blackbox_exporter用法及安装步骤

下载地址：https://prometheus.io/download/

官方文档地址：https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter

配置文件用法：https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/blob/master/CONFIGURATION.md

配置文件举例: https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/blob/master/example.yml

The blackbox exporter allows blackbox probing of endpoints over HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, TCP, ICMP and gRPC.


Checking the results

Visiting http://localhost:9115/probe?target=google.com&module=http_2xx will return metrics for a HTTP probe against google.com. 
The probe_success metric indicates if the probe succeeded. 
Adding a debug=true parameter will return debug information for that probe.

用法示例：

1.docker方式

docker run --rm \
  -p 9115/tcp \
  --name blackbox_exporter \
  -v $(pwd):/config \
  quay.io/prometheus/blackbox-exporter:latest --config.file=/config/blackbox.yml
  
2.二进制方式

./blackbox_exporter <flags>

Prometheus Configuration：

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'blackbox'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]  # Look for a HTTP 200 response.
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - http://prometheus.io    # Target to probe with http.
        - https://prometheus.io   # Target to probe with https.
        - http://example.com:8080 # Target to probe with http on port 8080.
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115  # The blackbox exporter's real hostname:port.
        

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: blackbox_all
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [ http_2xx ]  # Look for a HTTP 200 response.
    dns_sd_configs:
      - names:
          - example.com
          - prometheus.io
        type: A
        port: 443
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
        replacement: https://$1/  # Make probe URL be like https://1.2.3.4:443/
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115  # The blackbox exporter's real hostname:port.
      - source_labels: [__meta_dns_name]
        target_label: __param_hostname  # Make domain name become 'Host' header for probe requests
      - source_labels: [__meta_dns_name]
        target_label: vhost  # and store it in 'vhost' label
        

具体安装步骤：
1.下载软件

wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.24.0/blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

2.解压缩

tar -zxv -f blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local


3.配置为系统服务

# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=blackbox_exporter
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
Group=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter \
    --config.file=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml \
    --web.listen-address=:9115
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

另一种写法：
cat <<EOF > /etc/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=blackbox_exporter
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=os2uat
Group=os2uat
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/blackbox_exporter \
--config.file=/app/software/blackbox_exporter-0.22.0.linux-amd64/blackbox.yml \
--web.listen-address=:9115
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

4.重载系统systemd配置，启动服务并且设置服务自启，查看服务运行状态

# systemctl daemon-reload

# systemctl enable --now blackbox_exporter

# systemctl restart blackbox_exporter

# systemctl status blackbox_exporter

5.测试接口

curl -s {{节点IP}}:9115/metrics


ps -ef|grep "server.port"
ps -ef|grep "mall-server"

mall-server

服务及其所在主机：



重新加载配置文件

curl -X POST http://172.31.128.1:9079/-/reload

probe_success{name="huanma-activity"}


probe_success{app="huanma-activity", environment="prod", instance="172.31.115.18:8067", job="http"}

probe_success{module=~"$module",company=~"$company",project=~"$project",env=~"$env",name=~"$name",instance=~"$instance",instance=~".*$sname.*"} - 0


probe_success{module=~"$module",company=~"$company",project=~"$project",env=~"$env",name=~"$name",instance=~"$instance",instance=~".*$sname.*"} - 0

__scheme__="tcp"



modules:
  http_2xx:
    prober: http
  tcp_connect:
    prober: tcp
  pop3s_banner:
    prober: tcp
    tcp:
      query_response:
      - expect: "^+OK"
      tls: true
      tls_config:
        insecure_skip_verify: false


modules:
  http_2xx:
    prober: http
    timeout: 5s
    http:
      method: GET
      preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"
      valid_status_codes: [200]
  tcp_connect:
    prober: tcp
    timeout: 5s


  - job_name: "tcp"
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [tcp_connect]
    file_sd_configs:
    - files:
      - targets/tcp.yaml
      refresh_interval: 2m

    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 172.31.128.1:9115
        


label_values(probe_success{module=~"$module",company=~"$company",project=~"$project",env=~"$env",name=~"$name",app=~"$app"},app)

label_values(probe_success{module=~"$module",company=~"$company",project=~"$project",env=~"$env"},name)


probe_success{app=~"$app"}