DNS bind9安装
首先要成功安装Centos操作系统,最新版本是Centos 6.4版本,最小化安装。
[root@localhost named]# ifconfig -a
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eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:15:5D:01:69:2C
inet addr:192.168.1.116 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
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设置本机的dns(这里不设置也可以 等下还要改成本机ip 如果不设置可能不能yum安装就是了 很多已经设置成网关ip了 比如 192.168.1.1 所以这里一般不用设置)。
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[root@localhost named]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8 #DNS服务器
nameserver 8.8.4.4 #备用DNS服务器
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yum安装:
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[root@localhost ~]# yum install bind
Downloading Packages:
(1/4): bind-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6_4.5.i686.rpm | 4.0 MB 00:03
(2/4): bind-chroot-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6_4.5.i686.rpm | 71 kB 00:00
(3/4): bind-libs-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6_4.5.i686.rpm | 890 kB 00:04
(4/4): bind-utils-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6_4.5.i686.rpm | 181 kB 00:00
[root@localhost ~]# service named restart #启动bind服务
Generating /etc/rndc.key:
新开窗口输入:
[root@localhost ~]# rndc-confgen -r /dev/urandom -a #创建rndk.key
wrote key file "/etc/rndc.key"
[root@localhost ~]# service named restart #重新启动bind服务
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######在安装bind-chroot的情况下,配置文件保存在/var/named/chroot/etc/目录下,其实是做了软链接过去。
配置信息:
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[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/named/chroot/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cat named.conf
named.conf的配置文件如下:
//
// named.conf
//
// Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS
// server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only).
//
// See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files.
//
options {
listen-on port 53 { any; };
listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named"; #服务器工作目录,配置文件相对路径
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; #默认服务器存放数据库文件
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; #默认统计信息路径
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; #默认内存使用统计文件
allow-query { any; }; #可查询主机
allow-query-cache { any; }; #缓存
recursion yes; #是否允许递归查询
dnssec-enable yes;
dnssec-validation yes;
dnssec-lookaside auto;
/* Path to ISC DLV key */
bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";
managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file "data/named.run";
severity dynamic;
};
channel gsquery {
file "data/query.log" versions 3 size 20m;
severity info;
print-time yes;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
};
category queries { gsquery; };
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
include "/etc/named.root.key";
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到此基本上DNS服务器可以跑起来了。哦,不要忘记去把/etc/resolv.conf修改为自己这台服务器的IP哦(这里最后如果不修改那客户端nslookup dns服务器ip地址 出现的结果是192.168.1.1或者8.8.8.8 就是/etc/resolv.conf里面设置的地址 所以这里要改成dns服务器地址)!~下面开始创建域以及域文件。
可以直接修改named.conf,也可以在named.rfc1912.zones下面创建,我喜欢在named.rfc1912.zones下面创建。
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[root@localhost etc]# vi /var/named/chroot/etc/named.rfc1912.zones
OR
[root@localhost etc]# vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
[/shell]
均可修改,我们创建一个a.com的域
zone "a.com" IN { #这个是正向 下面还有反向
type master;
file "a.com.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
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然后在
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[root@localhost etc]# cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/
OR
[root@localhost etc]# cd /var/named/
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创建一个文件名为a.com.zone的正向区域文件。
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[root@localhost named]# cat /var/named/a.com.zone
$TTL 1D
$TTL 600
@ IN SOA ns.a.com. admin.a.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
IN NS ns
IN A 192.168.1.250
IN AAAA ::1
www IN A 192.168.1.191
ns IN A 192.168.1.250
qwer IN A 4.3.2.1
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注意第二行哦!!@ IN SOA a.com admin.a.com.是非常重要的哦!~
然后我们再来创建一个反向区域文件。
首先在named.rfc1912.zones创建一个反向区域
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zone "a.com" IN { #这个是正向
type master;
file "a.com.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN { #这个是反向
type master;
file "192.168.1.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
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然后再来创建一个名字为192.168.1.zone的文件。
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[root@localhost named]# cat /var/named/192.168.1.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA a.com. admin.a.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS @
A 127.0.0.1
AAAA ::1
250 IN PTR ns.a.com.
1.2.3.4 IN PTR qwer.a.com.
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基本创建完成,经过测试正向、反向都正确。参考了很多网络文章,不一一列举,本地配置成功。
[root@nginx ~]# nslookup www.a.com
Server: 192.168.1.116
Address: 192.168.1.116#53
Name: www.a.com
Address: 192.168.1.191
[root@nginx ~]# nslookup 192.168.1.116
Server: 192.168.1.116
Address: 192.168.1.116#53
** server can't find 116.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.: NXDOMAIN
[root@nginx ~]# nslookup ns.a.com
Server: 192.168.1.116
Address: 192.168.1.116#53
Name: ns.a.com
Address: 192.168.1.250
[root@nginx ~]# nslookup admin.a.com
Server: 192.168.1.116
Address: 192.168.1.116#53
** server can't find admin.a.com: NXDOMAIN
[root@nginx ~]# nslookup qwer.a.com
Server: 192.168.1.116
Address: 192.168.1.116#53
Name: qwer.a.com
Address: 4.3.2.1
哦,对了。不要忘记开启防火墙的TCP、UDP 53端口哦!!
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
添加如下内容:
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-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
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