一、socketserver模块介绍
基于tcp套接字，关键的就是两个循环，一个是链接循环，一个是通信循环
socketserver模块中分两大类：srever类（解决链接问题）和request类（解决通信问题）
以下述代码为例，分析socketserver源码：
ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),FtpServer)
ftpserver.serve_forever()
查找属性的顺序：ThreadingTCPServer->ThreadingMixIn->TCPServer->BaseServer
- 实例化得到ftpserver，先找类ThreadingTCPServer的__init__,在TCPServer中找到，进而执行server_bind,server_active
- 找ftpserver下的serve_forever,在BaseServer中找到，进而执行self._handle_request_noblock()，该方法同样是在BaseServer中
- 执行self._handle_request_noblock()进而执行request, client_address = self.get_request()（就是TCPServer中的self.socket.accept()），然后执行self.process_request(request, client_address)
- 在ThreadingMixIn中找到process_request，开启多线程应对并发，进而执行process_request_thread，执行self.finish_request(request, client_address)
- 上述四部分完成了链接循环，本部分开始进入处理通讯部分，在BaseServer中找到finish_request,触发我们自己定义的类的实例化，去找__init__方法，而我们自己定义的类没有该方法，则去它的父类也就是BaseRequestHandler中找....
源码分析总结：
基于tcp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
- self.server即套接字对象
- self.request即一个链接
- self.client_address即客户端地址
基于udp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
- self.request是一个元组（第一个元素是客户端发来的数据，第二部分是服务端的udp套接字对象），如(b'adsf', <socket.socket fd=200, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 8080)>)
- self.client_address即客户端地址
二、socketserver应用
1 import socketserver 2 class MyTCPhandle(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler): #必须继承socketserver.BaseRequestHandler这个类 3 def handle(self): #必须要实现一个handle方法 4 # print(self.request) #self.request相当于conn 5 # print(self.client_address) #('127.0.0.1', 51393) self.client_address相当于addr 6 while True: 7 try: 8 data = self.request.recv(1024) #IO操作 9 self.request.send(data.upper()) 10 except Exception: 11 break 12 self.request.close() 13 if __name__ == '__main__': 14 server = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),MyTCPhandle) #开启线程。accept方法也包括了 15 server.allow_reuse_address = True #默认为False，设为True,相当于 server.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,1) 重用地址 16 server.serve_forever() #一直开启，相当于我们以前做的链接循环
1 from socket import * 2 client = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) 3 client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8080)) 4 while True: 5 cmd = input('>>:').strip() 6 if not cmd:continue 7 client.send(cmd.encode('utf-8')) 8 data = client.recv(1024) 9 print('接受的是：%s'%data.decode('utf-8')) 10 client.close()
三、上传下载文件（这里只是上传）
1 import socket 2 import struct 3 import json 4 import subprocess 5 import os 6 7 class MYTCPServer: 8 address_family = socket.AF_INET 9 socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM 10 allow_reuse_address = False 11 max_packet_size = 8192 12 coding='utf-8' 13 request_queue_size = 5 14 server_dir='file_upload' 15 def __init__(self, server_address, bind_and_activate=True): 16 self.server_address=server_address 17 self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family, 18 self.socket_type) 19 if bind_and_activate: 20 try: 21 self.server_bind() 22 self.server_activate() 23 except: 24 self.server_close() 25 raise 26 27 def server_bind(self): 28 if self.allow_reuse_address: 29 self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) 30 self.socket.bind(self.server_address) 31 self.server_address = self.socket.getsockname() 32 33 def server_activate(self): 34 self.socket.listen(self.request_queue_size) 35 36 def server_close(self): 37 self.socket.close() 38 39 def get_request(self): 40 return self.socket.accept() 41 42 def close_request(self, request): 43 request.close() 44 45 def run(self): 46 while True: 47 self.conn,self.client_addr=self.get_request() 48 print('from client ',self.client_addr) 49 while True: 50 try: 51 head_struct = self.conn.recv(4) 52 if not head_struct:break 53 54 head_len = struct.unpack('i', head_struct)[0] 55 head_json = self.conn.recv(head_len).decode(self.coding) 56 head_dic = json.loads(head_json) 57 58 print(head_dic) 59 #head_dic={'cmd':'put','filename':'a.txt','filesize':123123} 60 cmd=head_dic['cmd'] 61 if hasattr(self,cmd): 62 func=getattr(self,cmd) 63 func(head_dic) 64 except Exception: 65 break 66 67 def put(self,args): 68 file_path=os.path.normpath(os.path.join( 69 self.server_dir, 70 args['filename'] 71 )) 72 73 filesize=args['filesize'] 74 recv_size=0 75 print('----->',file_path) 76 with open(file_path,'wb') as f: 77 while recv_size < filesize: 78 recv_data=self.conn.recv(self.max_packet_size) 79 f.write(recv_data) 80 recv_size+=len(recv_data) 81 print('recvsize:%s filesize:%s' %(recv_size,filesize)) 82 83 84 tcpserver1=MYTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080)) 85 86 tcpserver1.run()
1 import socket 2 import struct 3 import json 4 import os 5 6 7 8 class MYTCPClient: 9 address_family = socket.AF_INET 10 socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM 11 allow_reuse_address = False 12 max_packet_size = 8192 13 coding='utf-8' 14 request_queue_size = 5 15 def __init__(self, server_address, connect=True): 16 self.server_address=server_address 17 self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family, 18 self.socket_type) 19 if connect: 20 try: 21 self.client_connect() 22 except: 23 self.client_close() 24 raise 25 def client_connect(self): 26 self.socket.connect(self.server_address) 27 def client_close(self): 28 self.socket.close() 29 def run(self): 30 while True: 31 inp=input(">>: ").strip() 32 if not inp:continue 33 l=inp.split() 34 cmd=l[0] 35 if hasattr(self,cmd): 36 func=getattr(self,cmd) 37 func(l) 38 39 40 def put(self,args): 41 cmd=args[0] 42 filename=args[1] 43 if not os.path.isfile(filename): 44 print('file:%s is not exists' %filename) 45 return 46 else: 47 filesize=os.path.getsize(filename) 48 49 head_dic={'cmd':cmd,'filename':os.path.basename(filename),'filesize':filesize} 50 print(head_dic) 51 head_json=json.dumps(head_dic) 52 head_json_bytes=bytes(head_json,encoding=self.coding) 53 54 head_struct=struct.pack('i',len(head_json_bytes)) 55 self.socket.send(head_struct) 56 self.socket.send(head_json_bytes) 57 send_size=0 58 with open(filename,'rb') as f: 59 for line in f: 60 self.socket.send(line) 61 send_size+=len(line) 62 print(send_size) 63 else: 64 print('upload successful') 65 client=MYTCPClient(('127.0.0.1',8080)) 66 client.run()
