go 发送http请求

参考文档：
https://golang-tech-stack.com/post/4989

本文内容纲要：

普通的get请求

package main

import (
    "io/ioutil"
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    res,_ :=http.Get("https://www.baidu.com/")
    defer res.Body.Close()
    body,_ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
    fmt.Print(body)
}

带参数的get请求（参数不放在url里）

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
    "net/url"
)

func main(){
    params := url.Values{}
    Url, _:= url.Parse("https://www.baidu.com/")
    params.Set("name","zhaofan")
    params.Set("age","23")
    //如果参数中有中文参数,这个方法会进行URLEncode
    Url.RawQuery = params.Encode()
    urlPath := Url.String()
    fmt.Println(urlPath) //等同于https://www.xxx.com?age=23&name=zhaofan
    resp,_ := http.Get(urlPath)
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

get请求添加请求头

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    client := &http.Client{}
    req,_ := http.NewRequest("GET","http://www.xxx.com",nil)
    req.Header.Add("name","zhaofan")
    req.Header.Add("age","3")
    resp,_ := client.Do(req)
　　 defer resp.Body.close()
    body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    fmt.Printf(string(body))
}

post请求

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
    "net/url"
)

func main() {
    urlValues := url.Values{}
    urlValues.Add("name","zhaofan")
    urlValues.Add("age","22")
    resp, _ := http.PostForm("http://www.xxx.com",urlValues)
    defer resp.Body.close()
    body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

post请求的另一种方式

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
    "net/url"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    urlValues := url.Values{
        "name":{"zhaofan"},
        "age":{"23"},
    }
    reqBody:= urlValues.Encode()
    resp, _ := http.Post("http://www.xxx.com/post", "text/html",strings.NewReader(reqBody))
    defer resp.Body.close()
    body,_:= ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

post请求发送json数据

package main

import (
    "bytes"
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    client := &http.Client{}
    data := make(map[string]interface{})
    data["name"] = "zhaofan"
    data["age"] = "23"
    bytesData, _ := json.Marshal(data)
    req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST","http://www.xxx.com",bytes.NewReader(bytesData))
    resp, _ := client.Do(req)
    defer resp.Body.close()
    body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

不用client

package main

import (
    "bytes"
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    data := make(map[string]interface{})
    data["name"] = "zhaofan"
    data["age"] = "23"
    bytesData, _ := json.Marshal(data)
    resp, _ := http.Post("http://www.xxx.com","application/json", bytes.NewReader(bytesData))
    defer resp.Body.close()
    body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

说白了，我们记住http.get 和http.post就可以了