英语笔记
4A Module 1 Getting to know you认识彼此
M1U1 Meeting new people认识新伙伴
★背诵词汇:eleven 11,twelve 12, thirteen 13, fourteen 14, fifteen 15,
sixteen16, seventeen 17, eighteen 18, nineteen 19, twenty 20
★背诵句型:1.This is my sister. Her name is Sally. 这是我的姐妹,她的名字叫Sally。
2. His name is Paul. He’s only six.他的名字叫Paul,他只有六岁。
3. I’m Peter’s classmate. 我是Peter的同学。
4. We are going to the park.我们正打算去公园。
5. She’s ten years old. 她十岁。
6. Her student number is sixteen. 她的学号是16。
★认知词句:meet 结识, people 人们, classmate 同班同学,deskmate 同桌,
number 数字, only 仅仅、只有, his 他的, her 她的, live居住, near附近, near our school 在我们学校附近, walk to school=go to school on foot 走路上学,ride to school=go to school by bike骑自行车上学, sit at the desk 坐在课桌旁,make a funny face 做一个滑稽的脸, ask问, put on带上, laugh大笑
★掌握语法:1. 人称代词的所有格:(1)物主代词: I我—my我的, you你、你们—your你的、你们的, he他—his他的, she她—her她的, it它—its它的,
we我们—our我们的, they他们、她们、它们—their他们的、她们的、它们的
|
单数 |
复数 |
||
主格 |
所有格 |
主格 |
所有格 |
|
第一人称 |
I |
my |
we |
our |
第二人称 |
you |
your |
you |
your |
第三人称 |
he |
his |
they |
their |
she |
her |
|||
it |
its |
(2)名词的所有格:’s表示“的”:my sister’s book我姐姐的书;
the monkey’s tail 这只猴子的尾巴 ,
(3)以s结尾的复数名词所有格只在s后面加’: the pupils’ bags 学生们的书包
(4)用and连接的两个名词所有格形式,只在后面一个名词后加’s:
This is Ben and Danny’s ball. 这是Ben和Danny(共有)的球。
(5)These are Ben’s and Danny’s balls. 表示“这些是Ben的以及Danny的球。”
(6)This is Ben’s bag. 这是Ben 的包。对划线部分提问 : Whose bag is this?
这是谁的包?
2. 同音词:know(认识)---no, meet(遇见,相识)----meat, hi---high(高的)
3. people人们,是复数名词 4. here这里,反义词:there那里
M1U2 Abilities能力
★背诵词汇: paint用颜料画画(还可作名词:paints颜料),draw绘画,
read阅读, write写, swim游泳, jump跳
★背诵词组:paint well画得好, draw a picture画一幅画, read a book读书,
write well写得好, swim fast游得快, jump high跳得高
climb a tree爬树,count to three数到三, run fast 跑得快
sing a song 唱首歌
★背诵句型:1. Supergirl is coming. 超级女生来了。
2.She can run fast. 她能跑得快。
3.She can swim well.她能游得好。
4. She can fly high. 她能飞得高。
5.I like swimming very much.我非常喜欢游泳。
★认知词句:ability能力, pony 矮马, dream梦,梦想, interview 采访,welcome欢迎, time时间, guest客人, both都, dolphin海豚,
crisps薯片, go away走开, like ... very much非常喜欢...
★掌握语法:1. 反义词:this这---that那, these这些---those那些,
little小的---big大的, good好的---bad坏的
2. 单复数:ability能力---abilities, pony矮马---ponies
3. well(副词:好的)----good(形容词:好的)
4. 现在进行时:be动词+doing,表示“正在做….”,常与now, look, listen等词连用:
如:Supergirl is coming. 超级女孩来了。He is drawing now. 现在他正在画画。
Look!The dogs are running. 看!狗子们正在跑。
Is Alice swimming now? Yes, she is. Alice 正在游泳吗?是的。
- can句型:单词用原形,如:Can a tiger climb a tree? No, it can’t.
- like doing sth喜欢做某事, like 后面跟动名词形式。Do you like playing pingpong? No, I like swimming.
- 动名词的构成方式:(1)一般在动词后面直接加ing, 如:sing-singing,jump-jumping,draw-drawing, paint-painting, eat-eating...
(2) 去掉末尾不发音的e,再加ing, 如:have-having, write-writing, dance-dancing, make-making, skate-skating, ride-riding
(3) 词的末尾是一个元音(a,e,i,o,u)和一个辅音,并都发音,就双写词尾字母,加ing, 如:run -running, hop-hopping, skip-skipping, cut-cutting, shop-shopping, swim-swimming...
M1U3 How do you feel? 你感觉怎样?
★背诵词汇:happy快乐的,sad难过的,hungry饿的,full饱的,
thirsty渴的,tired累的,angry生气的
★掌握句型:1. How do you feel? We’re tired. 你们感觉怎样?我们累了。
2. How does Danny feel? He is happy. Danny感觉怎样?他很快乐。
3. Have some biscuits. 吃一些饼干吧。
4. Have some water then. 那么喝一些水吧。
5. Come in, please. 请进。 6. Sit down, please. 请坐。
7. Here’s some water for you. 这是给你的一些水。
★认知词句:afraid害怕, back回来, crow乌鸦, pebble鹅卵石,
idea主意, berry浆果, lemonade柠檬汁, toast吐司面包,
a bottle of water一瓶水, a piece of toast一片吐司面包, post office邮局
★掌握语法:1. have/ has有多种意思:
(1) 有:I have an idea. 我有一个主意。 (2) 吃;喝= eat/ drink: Have some biscuits.吃饼干, Have some water. 喝水, have lunch吃午餐,
(3)进行、举行:have a picnic进行野餐, have a party举行派对,
have a computer lesson上计算机课
2. 反义词: happy---sad, hungry---full, large(大的)---small;
come in进来---go out出去, sit down坐下---stand up起立
3. Here is / here are用法:“就近原则”( 和There is /there are 用法一致)
如: Here is some water for you. 这是给你的一些水。
Here are some pebbles. 这里有一些卵石。
Here is a cake and some flowers for you. 这是给你的蛋糕和花。
4. be full of 装满…. The glass is full of water. 这个玻璃杯装满了水。
be tired of 对…感到厌恶 I am tired of bread. 我不喜欢面包了。
be afraid of 害怕,担忧…. I am afraid of tigers. 我害怕老虎。
5. (1) a cake with cream and berries. 一个带有奶油和浆果的蛋糕。
with“有”; cream“奶油”(不可数); berries“浆果”(单数:berry)
(2) a large bottle of lemonade 一大瓶柠檬汁;
a packet of biscuits一包饼干; a piece of toast一片吐司面包
- toast吐司面包(不可数); postman邮递员(复数:postmen)
- want to do sth 想要做某事 Do you want to skate?
No, I want to read the book.
4A Module 2 Me, my family and friends我,我的家人和朋友
M2U1 Jill’s family Jill的一家
★背诵词汇:family家庭,grandfather祖父(grandpa),grandmother祖母(grandma),father父亲,mother母亲,uncle叔叔,aunt阿姨,cousin表兄妹、堂兄妹,brother兄弟,sister姐妹
★背诵句型:1. Who’s that man? 那个男人是谁?
2. He’s my mother’s brother. 他是我妈妈的兄弟。
3. Do you have cousins? Yes, I do. 你有表兄妹、堂兄妹吗?有的。
4. How many uncles and aunts do you have? 你有几个叔叔阿姨?
5. I have one aunt.But I have no uncles.我有一位阿姨。但我没有叔叔。
★掌握语法:1. 单数:an uncle一位叔叔, an aunt一位阿姨,
复数:dish盘,碟---dishes, family家庭---families
2. 同音词: hi---high, aunt---aren’t, right---write
3. 宾格:(1)I---me, you---you, he---him, she---her, it---it, we---us, they---them
(2)宾格放在动词或介词的后面:
Look at me. 看着我。 I like them. 我喜欢他们。
You can call him Ben. 你能叫他Ben。
4. 关于缩写’s : He’s tall. =He is tall. He’s got a ball.= He has got a ball.
This is my mother’s dress. (’s 表示“的”)
He’s Wang Rong’s father. (他是王容的爸爸。)
=is “的”
5. 反义词:man男人---woman女人 / lady女士 (复数:men---women / ladies)
bright明亮的、鲜艳的---dark黑暗的; come来---go去
- in+穿着服装或颜色: The man in the bright green shirt is my uncle.
那个穿鲜绿色衬衫的男人是我的叔叔。
The girl in red is Kitty. 那个穿红色衣服的是Kitty。
7.to have 句型:
|
第一人称单数 |
第三人称单数 |
肯定句 |
I have a nice coat. |
Jill has a new dress. |
否定句 |
I don’t have a nice coat. |
Jill doesn’t have a new dress. |
一般疑问句 肯定、否定回答 |
-Do you have a nice coat? -Yes,I do. No, I don’t. |
-Does Jill have a new dress? -Yes,she does.No,she doesn’t. |
特殊疑问句 |
What do you have? |
What does Jill have? |
How many nice coats do you have? |
How many new dresses does Jill have? |
I,you,we,they--have, he,she,it--has
M2U2 Jobs职业
★背诵词汇: job职业,doctor医生,nurse护士,teacher教师,student学生(pupil小学生),police officer警察(=policeman/policewoman),firefighter消防员(=fireman/ firewoman),cook厨师;烧饭, bus driver公交车司机
★背诵词组: put out扑灭,play with玩…/和…一起玩,be afraid of害怕…
★认知词汇:postman(男)邮递员(复数:postmen), dentist牙医,
waiter男服务员,waitress女服务员(复数:waitresses),call打电话,bring带来,brave勇敢的, dangerous危险的, afraid害怕的 fire station消防局,
fire engine消防车, police station(= police office)警察局, visit 参观
★背诵句型:1. Don’t play with fire, children. 孩子们,不要玩火。
2. Put out the fire. 把火扑灭。
3. What does your father do? 你的父亲是做什么的?(你父亲的职业是什么?)
4. He is a teacher. 他是一位老师。
5. Welcome to our fire station. 欢迎来到我们消防局。
★掌握语法:1. 问职业: 如:Jill’s father is a firefighter. 单数三种问法均可:
What does Jill’s father do? = What is Jill’s father? = What is Jill’s father’s job?
如:We are teachers. 复数三种问法均可:
What do you do ?= What are you?=What are your jobs?
- 词性变化:teacher(名词:教师)---teach(动词:教);
student(名词:学生)---study(动词:学习)
driver(名词:司机)---drive(动词:驾驶)
cook名词:厨师;动词:烧饭;
3. 反义词: brave勇敢的---afraid害怕的; pretty漂亮的---ugly丑的
4. bye同音词:buy/ by
5. 祈使句:用来表达要求、请求或劝告。
(1)以动词原形为开头,如:肯定句:Close the door,please.
否定句:Don’t close the door,please.
Kitty,come here. 否定句:Kitty, don’t come here.
肯定句改否定句方法:在动词前加don’t
(2) 以 let.. 开头的句子,动词用原形。
如:Let me have a look.
Let’s go to the classroom.
M2U3 I have a friend我有一个朋友
★背诵词汇:coat外套,shirt衬衫,blouse女士衬衫,T-shirt T恤衫,
skirt短裙,sweater毛衣,jeans牛仔裤,shorts短裤,dress连衣裙,
jacket夹克衫,hat帽子,scarf围巾,gloves手套,shoes鞋子,
socks袜子,a pair of一双,一对,一副,一条
★掌握句型:1. I have a friend. His name’s Tom.我有一个朋友。他的名字是Tom。
2. What does he have? 他有什么?
3. He has a pair of blue shorts.他有一条蓝色的短裤。
4. He has an orange T-shirt. 他有一件桔色的T恤衫。
5. It has small but sharp teeth. 它有小而锋利的牙齿。
6. The lion is in a net. It is afraid. 狮子在一个网里。它很害怕。
7. The mouse can bite. 老鼠会咬。
★掌握语法:1. 复数:dress---dresses, scarf---scarves, glove---gloves
mouse---mice, tooth---teeth,
- 反义词:sharp锋利的—blunt钝的
4. 同音词:wear穿,戴---where在哪儿
5. Have/ has用法:(1) have: I have, you have, we have, they have, 复数+have
has: he has, she has, it has, 第三人称单数+has
(2) What does he have? He has….
What does Kitty have? She has….
What do you have? I have …..
What do Ben and Danny have? They have….
6.改句型:(1)I have a red coat.
否定句:I don’t have a red coat.
一般疑问句:Do you have a red coat?
肯定回答:Yes, I do. 否定回答:No, I don’t.
划线提问:What do you have?
(2)Alice has a pair of jeans.
否定句: Alice doesn’t have a pair of jeans.
一般疑问句: Does Alice have a pair of jeans?
肯定回答:Yes, she does. 否定回答:No, she doesn’t.
划线提问: What does Alice have?
4A Module 3 Places and activities地点和活动
M3U1 In our school 在我们学校里
★ 背诵词汇:place地点,canteen食堂,computer lab计算机房,lab实验室,office办公室,gym体育馆,classroom教室,music room音乐教室,
art room美术教室, library图书馆,hall礼堂;大厅,playground操场, classroom building教学楼, teachers’ office教师办公室, post office邮局
behind在…后面, in front of 在…前面
★背诵词组:study with和…一起学习, a lot of = lots of =many=much许多,
have lunch吃午餐, have computer lessons上计算机课,have a try试一试
★背诵句型:1. This is the teachers’ office. 这是教师办公室。
2. Miss Fang is busy now. 方老师现在正忙。
3. There are a lot of books in it. 在它里面有许多的书。
4. We have lunch here. 我们在这里吃午餐。
5. It’s behind the classroom building. 它在教学楼的后面。
6. There is a cupboard and a bookshelf in it. 在它里面有一个柜子和一个书架。
7. Your classroom is clean and tidy. 你们的教室真干净整洁。
★掌握语法:
1. There be 句型,表示在什么地方有什么东西:
2. 基本结构:(1) There is +可数名词单数/不可数名词+地点状语:
There is a book and some pens on the desk.There is some water in the bottle. (2) There are +可数名词复数+地点状语:There are many classrooms in our school.
3.就近原则:如果出现两种及以上物体时,看最靠近be动词的物体个数,单数或不可数名词用is ,复数名词用are.
如:There is a pen and two rulers on the desk.
There are two rulers and a pen on the desk.
There is some milk and three pies there.
- 否定形式:There isn’t ..../There aren’t...
在肯定句中的some,在否定句中改成any
5.一般疑问句和回答:Is there ...? Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
Are there ...? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
在肯定句中的some,在一般疑问句中改成any
6.特殊疑问句:What’s +介词短语+地点状语?如:
There is a boat on the river. >>> What’s on the river?
There are many books in the bag.>>> What’s in the bag?
(6) How many提问一般用there be 句型回答:
How many books are there on the desk? There are ten books on the desk.
How many girls? There are eleven.
2. 复数:library---libraries, bookshelf书架---bookshelves
3. 反义词:clean干净的---dirty脏的, bad坏的---good好的 little---old/ big
4. 一些常用口语:Thank you so much.= Thanks a lot. 多谢。
There are no classrooms. = There are not any classrooms.那里没有教室。
M3U2 Around my home 我家的周围
★背诵词汇: around周围, home家, street街 ,road路,
near在附近, city城市(复数:cities), shop商店,supermarket超市,
post office邮局, restaurant餐厅, clothes shop服装店,
bakery面包店,hotel宾馆, next to 紧邻;在近旁=beside在旁边,
between在…中间
★认知词汇:a busy street一条繁忙的街道, at No.126 Garden Street 在花园街126号, on the road在马路上, send a postcard 寄明信片,
show sb. the way 给某人(宾格)指路, in the centre of Shanghai 在上海的中心, many other things许多其他东西, neighbourhood 社区,
on this street 在这条街上, buy some bread 买些面包,
a map of 一张...地图, clocks and watches 钟表
★背诵句型:
1. Where is your home? 你的家在哪里?
2. I want to buy some bread too. 我还想买一些面包。
3. There are many shops near my home. 有许多商店在我家附近。
4. It’s on a busy street in our city. 它在我们城市里的一条繁忙的街上。
5. I want to send a postcard.我想要寄一张明信片。
★掌握语法:
1. street街,road路:
(1) 表示具体某条街或路时要大写:Garden Street花园街,Nanjing Road 南京路
(2) 在某条街或路上: on the street, on Nanjing Road,
(3) 有具体门牌号用介词at: at No. 126, Garden Street
2. shop商店(动词:购物go shopping),前面加名词,表示商店类别:
clothes shop服装店,toy shop玩具店,fruit shop水果店,flower shop花店,bookshop书店(注意:bookshop是一个单词,不要分开写)
M3U3 In the shop 在商店里
★背诵词汇:packet小包;小袋,loaf一条,bowl碗,bar棒;条, bottle瓶
a packet of sweets一包糖,a loaf of bread一条面包,a bowl of noodles一碗面,a bar of chocolate一条巧克力,a packet of biscuits一包饼干,
a bottle of water 一瓶水, a glass of juice一杯果汁, a cup of tea 一杯茶
★认知词汇: magic有魔力的,worry 担心,too much chocolate 太多巧克力,spider 蜘蛛,stick木棍,the bakery section 面包部,glasses shop 眼镜店,mole 鼹鼠, put on the glasses 戴上眼镜, the food shop食品店
补充:a carton of milk 一盒牛奶, a tin of cola一听、一罐可乐
★掌握句型:1. How much are they? 它们多少钱?
2. They’re five yuan, please. 五元。
3. They want to buy some food. 他们想买一些食物。
4. Here’s the bakery section. 这里是面包部。
5. Now let’s go to the fruit section. 现在让我们去水果部。
★掌握语法:
1. 不可数名词:chocolate, bread, water, food, smoke(烟)等
(1) 表示许多时,前面用much修饰,不能加s,如:much water许多水,
much chocolate许多巧克力
(2) 提问有两种形式:How much water do you want? 你想要多少水?
How many bottles of water do you want? 你想要多少瓶水?
2. a packet of, a loaf of, a bowl of, a bar of, a bottle of都表示单数(用is):
This is a packet of sweets. 这是一包糖。There is a loaf of bread. 有一条面包。
划线提问:There is a packet of chocolate on the table.
>>> How many packets of chocolate are there on the table?
(How many 后跟复数, packet加s, there is 改成are there)
复数:two packets of, three loaves of, four bowls of, five bars of, ten bottles of
3.want 用法:
(1) 想要某物:want + 名词:I want an apple. Do you want any water?
(2) 想要做某事:want to do sth动词用原形: I want to play. Do you want to go with me?
(3) 划线提问:I want a book. >>> What do you want ? 你想要什么?
He wants a robot. >>> What does he want? 他想要什么?
I want to sleep. >>> What do you want to do? 你想要做什么?
Kitty wants to sing. >>> What does Kitty want to do? Kitty想要做什么?
4A Module 4 The natural world 自然界
M4U1 A visit to a farm 一次去农场的参观
★背诵词汇:
visit参观,拜访, hay干草, grass草, corn谷物, meat肉,
litter乱扔(垃圾), walk走, pick摘;捡, throw扔, stone石头,
don’t不要, rubbish垃圾(不可数), bin垃圾箱, on the farm在农场上
★认知词汇:live in a pen 住在围栏里, swing his two ears扇动他的耳朵,
wear a red scarf 戴一条红色围巾,fast and far又快又远,everywhere到处, skate on the skateboard 滑滑板, feed the pig with corn 用谷物喂猪
★背诵句型:
1.On his farm he has three sheep.在他的农场上他有三只绵羊。
2. Don’t litter. 不要乱扔垃圾。
3. Don’t walk on the grass. 不要在草地上走。
4.Don’t pick flowers.不要摘花。
5. Don’t throw stones.不要扔石头。
6. Please put the rubbish in the rubbish bin.请把垃圾放在垃圾箱里。
★掌握语法:
- 单复数:sheep---sheep(单复数同形); horse----horses;
child---children; this---these; that---those
2.hay, grass, corn, meat, rubbish(垃圾),都是不可数名词。
3. feed the animals喂养动物; grow the plants种植植物
4. Don’t litter. (换一种说法)= You can’t litter.
Don’t walk on the grass. (换一种说法) = You can’t walk on the grass.
5. let’s = let us让我们,后面跟动词原形:
Let’s go. Let’s play. Let’s sing and dance.
6. take a visit to + 地点, 一次去…的参观
Let’s visit the farm. = Let’s take a visit to the farm.
M4U2 At Century Park 在世纪公园
★背诵词汇:
at Century Park在世纪公园,sketchbook素描本,cap鸭舌帽,camera照相机aviary鸟舍,fountain喷泉,pond池塘,plant house花房;温室
★认知词汇:take the school bus 乘坐校车, butter 黄油(不可数)
get/be ready for 为...做准备, have a picnic 野餐, take photos拍照,
watch the fish and ducks 观赏鱼和鸭子, the map of the park 公园的地图, have a look 看一看, show the photos展示照片, play on the swing荡秋千
★背诵句型:
1.Let’s go to Century Park and have a picnic. 让我们去世纪公园野餐。
2.Where is Century Park, Miss Fang? 方老师,世纪公园在哪里?
3. It’s far away from our school. 它离我们学校很远。
4. We can take the school bus there. 我们能乘校车去那里。
5. What do you have, Kitty? Kitty你有什么?
6. I have a camera. 我有一个照相机。
★掌握语法:
1. 同音词:know--- no, see---sea
2. peanut butter花生酱(不可数),candy糖---candies,an aviary---aviaries
3. (1) take the…to…乘…去….地方:
take the bus to the park乘公交车去公园,
take the car to the zoo乘车到动物园
take the train to Beijing乘火车去北京
(2) by+交通工具:
go to the park by bus, go to Beijing by train, go to the zoo by car
(3) on foot = walk to…走路去…地方:
I go to the shop on foot. = I walk to the shop. 我走路去商店。
4. where 在哪里,用来询问人或物的位置。
如:Where is Danny?He's beside the fountain.
Where are the birds? They’re in the aviary.(注意be动词的正确使用)
- What does/do ...have? 询问对方或他人有什么东西?
如:What do you have? I have a cap.
What does Eddie have ? He has a pair of sunglasses.
注意do,does的用法以及答句have,has 的用法。
does---he,she,it do--I,we ,you,they
has---he,she,it have---I,we,you ,they
M4U3 Weather 天气
★背诵词汇:
(1) weather天气,sunny晴朗的,rainy多雨的,cloudy多云的,
windy刮风的,snowy下雪的,foggy有雾的,warm温暖的,hot热的,
cool凉爽的,cold冷的,wet潮湿的,dry干燥的
(2) live in住在…,China中国,Australia澳大利亚,often经常,always总是,make phone calls to打电话给…,each other 互相
(3) season季节,spring春天,summer夏天,autumn秋天,winter冬天
(4) month月份
January 一月 |
February 二月 |
March 三月 |
April 四月 |
May 五月 |
June 六月 |
July 七月 |
August 八月 |
September 九月 |
October 十月 |
November 十一月 |
December 十二月 |
(5) week星期
Sunday 星期天 |
Monday 星期一 |
Tuesday 星期二 |
Wednesday 星期三 |
Thursday 星期四 |
Friday 星期五 |
Saturday 星期六 |
★掌握句型: 1. I live in China. 我住在中国。
2. How’s the weather in December? 十二月的天气怎么样?
3. What’s the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?
4. The plants grow and grow. 植物长啊长。
5. The leaves fall and fall. 树叶落啊落。
6. The sun shines and shines. 太阳闪耀啊闪耀。
★掌握语法:
1. 月份、季节、国家前用介词in, 例如:in January,in spring,in China
星期、节日前用介词on, 例如:on Sunday,on Mid-autumn Day
2. How’s the weather?= What’s the weather like? 天气怎样?
3. 划线提问:I live in China. >>> Where do you live? 你住在哪里?
She lives in Australia. >>> Where does she live? 她住在哪里?
She is from Australia. >>> Where is she from? 她来自哪里?
4. China中国---Chinese中国人,中文,中国的
Japan 日本---Japanese日本人,日文,日本的
Australia澳大利亚---Australian澳大利亚人,澳大利亚的
America美国---American美国人,美国的
India印度---Indian印度人,印第安人,印度的
Korea韩国---Korean韩国人,韩语,韩国的