第159999页的测试,用时仅296ms,效果相当的不错!

下面是2分法使用select max的代码,已相当完善。

 

alter PROCEDURE proc_paged_2part_selectMax
  6(
  7@tblName     nvarchar(200),        ----要显示的表或多个表的连接
  8@fldName     nvarchar(500) = '*',    ----要显示的字段列表
  9@pageSize    int = 10,        ----每页显示的记录个数
 10@page        int = 1,        ----要显示那一页的记录
 11@fldSort    nvarchar(200) = null,    ----排序字段列表或条件
 12@Sort        bit = 0,        ----排序方法,0为升序,1为降序(如果是多字段排列Sort指代最后一个排序字段的排列顺序(最后一个排序字段不加排序标记)--程序传参如:' SortA Asc,SortB Desc,SortC ')
 13@strCondition    nvarchar(1000) = null,    ----查询条件,不需where
 14@ID        nvarchar(150),        ----主表的主键
 15@Dist                 bit = 0,           ----是否添加查询字段的 DISTINCT 默认0不添加/1添加
 16@pageCount    int = 1 output,            ----查询结果分页后的总页数
 17@Counts    int = 1 output                ----查询到的记录数
 18)
 19AS
 20SET NOCOUNT ON
 21Declare @sqlTmp nvarchar(1000)        ----存放动态生成的SQL语句
 22Declare @strTmp nvarchar(1000)        ----存放取得查询结果总数的查询语句
 23Declare @strID     nvarchar(1000)        ----存放取得查询开头或结尾ID的查询语句
 24
 25Declare @strSortType nvarchar(10)    ----数据排序规则A
 26Declare @strFSortType nvarchar(10)    ----数据排序规则B
 27
 28Declare @SqlSelect nvarchar(50)         ----对含有DISTINCT的查询进行SQL构造
 29Declare @SqlCounts nvarchar(50)          ----对含有DISTINCT的总数查询进行SQL构造
 30
 31declare @timediff datetime  --耗时测试时间差
 32select @timediff=getdate()
 33
 34if @Dist  = 0
 35begin
 36    set @SqlSelect = 'select '
 37    set @SqlCounts = 'Count(*)'
 38end
 39else
 40begin
 41    set @SqlSelect = 'select distinct '
 42    set @SqlCounts = 'Count(DISTINCT '+@ID+')'
 43end
 44
 45
 46if @Sort=0
 47begin
 48    set @strFSortType=' ASC '
 49    set @strSortType=' DESC '
 50end
 51else
 52begin
 53    set @strFSortType=' DESC '
 54    set @strSortType=' ASC '
 55end
 56
 57
 58
 59--------生成查询语句--------
 60--此处@strTmp为取得查询结果数量的语句
 61if @strCondition is null or @strCondition=''     --没有设置显示条件
 62begin
 63    set @sqlTmp =  @fldName + ' From ' + @tblName
 64    set @strTmp = @SqlSelect+' @Counts='+@SqlCounts+' FROM '+@tblName
 65    set @strID = ' From ' + @tblName
 66end
 67else
 68begin
 69    set @sqlTmp = + @fldName + 'From ' + @tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition
 70    set @strTmp = @SqlSelect+' @Counts='+@SqlCounts+' FROM '+@tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition
 71    set @strID = ' From ' + @tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition
 72end
 73
 74----取得查询结果总数量-----
 75exec sp_executesql @strTmp,N'@Counts int out ',@Counts out
 76declare @tmpCounts int
 77if @Counts = 0
 78    set @tmpCounts = 1
 79else
 80    set @tmpCounts = @Counts
 81
 82    --取得分页总数
 83    set @pageCount=(@tmpCounts+@pageSize-1)/@pageSize
 84
 85    /**//**当前页大于总页数 取最后一页**/
 86    if @page>@pageCount
 87        set @page=@pageCount
 88
 89    --/*-----数据分页2分处理-------*/
 90    declare @pageIndex int --总数/页大小
 91    declare @lastcount int --总数%页大小 
 92
 93    set @pageIndex = @tmpCounts/@pageSize
 94    set @lastcount = @tmpCounts%@pageSize
 95    if @lastcount > 0
 96        set @pageIndex = @pageIndex + 1
 97    else
 98        set @lastcount = @pagesize
 99
100    --//***显示分页
101    if @strCondition is null or @strCondition=''     --没有设置显示条件
102    begin
103        if @pageIndex<2 or @page<=@pageIndex / 2 + @pageIndex % 2   --前半部分数据处理
104            begin 
105                if @page=1
106                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName                        
107                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
108                else
109                begin
110                    if @Sort=1
111                    begin                    
112                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
113                        +' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
114                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)'
115                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
116                    end
117                    else
118                    begin
119                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
120                        +' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
121                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)'
122                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType 
123                    end
124                end    
125            end
126        else
127            begin
128            set @page = @pageIndex-@page+1 --后半部分数据处理
129                if @page <= 1 --最后一页数据显示                
130                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@lastcount as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
131                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType 
132                else
133                    if @Sort=1
134                    begin
135                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
136                        +' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
137                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)'
138                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
139                    end
140                    else
141                    begin
142                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
143                        +' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
144                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)'
145                        +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType 
146                    end
147            end
148    end
149
150    else --有查询条件
151    begin
152        if @pageIndex<2 or @page<=@pageIndex / 2 + @pageIndex % 2   --前半部分数据处理
153        begin
154                if @page=1
155                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName                        
156                        +' where 1=1 ' + @strCondition + ' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
157                else if(@Sort=1)
158                begin                    
159                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
160                        +' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
161                        +' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)'
162                        +' '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
163                end
164                else
165                begin
166                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
167                        +' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
168                        +' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)'
169                        +' '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType 
170                end           
171        end
172        else
173        begin 
174            set @page = @pageIndex-@page+1 --后半部分数据处理
175            if @page <= 1 --最后一页数据显示
176                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@lastcount as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
177                        +' where (1=1) '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType                     
178            else if(@Sort=1)
179                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
180                        +' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
181                        +' where (1=1) '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)'
182                        +' '+ @strCondition+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType    
183            else
184                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
185                        +' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
186                        +' where (1=1) '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)'
187                        +' '+ @strCondition+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType            
188        end    
189    end
190
191------返回查询结果-----
192exec sp_executesql @strTmp
193select datediff(ms,@timediff,getdate()) as 耗时
194--print @strTmp
195SET NOCOUNT OFF
196GO
197

 

执行示例:exec proc_paged_2part_selectMax 'tb_testTable','ID,userName,userPWD,userEmail',10,100000,'ID',0,null,'ID',0

这种测试只在单机进行,并且没有在实际开发WEB项目中分页测试,测试项也比较单一,所以不够全面系统,但从其效率相比上,我们可以在数据库分页算法上进行有效的控制。

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

一个使用游标存储过程分页示例:

复制代码
1 CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[im531_Page]
2 @TabeName AS NVARCHAR(50),
3 @Fields AS NVARCHAR(1024),
4 @SearchWhere AS NVARCHAR(1024),
5 @OrderFields AS NVARCHAR(1024),
6 @pageNumber AS INT,
7 @page AS INT
8  AS
9  BEGIN
10 SET NOCOUNT ON;
11 DECLARE @sqlType AS TINYINT
12 SET @sqlType = 0 -- 0 BETWEEN 1 TOP
13   DECLARE @sql AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
14 IF @SearchWhere <> '' SET @SearchWhere = ' WHERE ' + @SearchWhere
15 IF @page < 2 SET @page = 1
16 IF @page = 1
17 BEGIN
18 SET @sql = 'SELECT TOP ' + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(20),@pageNumber) + ' ' + @Fields
19 + 'FROM [' + @TabeName + '][a] WITH(NOLOCK) ' + @SearchWhere + ' ORDER BY ' + @OrderFields
20 END
21 ELSE
22 BEGIN
23 --临时表
24   SET @sql = ';WITH [Page_____Table] AS('
25 + 'SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY ' + @OrderFields + ') AS [RowNow],' + @Fields
26 + 'FROM ['+ @TabeName +' ][a] WITH(NOLOCK) ' + @SearchWhere
27 + ')'
28 --查找当前页面记录
29   IF @sqlType = 0
30 BEGIN
31 -- A USE BETWEEN
32   SET @sql = @sql + 'SELECT *'
33 + 'FROM [Page_____Table] WITH(NOLOCK)'
34 + 'WHERE [RowNow] BETWEEN ' + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(20),(@page - 1) * @pageNumber + 1) + ' AND ' + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(20),@page * @pageNumber)
35 + 'ORDER BY [RowNow]'
36 END
37 ELSE
38 BEGIN
39 -- B USE TOP
40   SET @sql = @sql + 'SELECT TOP ' + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(20),@pageNumber) + ' *'
41 + 'FROM [Page_____Table] WITH(NOLOCK)'
42 + 'WHERE [RowNow] > ' + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(20),(@page - 1) * @pageNumber)
43 + 'ORDER BY [RowNow]'
44 END
45 END
46 EXEC(@sql)
47  END
posted @ 2015-06-16 18:31  空城手  阅读(365)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报