Permutations
Description:
Given a collection of numbers, return all possible permutations.
For example,[1,2,3]
have the following permutations:[1,2,3]
, [1,3,2]
, [2,1,3]
, [2,3,1]
, [3,1,2]
, and [3,2,1]
.
思路分析:
求一组数据a1,a2,..., an的全排列可按如下步骤求解:
1.求出a2,a3,...an的全排列{P1,P2, ... ,Pj};
2. 将a1插入进去,得到新的全排列{a1P1, a1P2,..., a1Pj};
3. 交换a1和ai(1<i<=n),重复执行上述1,2两步,再交换a1和ai,即可得到所有的排列组合。
Code:
1 //定义一个接口函数 2 vector<vector<int>> permute(vector<int>& nums) { 3 return permute(nums, 0, nums.size()-1); 4 }
1 vector<vector<int>> permute(vector<int>& nums,int lIndex, int rIndex) 2 { 3 if (lIndex <= rIndex) 4 { 5 vector< vector<int> >result, tempResult; 6 vector<int>temp; 7 8 if (lIndex == rIndex) 9 { 10 temp.push_back(nums[lIndex]); 11 result.push_back(temp); 12 return result; 13 } 14 else 15 { 16 for (int i = lIndex; i <= rIndex; ++i) 17 { 18 if (i != lIndex) 19 {//注意当i和lIndex相等时,一个数将和它本身异或,则结果一定为0 20 nums[i]^=nums[lIndex]; 21 nums[lIndex]^=nums[i]; 22 nums[i]^=nums[lIndex]; 23 } 24 tempResult = permute(nums, lIndex+1, rIndex); 25 26 for (int j = 0; j < tempResult.size(); ++j) 27 { 28 tempResult[j].insert(tempResult[j].begin(),nums[lIndex]); 29 result.push_back(tempResult[j]); 30 } 31 //将两个元素交换回来 32 if (i != lIndex) 33 { 34 nums[i]^=nums[lIndex]; 35 nums[lIndex]^=nums[i]; 36 nums[i]^=nums[lIndex]; 37 } 38 } 39 return result; 40 } 41 } 42 }