Netty3 核心代码-copy
Netty Hello Word-copy
概述
https://github.com/csy512889371/learndemo/netty/NettyHello
netty版本大致版本分为 netty3.x 和 netty4.x、netty5.x
netty可以运用在那些领域？
1、分布式进程通信
例如: hadoop、dubbo、akka等具有分布式功能的框架，底层RPC通信都是基于netty实现的，这些框架使用的版本通常都还在用netty3.x
2、游戏服务器开发
最新的游戏服务器有部分公司可能已经开始采用netty4.x 或 netty5.x
1、netty服务端hello world案例
SimpleChannelHandler 处理消息接收和写
{
messageReceived接收消息
channelConnected新连接，通常用来检测IP是否是黑名单
channelDisconnected链接关闭，可以再用户断线的时候清楚用户的缓存数据等
}
2、netty客户端hello world案例
channelDisconnected与channelClosed的区别
channelDisconnected只有在连接建立后断开才会调用
channelClosed无论连接是否成功都会调用关闭资源
netty server 服务端
1、初始化ServerBootstrap，并注入NioServerSocketChannelFactory，用于创建通道（channel）等。从这里可以看出是通过Nio的方式来处理的，factory中放入两个线程池，主要用于接收connect和message。
2、MyHandler继承了SimpleChannelHandler，并且重写了方法：channelClosed、channelConnected、messageReseived，方法的参数为ChannelHandlerContext和ChannelEvent。ChannelHandlerContext为通道上下文，event中便带有消息和连接的信息。
channelConnected方法在接到来自客户端的连接时触发（这里只是打印了收到的连接的信息），所以在执行telnet命令时，看到控制台会有相应的输出。 MessageReseived方法在接收到消息是会触发，这里会交给processMessage方法处理，这里只是简单的把接收到的信息写回客户端。所以在命令行窗口中会看到我们写入的字母信息。
ChannelClosed方法在关闭连接的时候被调用，当我们关闭命令行窗口的时候，就会看到控制台打印出相应的信息。
当然，ChannelHander的接口不止这么三个，除了SimpleChannelHandler以外还有很特殊的实现，这里只做简单介绍。
3、初始化完成之后，我们调用server.config(int port)方法注入需要绑定的端口信息
Server
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import org.jboss.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channels;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannelFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
/**
* netty服务端入门
*/
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//服务类
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
//boss线程监听端口，worker线程负责数据读写
ExecutorService boss = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
ExecutorService worker = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
//设置niosocket工厂
bootstrap.setFactory(new NioServerSocketChannelFactory(boss, worker));
//设置管道的工厂
bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new ChannelPipelineFactory() {
@Override
public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = Channels.pipeline();
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
pipeline.addLast("helloHandler", new HelloHandler());
return pipeline;
}
});
bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(10101));
System.out.println("start!!!");
}
}
HelloHandler
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelStateEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelHandler;
/**
* 消息接受处理类
*/
public class HelloHandler extends SimpleChannelHandler {
/**
* 接收消息
*/
@Override
public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) throws Exception {
String s = (String) e.getMessage();
System.out.println(s);
//回写数据
ctx.getChannel().write("hi");
super.messageReceived(ctx, e);
}
/**
* 捕获异常
*/
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) throws Exception {
System.out.println("exceptionCaught");
super.exceptionCaught(ctx, e);
}
/**
* 新连接
*/
@Override
public void channelConnected(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
System.out.println("channelConnected");
super.channelConnected(ctx, e);
}
/**
* 必须是链接已经建立，关闭通道的时候才会触发
*/
@Override
public void channelDisconnected(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
System.out.println("channelDisconnected");
super.channelDisconnected(ctx, e);
}
/**
* channel关闭的时候触发
*/
@Override
public void channelClosed(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
System.out.println("channelClosed");
super.channelClosed(ctx, e);
}
}
运行程序，打开命令行，输入：telnet 127.0.0.1 10101
netty client netty 客户端
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import org.jboss.netty.bootstrap.ClientBootstrap;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channel;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channels;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioClientSocketChannelFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
/**
* netty客户端入门
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//服务类
ClientBootstrap bootstrap = new ClientBootstrap();
//线程池
ExecutorService boss = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
ExecutorService worker = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
//socket工厂
bootstrap.setFactory(new NioClientSocketChannelFactory(boss, worker));
//管道工厂
bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new ChannelPipelineFactory() {
@Override
public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = Channels.pipeline();
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
pipeline.addLast("hiHandler", new HiHandler());
return pipeline;
}
});
//连接服务端
ChannelFuture connect = bootstrap.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 10101));
Channel channel = connect.getChannel();
System.out.println("client start");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入");
channel.write(scanner.next());
}
}
}
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelStateEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelHandler;
/**
* 消息接受处理类
*/
public class HiHandler extends SimpleChannelHandler {
/**
* 接收消息
*/
@Override
public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) throws Exception {
String s = (String) e.getMessage();
System.out.println(s);
super.messageReceived(ctx, e);
}
/**
* 捕获异常
*/
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) throws Exception {
System.out.println("exceptionCaught");
super.exceptionCaught(ctx, e);
}
/**
* 新连接
*/
@Override
public void channelConnected(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
System.out.println("channelConnected");
super.channelConnected(ctx, e);
}
/**
* 必须是链接已经建立，关闭通道的时候才会触发
*/
@Override
public void channelDisconnected(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
System.out.println("channelDisconnected");
super.channelDisconnected(ctx, e);
}
/**
* channel关闭的时候触发
*/
@Override
public void channelClosed(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) throws Exception {
System.out.println("channelClosed");
super.channelClosed(ctx, e);
}
}
概述
netty 核心代码基于nio 实现多线程。下面是简化版的netty代码
https://github.com/csy512889371/learndemo/tree/master/netty/NIONetty
代码
Boss
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
/**
* boss接口
*
*
*/
public interface Boss {
/**
* 加入一个新的ServerSocket
* @param serverChannel
*/
public void registerAcceptChannelTask(ServerSocketChannel serverChannel);
}
Worker
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
/**
* worker接口
*
*
*/
public interface Worker {
/**
* 加入一个新的客户端会话
* @param channel
*/
public void registerNewChannelTask(SocketChannel channel);
}
NioSelectorRunnablePool
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import com.cn.NioServerBoss;
import com.cn.NioServerWorker;
/**
* selector线程管理者
*
*
*/
public class NioSelectorRunnablePool {
/**
* boss线程数组
*/
private final AtomicInteger bossIndex = new AtomicInteger();
private Boss[] bosses;
/**
* worker线程数组
*/
private final AtomicInteger workerIndex = new AtomicInteger();
private Worker[] workeres;
public NioSelectorRunnablePool(Executor boss, Executor worker) {
initBoss(boss, 1);
initWorker(worker, Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() * 2);
}
/**
* 初始化boss线程
* @param boss
* @param count
*/
private void initBoss(Executor boss, int count) {
this.bosses = new NioServerBoss[count];
for (int i = 0; i < bosses.length; i++) {
bosses[i] = new NioServerBoss(boss, "boss thread " + (i+1), this);
}
}
/**
* 初始化worker线程
* @param worker
* @param count
*/
private void initWorker(Executor worker, int count) {
this.workeres = new NioServerWorker[count];
for (int i = 0; i < workeres.length; i++) {
workeres[i] = new NioServerWorker(worker, "worker thread " + (i+1), this);
}
}
/**
* 获取一个worker
* @return
*/
public Worker nextWorker() {
return workeres[Math.abs(workerIndex.getAndIncrement() % workeres.length)];
}
/**
* 获取一个boss
* @return
*/
public Boss nextBoss() {
return bosses[Math.abs(bossIndex.getAndIncrement() % bosses.length)];
}
}
AbstractNioSelector
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import com.cn.pool.NioSelectorRunnablePool;
/**
* 抽象selector线程类
*
*
*
*/
public abstract class AbstractNioSelector implements Runnable {
/**
* 线程池
*/
private final Executor executor;
/**
* 选择器
*/
protected Selector selector;
/**
* 选择器wakenUp状态标记
*/
protected final AtomicBoolean wakenUp = new AtomicBoolean();
/**
* 任务队列
*/
private final Queue<Runnable> taskQueue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<Runnable>();
/**
* 线程名称
*/
private String threadName;
/**
* 线程管理对象
*/
protected NioSelectorRunnablePool selectorRunnablePool;
AbstractNioSelector(Executor executor, String threadName, NioSelectorRunnablePool selectorRunnablePool) {
this.executor = executor;
this.threadName = threadName;
this.selectorRunnablePool = selectorRunnablePool;
openSelector();
}
/**
* 获取selector并启动线程
*/
private void openSelector() {
try {
this.selector = Selector.open();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create a selector.");
}
executor.execute(this);
}
@Override
public void run() {
Thread.currentThread().setName(this.threadName);
while (true) {
try {
wakenUp.set(false);
select(selector);
processTaskQueue();
process(selector);
} catch (Exception e) {
// ignore
}
}
}
/**
* 注册一个任务并激活selector
*
* @param task
*/
protected final void registerTask(Runnable task) {
taskQueue.add(task);
Selector selector = this.selector;
if (selector != null) {
if (wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
selector.wakeup();
}
} else {
taskQueue.remove(task);
}
}
/**
* 执行队列里的任务
*/
private void processTaskQueue() {
for (;;) {
final Runnable task = taskQueue.poll();
if (task == null) {
break;
}
task.run();
}
}
/**
* 获取线程管理对象
* @return
*/
public NioSelectorRunnablePool getSelectorRunnablePool() {
return selectorRunnablePool;
}
/**
* select抽象方法
*
* @param selector
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
protected abstract int select(Selector selector) throws IOException;
/**
* selector的业务处理
*
* @param selector
* @throws IOException
*/
protected abstract void process(Selector selector) throws IOException;
}
NioServerBoss
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import com.cn.pool.Boss;
import com.cn.pool.NioSelectorRunnablePool;
import com.cn.pool.Worker;
/**
* boss实现类
*
*
*/
public class NioServerBoss extends AbstractNioSelector implements Boss{
public NioServerBoss(Executor executor, String threadName, NioSelectorRunnablePool selectorRunnablePool) {
super(executor, threadName, selectorRunnablePool);
}
@Override
protected void process(Selector selector) throws IOException {
Set<SelectionKey> selectedKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
if (selectedKeys.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
for (Iterator<SelectionKey> i = selectedKeys.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
SelectionKey key = i.next();
i.remove();
ServerSocketChannel server = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
// 新客户端
SocketChannel channel = server.accept();
// 设置为非阻塞
channel.configureBlocking(false);
// 获取一个worker
Worker nextworker = getSelectorRunnablePool().nextWorker();
// 注册新客户端接入任务
nextworker.registerNewChannelTask(channel);
System.out.println("新客户端链接");
}
}
public void registerAcceptChannelTask(final ServerSocketChannel serverChannel){
final Selector selector = this.selector;
registerTask(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//注册serverChannel到selector
serverChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
} catch (ClosedChannelException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
@Override
protected int select(Selector selector) throws IOException {
return selector.select();
}
}
NioServerWorker
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import com.cn.pool.NioSelectorRunnablePool;
import com.cn.pool.Worker;
/**
* worker实现类
*
*
*/
public class NioServerWorker extends AbstractNioSelector implements Worker{
public NioServerWorker(Executor executor, String threadName, NioSelectorRunnablePool selectorRunnablePool) {
super(executor, threadName, selectorRunnablePool);
}
@Override
protected void process(Selector selector) throws IOException {
Set<SelectionKey> selectedKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
if (selectedKeys.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
Iterator<SelectionKey> ite = this.selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (ite.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey key = (SelectionKey) ite.next();
// 移除，防止重复处理
ite.remove();
// 得到事件发生的Socket通道
SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
// 数据总长度
int ret = 0;
boolean failure = true;
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
//读取数据
try {
ret = channel.read(buffer);
failure = false;
} catch (Exception e) {
// ignore
}
//判断是否连接已断开
if (ret <= 0 || failure) {
key.cancel();
System.out.println("客户端断开连接");
}else{
System.out.println("收到数据:" + new String(buffer.array()));
//回写数据
ByteBuffer outBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap("收到\n".getBytes());
channel.write(outBuffer);// 将消息回送给客户端
}
}
}
/**
* 加入一个新的socket客户端
*/
public void registerNewChannelTask(final SocketChannel channel){
final Selector selector = this.selector;
registerTask(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//将客户端注册到selector中
channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
} catch (ClosedChannelException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
@Override
protected int select(Selector selector) throws IOException {
return selector.select(500);
}
}
ServerBootstrap
import java.net.SocketAddress;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import com.cn.pool.Boss;
import com.cn.pool.NioSelectorRunnablePool;
/**
* 服务类
*
*
*/
public class ServerBootstrap {
private NioSelectorRunnablePool selectorRunnablePool;
public ServerBootstrap(NioSelectorRunnablePool selectorRunnablePool) {
this.selectorRunnablePool = selectorRunnablePool;
}
/**
* 绑定端口
* @param localAddress
*/
public void bind(final SocketAddress localAddress){
try {
// 获得一个ServerSocket通道
ServerSocketChannel serverChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
// 设置通道为非阻塞
serverChannel.configureBlocking(false);
// 将该通道对应的ServerSocket绑定到port端口
serverChannel.socket().bind(localAddress);
//获取一个boss线程
Boss nextBoss = selectorRunnablePool.nextBoss();
//向boss注册一个ServerSocket通道
nextBoss.registerAcceptChannelTask(serverChannel);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Start
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import com.cn.pool.NioSelectorRunnablePool;
/**
* 启动函数
*
*
*/
public class Start {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//初始化线程
NioSelectorRunnablePool nioSelectorRunnablePool = new NioSelectorRunnablePool(Executors.newCachedThreadPool(), Executors.newCachedThreadPool());
//获取服务类
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(nioSelectorRunnablePool);
//绑定端口
bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(10101));
System.out.println("start");
}
}
