【CITE】C#入门学习-----简单画图程序
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通过本实例了解如何在窗体上绘制各种图形,如矩形、椭圆、线条、文字等。运行效果如下:
实现过程:
(1) 新建窗体应用程序
(2) 添加一个MenuScrip控件;添加一个ToolScrip控件。
在ToolScrip控件中对每个单元,要将DisplayStyle属性改为Text
(3)程序代码。
1、新建菜单事件主要用白色清除窗体的背景,从而实现“文件新建”功能
private void 新建ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics(); g.Clear(backColor); toolStrip1.Enabled = true; //创建一个Bitmap theImage = new Bitmap(this.ClientRectangle.Width, this.ClientRectangle.Height); editFileName = "新建文件"; //修改窗口标题 this.Text = "MyDraw\t" + editFileName; ig = Graphics.FromImage(theImage); ig.Clear(backColor); }
2、打开事件用于打开“打开文件”对话框,并选择相应的图片,将图片绘制到窗体上.
private void 打开ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { openFileDialog1.Multiselect = false; if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { //修改窗口标题 this.Text = "MyDraw\t" + openFileDialog1.FileName; editFileName = openFileDialog1.FileName; theImage = Image.FromFile(openFileDialog1.FileName); Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics(); g.DrawImage(theImage, this.ClientRectangle); ig = Graphics.FromImage(theImage); ig.DrawImage(theImage, this.ClientRectangle); //ToolBar可以使用了 toolStrip1.Enabled = true; } }
(3) 保存菜单项的Click事件用于将窗体背景保存为BMP格式的图片
private void 保存ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { saveFileDialog1.Filter = "图像(*.bmp)|*.bmp"; saveFileDialog1.FileName = editFileName; if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { theImage.Save(saveFileDialog1.FileName, ImageFormat.Bmp); this.Text = "MyDraw\t" + saveFileDialog1.FileName; editFileName = saveFileDialog1.FileName; } }
(4) 在Paint事件中将Image中保存的图像,绘制出来
private void Form1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) { //将Image中保存的图像,绘制出来 Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics(); if (theImage != null) { g.Clear(Color.White); g.DrawImage(theImage, this.ClientRectangle); } }
(5)添加Frm_Text.cs文字输入框。
添加一个Window窗体,取名为Frm_Text,然后对窗体的属性修改:
把FormBorderStyle属性改为 None;
把Modifiers的属性改为 Public
(6) 在窗体的MouseDown事件中,如果当前绘制的是字符串,在鼠标的当前位置显示文本框;如果绘制的是图开,设置图形的起始位置。
private void Frm_Main_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left) { //如果选择文字输入,则打开strInput窗体 if (drawTool == drawTools.String) { Frm_Text inputBox = new Frm_Text(); inputBox.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterParent; if (inputBox.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics(); Font theFont = this.Font; g.DrawString(inputBox.textBox1.Text, theFont, new SolidBrush(foreColor), e.X, e.Y); ig.DrawString(inputBox.textBox1.Text, theFont, new SolidBrush(foreColor), e.X, e.Y); } } //如果开始绘制,则开始记录鼠标位置 else if ((isDrawing = !isDrawing) == true) { startPoint = new Point(e.X, e.Y); oldPoint = new Point(e.X, e.Y); } } }
(7) 在窗体的MouseMove 事件中,根据鼠标移动的大小绘制指定的图形.
private void Form1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { Graphics g; g = this.CreateGraphics(); if (isDrawing) { switch (drawTool) { case drawTools.None: break; case drawTools.Pen: //从上一个点到当前点绘制线段 g.DrawLine(new Pen(foreColor, 1), oldPoint, new Point(e.X, e.Y)); ig.DrawLine(new Pen(foreColor, 1), oldPoint, new Point(e.X, e.Y)); oldPoint.X = e.X; oldPoint.Y = e.Y; break; case drawTools.Line: //首先恢复此次操作之前的图像,然后再添加Line this.Frm_Main_Paint(this, new PaintEventArgs(this.CreateGraphics(), this.ClientRectangle)); g.DrawLine(new Pen(foreColor, 1), startPoint, new Point(e.X, e.Y)); break; case drawTools.Ellipse: //首先恢复此次操作之前的图像,然后再添加Ellipse this.Frm_Main_Paint(this, new PaintEventArgs(this.CreateGraphics(), this.ClientRectangle)); g.DrawEllipse(new Pen(foreColor, 1), startPoint.X, startPoint.Y, e.X - startPoint.X, e.Y - startPoint.Y); break; case drawTools.Rectangle: //首先恢复此次操作之前的图像,然后再添加Rectangle this.Frm_Main_Paint(this, new PaintEventArgs(this.CreateGraphics(), this.ClientRectangle)); g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(foreColor, 1), startPoint.X, startPoint.Y, e.X - startPoint.X, e.Y - startPoint.Y); break; case drawTools.String: break; case drawTools.Rubber: //用背景色绘制宽线段 g.DrawLine(new Pen(backColor, 20), oldPoint, new Point(e.X, e.Y)); ig.DrawLine(new Pen(backColor, 20), oldPoint, new Point(e.X, e.Y)); oldPoint.X = e.X; oldPoint.Y = e.Y; break; } } }
(8) 在窗体的MouseUp事件中,根据用户选择的画笔,绘制直线,椭圆或矩形等指定图形。
private void Form1_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { isDrawing = false; switch (drawTool) { case drawTools.Line: ig.DrawLine(new Pen(foreColor, 1), startPoint, new Point(e.X, e.Y)); break; case drawTools.Ellipse: ig.DrawEllipse(new Pen(foreColor, 1), startPoint.X, startPoint.Y, e.X - startPoint.X, e.Y - startPoint.Y); break; case drawTools.Rectangle: ig.DrawRectangle(new Pen(foreColor, 1), startPoint.X, startPoint.Y, e.X - startPoint.X, e.Y - startPoint.Y); break; } }
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这里解释为什么在拉直线时线会跟着鼠标动,而用选择画笔时移动鼠标就会画出线。
这里有两个Graphics:
(1) 真实的场景graphics. 它它上面画出的画面就是我个看到的画面。
eg:
private void Form1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
{
//将Image中保存的图像,绘制出来
Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();
(2)做为临时存储用的Graphic.
它在新建的时候创建:
//创建一个Bitmap theImage = new Bitmap(this.ClientRectangle.Width, this.ClientRectangle.Height); editFileName = "新建文件"; //修改窗口标题 this.Text = "MyDraw\t" + editFileName; ig = Graphics.FromImage(theImage); ig.Clear(backColor);
显示出来: 把theImage显示出来就是把以前保存在ig里的东西显示出来了
private void Frm_Main_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) { //将Image中保存的图像,绘制出来 Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics(); if (theImage != null) { g.Clear(Color.White); g.DrawImage(theImage, this.ClientRectangle); } }
在Form1_MouseMove里
如果是画笔,那么把图像保存到了两个graphic中,这样我们可以看到移动的画,最后也将显示所有画。
如果直线或矩形,那么只先画到第一个graphics里,在鼠标放开时才画到第二个graphic里。