ServletContext对象
1.什么是ServletContext对象(代表整个项目的对象)
ServletContext代表是一个web应用的环境(上下文)对象,ServletContext对象 内部封装是该web应用的信息,ServletContext对象一个web应用只有一个
问题:一个web应用有几个servlet对象?----多个
ServletContext对象的生命周期?
创建:该web应用被加载(服务器启动或发布web应用(前提,服务器启动状 态))
销毁:web应用被卸载(服务器关闭,移除该web应用)
开启服务器时创建
销毁服务器时销毁
2.怎样获得ServletContext对象
1)ServletContext servletContext = config.getServletContext();
2)ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
//获取ServletContext对象 ServletContext context=getServletContext();
3.ServletContext的作用
(1)获得web应用中任何资源的绝对路径(重要 重要 重要)
在服务器上的绝对路径
方法:String path = context.getRealPath(相对于该web应用的相对地址);
写一个相对,得到一个绝对的path
通过相对路径获取绝对路径,相对路径相也对于服务器
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //获取ServletContext对象 ServletContext context=getServletContext(); //获取通过相对路径获取绝对路径 String patha=context.getRealPath("a.txt"); String pathb=context.getRealPath("WEB-INF/b.txt"); String pathc=context.getRealPath("WEB-INF/classes/c.txt"); System.out.println(patha); System.out.println(pathb); System.out.println(pathc); }
(2)ServletContext是一个域对象(重要 重要 重要)
什么是域对象?什么是域?
存储数据的区域就是域对象
ServletContext域对象的作用范围:整个web应用(所有的web资源都可以随意向 servletcontext域中存取数据,数据可以共享)
Servlet01封存消息,
Servlet02获取消息
public class Servlet01 extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { ServletContext context=getServletContext();
//存值 context.setAttribute("name", "小红帽"); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } }
public class Servlet02 extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { ServletContext context=getServletContext();
//取值 String name=(String)context.getAttribute("name"); System.out.println(name); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } }
域对象的通用的方法:
setAtrribute(String name,Object obj);
getAttribute(String name);
removeAttribute(String name);
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public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet { private UserService userService=new UserService(); //对自定义数据进行初始化 public void init() throws ServletException { int count=0; //获取ServletContext 对象 ServletContext context=getServletContext(); context.setAttribute("count", count); } public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String uname=request.getParameter("uname"); String pwd=request.getParameter("pwd"); //调Service层方法 int count=userService.login(uname, pwd); if(count>0){ //获取ServletContext对象 ServletContext context=getServletContext(); //取值 int c=(int)context.getAttribute("count"); int num=++c; //存值 context.setAttribute("count", num); response.getWriter().write("you are "+num+" success"); }else{ response.getWriter().write("fail"); } } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); }