Linux常用命令全拼

转载自,菜鸟教程

  • pwd: print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
  • ps: process status(进程状态,类似于windows的任务管理器)

    常用参数:-auxf

    ps -auxf 显示进程状态

  • df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说,就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中,还剩多少自由的空间。
  • du: Disk usage
  • rpm:即RedHat Package Management,是RedHat的发明之一
  • rmdir:Remove Directory(删除目录)
  • rm:Remove(删除目录或文件)
  • cat: concatenate 连锁
  • cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
  • insmod: install module,载入模块
  • ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接,相当于创建一个快捷方式
  • mkdir:Make Directory(创建目录)
  • touch: touch
  • man: Manual
  • su:Swith user(切换用户)
  • cd:Change directory
  • ls:List files
  • ps:Process Status
  • mkdir:Make directory
  • rmdir:Remove directory
  • mkfs: Make file system
  • fsck:File system check
  • uname: Unix name
  • lsmod: List modules
  • mv: Move file
  • rm: Remove file
  • cp: Copy file
  • ln: Link files
  • fg: Foreground
  • bg: Background
  • chown: Change owner
  • chgrp: Change group
  • chmod: Change mode
  • umount: Unmount
  • dd: 本来应根据其功能描述"Convert an copy"命名为"cc",但"cc"已经被用以代表"CComplier",所以命名为"dd"
  • tar:Tape archive (磁带档案)
  • ldd:List dynamic dependencies
  • insmod:Install module
  • rmmod:Remove module
  • lsmod:List module
  • 文件结尾的"rc"(如.bashrc、.xinitrc等):Resource configuration
  • Knnxxx /Snnxxx(位于rcx.d目录下):K(Kill);S(Service);nn(执行顺序号);xxx(服务标识)
  • .a(扩展名a):Archive,static library
  • .so(扩展名so):Shared object,dynamically linked library
  • .o(扩展名o):Object file,complied result of C/C++ source file
  • RPM:Red hat package manager
  • dpkg:Debian package manager
  • apt:Advanced package tool(Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供)

其他 Linux 命令缩写

bin = Binaries (二进制文件)

/dev = Devices (设备)

/etc = Etcetera (等等)

/lib = LIBrary

/proc = Processes

/sbin = Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件)

/tmp = Temporary (临时)

/usr = Unix Shared Resources

/var = Variable (变量)

FIFO = First In, First Out

GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader

IFS= Internal Field Seperators

LILO = LInux LOader

MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字,

SQL = Structured QueryLanguage

PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor

PS = Prompt String

Perl = Pratical Extraction and Report Language”(实际的抽取和报告语言) =”Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister

Python 得名于电视剧Monty Pythons Flying Circus

Tcl = Tool Command Language

Tk = ToolKit

VT = Video Terminal

YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool

apache = a patchy server

apt = Advanced Packaging Tool

ar = archiver

as = assembler

awk = Aho Weiberger and Kernighan”三个作者的姓的第一个字母

bash = Bourne Again SHell

bc = Basic (Better) Calculator

bg = BackGround

biff = 作者HeidiStettnerU.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

cal = Calendar (日历)

cat = Catenate (链接)

cd = Change Directory

chgrp = Change Group

chmod = Change Mode

chown = Change Owner

chsh = Change Shell

cmp = compare

cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture

comm = common

cp = Copy

cpio = CoPy In and Out

cpp = C Pre Processor

cron = Chronos 希腊文时间

cups = Common Unix Printing System

cvs = Current Version System

daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor

dc = Desk Calculator

dd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储)

df = Disk Free

diff = Difference

dmesg = diagnostic message

du = Disk Usage

ed = editor

egrep = Extended GREP

elf = Extensible Linking Format

elm = ELectronic Mail

emacs = Editor MACroS

eval = EVALuate

ex = EXtended

exec = EXECute (执行)

fd = file descriptors

fg = ForeGround

fgrep = Fixed GREP

fmt = format

fsck = File System ChecK

fstab = FileSystem TABle

fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager

gawk = GNU AWK

gpg = GNU Privacy Guard

groff = GNU troff

hal =HardwareAbstractionLayer

joe =Joes OwnEditor

ksh =KornSHell

lame =LameAint an MP3 Encoder

lex =LEXical analyser

lisp =LIStProcessing=Lots of IrritatingSuperfluousParentheses

ln =Link

lpr =LinePRint

ls = list

lsof =LiStOpenFiles

m4 =Macro processor Version4

man =MANual pages

mawk =MikeBrennans AWK

mc =MidnightCommander

mkfs =MaKeFileSystem

mknod =MakeNode

motd =Message of TheDay

mozilla =MOsaicGodZILLa

mtab =MountTABle

mv =Move

nano =Nanos ANOther editor

nawk =New AWK

nl =Number of Lines

nm = names

nohup =NoHangUP

nroff =New ROFF

od =OctalDump

passwd =Passwd

pg = pager

pico =PInes message COmposition editor

pine =ProgramforInternetNews&Email=PineisnotElm

ping =拟声=PacketInternetGrouper

pirntcap =PRINTerCAPability

popd = POP Directory

pr = pre

printf =PrintFormatted

ps =ProcessesStatus

pty = pseudo tty

pushd = PUSH Directory

pwd =PrintWorkingDirectory

rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9shell

rev =REVerse

rm =ReMove

rn =ReadNews

roff =RunOFF

rpm = RPM PackageManager=RedHatPackageManager

rsh, rlogin, rvim中的

r =Remote

rxvt = ouR XVT

seamoneky =

sed =StreamEditor

seq =SEQuence

shar =ShellARchive

slrn = S-Lang rn

ssh =SecureShell

ssl =SecureSocketsLayer

stty =Set TTY

su =SubstituteUser

svn =SubVersion

tar =TapeARchive

tcsh = TENEX C shell

tee = T (T形水管接口)

telnet =TEminaL over Network

termcap = terminal capability

terminfo = terminal information

tex =τέχνη的缩写,希腊文art

tr = traslate

troff =Typesetternew ROFF

tsort =Topological SORT

tty =TeleTypewriter

twm =Toms WindowManager

tz =TimeZone

udev =Userspace DEV

ulimit =Users LIMIT

umask =Users MASK

uniq =UNIQue

i =VIsual=VeryInconvenient

vim =ViIMproved

wall = write all

wc =WordCount

wine = WINE IsNot an Emulator

xargs = eXtended ARGuments

xdm = X DisplayManager

xlfd = X LogicalFontDescription

xmms = X MultimediaSystem

xrdb = X ResourcesDataBase

xwd = X WindowDump

yacc = yet another compiler compiler

Fish= the FriendlyInteractiveSHell

su =SwitchUser

MIME =MultipurposeInternetMailExtensions

ECMA =EuropeanComputerManufacturersAssociation

 

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