RabbitMQ 实现消息队列延迟
1.概述
要实现RabbitMQ的消息队列延迟功能，一般采用官方提供的 rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange插件。但RabbitMQ版本必须是3.5.8以上才支持该插件，否则得用其死信队列功能。
2.安装RabbitMQ延迟插件
- 检查插件
使用rabbitmq-plugins list命令用于查看RabbitMQ安装的插件。
rabbitmq-plugins list
检查RabbitMQ插件安装情况
- 下载插件
如果没有安装插件，则直接访问官网进行下载
https://www.rabbitmq.com/community-plugins.html
- 安装插件
下载后，将其拷贝到RabbitMQ安装目录的plugins目录；并进行解压，如：
E:\software\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.11.13\plugins
打开cmd命令行窗口，如果系统已经配置RabbitMQ环境变量，则直接执行以下的命令进行安装；否则需要进入到RabbitMQ安装目录的sbin目录。
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange
3.实现RabbitMQ消息队列延迟功能
- pom.xml配置信息文件中，添加相关依赖文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.olive</groupId>
<artifactId>rabbitmq-spring-demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.7.7</version>
<relativePath />
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!--rabbitmq-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
<artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- application.yml配置文件中配置RabbitMQ信息
server:
port: 8080
spring:
#给项目来个名字
application:
name: rabbitmq-spring-demo
#配置rabbitMq 服务器
rabbitmq:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 5672
username: admin
password: admin123
#虚拟host。可以不设置,使用server默认host；不同虚拟路径下的队列是隔离的
virtual-host: /
- RabbitMQ配置类
package com.olive.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.CustomExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* RabbitMQ配置类
**/
@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {
public static final String DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME = "delayed_exchange";
public static final String DELAY_QUEUE_NAME = "delay_queue_name";
public static final String DELAY_ROUTING_KEY = "delay_routing_key";
@Bean
public CustomExchange delayExchange() {
Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>();
args.put("x-delayed-type", "direct");
return new CustomExchange(DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME, "x-delayed-message", true, false, args);
}
@Bean
public Queue queue() {
Queue queue = new Queue(DELAY_QUEUE_NAME, true);
return queue;
}
@Bean
public Binding binding(Queue queue, CustomExchange delayExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(delayExchange).with(DELAY_ROUTING_KEY).noargs();
}
}
- 发送消息
实现消息发送，设置消息延迟5s。
package com.olive.service;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.olive.config.RabbitMqConfig;
/**
* 消息发送者
**/
@Service
public class CustomMessageSender {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
public void sendMsg(String msg) {
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.out.println("消息发送时间：" + sdf.format(new Date()));
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConfig.DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME,
RabbitMqConfig.DELAY_ROUTING_KEY,
msg,
new MessagePostProcessor() {
@Override
public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
// 消息延迟5秒
message.getMessageProperties().setHeader("x-delay", 5000);
return message;
}
});
}
}
- 接收消息
package com.olive.service;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.olive.config.RabbitMqConfig;
/**
* 消息接收者
**/
@Component
public class CustomMessageReceiver {
@RabbitListener(queues = RabbitMqConfig.DELAY_QUEUE_NAME)
public void receive(String msg) {
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.out.println(sdf.format(new Date()) + msg);
System.out.println("Receiver：执行取消订单");
}
}
- 测试验证
package com.olive.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.olive.service.CustomMessageSender;
@RestController
public class DelayMessageController {
@Autowired
private CustomMessageSender customMessageSender;
@GetMapping("/sendMessage")
public String sendMessage() {
// 发送消息
customMessageSender.sendMsg("你已经支付超时，取消订单通知！");
return "success";
}
}
发送消息，访问
http://127.0.0.1:8080/sendMessage
查看控制台打印的信息
