python3 手动编译安装(以 3.7.9 为例)
1.下载源码
#进入 opt 目录 cd /opt #安装wget命令 yum install wget -y #下载源码包,tgz 格式 wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.9/Python-3.7.9.tgz
2. 环境依赖解决
yum install gcc patch libffi-devel python-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel -y
3. 编译安装
#tar命令可以解压缩tgz格式 tar -xvf Python-3.7.9.tgz
#切换源码包目录
cd Python-3.7.9
#释放编译文件makefile,这makefile就是用来编译且安装的,--prefix 指定软件的安装路径
./configure --prefix=/opt/python379/ --with -ssl
#编译
make
#安装 (只有在这一步,才会生成/opt/python379)
make install
如果不添加 --with -ssl 的话,在使用 pip3 的时候会出现报错:
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
4.配置环境变量
#配置软连接,此时还没有pip3 #ln -s 目标文件 软连接文件 ln -s /opt/python379/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3.7 ln -s /opt/python379/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3 or #配置path环境变量
echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
#写入PATH vim /etc/profile PATH=/opt/python379/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin source /etc/profile
echo $PATH
PATH=/opt/python379/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin