linux CentOS YUM 安装 nginx+tomcat+java+mysql运行环境

Java环境配置

1 安装JDK

查看CentOS自带JDK是否已安装

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[root@test ~]# yum list installed |grep java

若有自带安装的JDK,应如下操作进行卸载CentOS系统自带Java环境

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[root@test ~]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_181"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (rhel-2.6.14.8.el6_9-x86_64 u181-b00)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.181-b00, mixed mode)
 
[root@test ~]# yum -y remove java-1.7.0-openjdk*
[root@test ~]# yum -y remove tzdata-java.noarch
 
[root@test ~]# java --version
-bash/usr/bin/java: No such file or directory

查看yum库中的Java安装包

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[root@test ~]# yum -y list java*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
Available Packages
java-1.5.0-gcj.x86_64 1.5.0.0-29.1.el6 base
java-1.5.0-gcj-devel.x86_64 1.5.0.0-29.1.el6 base
java-1.5.0-gcj-javadoc.x86_64 1.5.0.0-29.1.el6 base
java-1.5.0-gcj-src.x86_64 1.5.0.0-29.1.el6 base
java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.6.0.40-1.13.12.6.el6_8 updates
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:1.6.0.40-1.13.12.6.el6_8 updates
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.6.0.40-1.13.12.6.el6_8 updates
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 1:1.6.0.40-1.13.12.6.el6_8 updates
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:1.6.0.40-1.13.12.6.el6_8 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.7.0.111-2.6.7.2.el6_8 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:1.7.0.111-2.6.7.2.el6_8 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.7.0.111-2.6.7.2.el6_8 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch 1:1.7.0.111-2.6.7.2.el6_8 updates
java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:1.7.0.111-2.6.7.2.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-debug.noarch 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.101-3.b13.el6_8 updates
java_cup.x86_64 1:0.10k-5.el6 base
java_cup-javadoc.x86_64 1:0.10k-5.el6 base
java_cup-manual.x86_64 1:0.10k-5.el6 base
javacc.x86_64 4.1-0.5.el6 base
javacc-demo.x86_64 4.1-0.5.el6 base
javacc-manual.x86_64 4.1-0.5.el6 base
javassist.noarch 3.9.0-6.el6 base
javassist-javadoc.noarch 3.9.0-6.el6 base

以yum库中java-1.8.0为例, "*"表示将java-1.8.0的所有相关Java程序都安装上

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[root@test ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk*

查看刚安装的Java版本信息。
输入:"java -version" 可查看Java版本
输入:"javac" 可查看Java的编译器命令用法

 

 

2 yum 安装 tomcat

一、环境搭建准备
1、先到tomcat官网https://tomcat.apache.org/查看下载路径

   我下载的tomcat-9 如: 

http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.16/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz

 

进入目录:

cd /usr/local/

  

wget下载安装包

wget http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.16/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz

 

解压:

tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz

目录说明:

bin             --启动命令目录
conf           --配置文件目录      *重点
lib              --库文件目录
logs           --日志文件目录      *重点
temp         --临时缓存文件
webapps  --web应用家目录    *重点
work         --工作缓存目录

 

5. 启动Tomcat:

./bin/startup.sh

6 关闭Tomcat:

./bin/shutdown.sh

  

7 开机启动:

在/usr/lib/systemd/system目录下增加tomcat9.service文件,内容如下:

[Unit]
Description=Tomcat
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
  
[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
RemainAfterExit=yes
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

  

退出并保存,执行systemctl enable tomcat使tomcat9随开机启动

systemctl enable tomcat9.service

 

另外命令 

systemctl start tomcat9.service    启动tomcat

systemctl stop tomcat9.service    关闭tomcat   

systemctl restart tomcat9.service    重启tomcat 

当然启动和结束tomcat也可以到tomcat的安装目录的bin目录下执行shutdown.sh  startup.sh来完成

 

4、查看tomcat默认端口8080是否开启

复制代码
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3832/X              
tcp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3739/dnsmasq        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3378/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3380/cupsd          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3655/master         
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9873/sshd: root@pts 
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6011          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      6137/sshd: root@pts 
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6012          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      10234/sshd: root@pt 
tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN      9804/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      7196/mysqld         
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      9804/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::6000                 :::*                    LISTEN      3832/X              
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      3378/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      3380/cupsd          
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      3655/master         
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6010                :::*                    LISTEN      9873/sshd: root@pts 
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6011                :::*                    LISTEN      6137/sshd: root@pts 
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6012                :::*                    LISTEN      10234/sshd: root@pt 
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN      9804/java     
复制代码

三、浏览器打开:http://192.168.0.8:8080  出现以下界面说明成功

 

 

centos7系统库中默认是没有nginx的rpm包的,所以我们自己需要先更新下rpm依赖库

1.)使用yum安装nginx需要包括Nginx的库,安装Nginx的库

#rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

 

2.使用下面命令安装nginx

#yum install nginx

3.启动nginx

#service nginx start
或者
#systemctl start nginx.service

4.停止nginx

nginx -s stop

5.重新加载nginx配置文件

nginx -s reload

6.nginx指定项目路径 注:修改配置文件默认用户名为root

 

 

一、安装Nginx

下载源:wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm

安装源:yum install nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm -y(注意-y参数)

安装Nginx:yum install nginx

启动Nginx服务:service nginx start

停止Nginx服务:service nginx stop

查看Nginx运行状态:service nginx status

检查Nginx配置文件:nginx -t

服务运行中重新加载配置:nginx -s reload

添加Nginx服务自启动:chkconfig nginx on

二、修改防火墙规则

修改Nginx所在主机的防火墙配置:vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables,将nginx使用的端口添加到允许列表中。

例如:-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT (表示允许80端口通过)

修改Tomcat所在主机的防火墙配置:vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables,将tomcat使用的端口添加到允许列表中。

例如:-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT (表示允许8080端口通过)

如果主机上有多个tomcat的话,则按此规则添加多条,修改对应的端口号即可。

保存后重启防火墙:service iptables restart

三、Tomcat负载均衡配置

Nginx启动时默认加载配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf,而nginx.conf里会引用/etc/nginx/conf.d目录里的所有.conf文件。

因此可以将自己定制的一些配置写到单独.conf文件里,只要文件放在/etc/nginx/conf.d这个目录里即可,方便维护。

创建tomcats.conf:vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/tomcats.conf,内容如下:

upstream tomcats {
     ip_hash;
    server 192.168.0.251:8080;
     server 192.168.0.251:8081;
     server 192.168.0.251:8082;
 }

修改default.conf:vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf,修改如下:

#注释原有的配置
#location / {
#    root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
#    index  index.html index.htm;
#}

#新增配置默认将请求转发到tomcats.conf配置的upstream进行处理
location / {
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_pass http://tomcats; #与tomcats.conf里配置的upstream同名
}

保存后重新加载配置:nginx -s reload

四、静态资源分离配置

修改default.conf:vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf,添加如下配置:

#所有js,css相关的静态资源文件的请求由Nginx处理
location ~.*\.(js|css)$ {
    root    /opt/static-resources; #指定文件路径
    expires     12h; #过期时间为12小时
}
#所有图片等多媒体相关静态资源文件的请求由Nginx处理
location ~.*\.(html|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|gif|ico|mp3|mid|wma|mp4|swf|flv|rar|zip|txt|doc|ppt|xls|pdf)$ {
    root    /opt/static-resources; #指定文件路径
    expires     7d; #过期时间为7天
}

五、修改SELinux安全规则

如果访问Nginx时出现502 Bad Gateway错误,则可能是Nginx主机上的SELinux限制了其使用http访问权限引起的,输入命令setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1 开启权限即可。

文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf完整配置如下:

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile    100000;


events {
    use epoll;
    multi_accept on; 
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    server_tokens off;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip on;
    gzip_disable "msie6";
    gzip_static on;
    gzip_proxied any;
    gzip_min_length 1000;
    gzip_comp_level 4;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

文件/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf完整配置如下:

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log  main;

    #location / {
    #    root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    #    index  index.html index.htm;
    #}

    location / {
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_pass http://web_servers;
    }

    location ~.*\.(js|css)$ {
        root    /opt/static-resources;
        expires     12h;
    }

    location ~.*\.(html|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|gif|ico|mp3|mid|wma|mp4|swf|flv|rar|zip|txt|doc|ppt|xls|pdf)$ {
        root    /opt/static-resources;
        expires     7d;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

注意:如果执行命令时没有root权限,请在命令前面加上 sudo 执行。

bin             --启动命令目录
    conf           --配置文件目录      *重点
    lib              --库文件目录
    logs           --日志文件目录      *重点
    temp         --临时缓存文件
    webapps  --web应用家目录    *重点
    work         --工作缓存目录
posted @ 2019-03-15 14:27  AIの海雅  阅读(534)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报